Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 410 - 420 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076 İndeks Tarihi: 12-10-2022

Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin

Öz:
Polymers are widely used as insulation materials in the electrical industry because their existing electrical and mechanical properties can be altered by adding different types of additives. Successful prediction of the service life of the insulators used in the electrical industry is important for the reliability of the system. For this purpose, insulating materials are subjected to tests according to various standards. In this study, unlike the literature, a polymeric insulator was produced by adding 3 wt.% zinc oxide (ZnO), magnetite (Fe3O4), and nickel (Ni) into the polyester. The produced samples were subjected to the inclined plane test in accordance with ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) D-2303 standards. In order to analyze the electric and magnetic field distributions formed on the samples during the inclined plane test, first, the current flowing on the samples during the test was measured. Following this, analyses were carried out by creating a simulation model of the samples. Studies found in the literature mainly focus on two-dimensional investigation of the electrical field distribution. This study concentrates on the three-dimensional examination of the electrical field also considering the magnetic field distribution. Results of this study showed that prior numerical analysis gives insight into information about the real-life behavior of the samples.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. A. Ersoy, Investigating Boron Contribution and Electrical Properties of Polymeric Insulators Used in Electrical Insulation Systems [PhD Thesis]. İstanbul: İstanbul University, Institute of Natural Sciences, 2007.
  • 2. M. T. Gencoglu, “The comparison of ceramic and non-ceramic insulators,” E-journal of New World Sciences Academy, Vol. 2, no. 4, 2007.
  • 3. S. M. Rowland, Y. Xiong, J. Robertson, and S. Hoffmann, “Aging of silicone rubber composite insulators on 400 kV transmission lines,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., vol. 14, no. 1, 130–136, 2007. [CrossRef]
  • 4. K. O. Papailiou, and F. Schmuck, “Silicone composite insulators: Materials, design, applications,” Power Syst., vol. 75, 2013.
  • 5. S. M. Gubanski, “Modern outdoor insulation—Concerns and challenges,” IEEE Electr. Insul. Mag., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 5–11, 2005. [CrossRef]
  • 6. T. Tanaka, G. C. Montanari, and R. Mülhaupt, “Polymer nanocomposites as dielectrics and electrical insulation- perspectives for processing technologies, material characterization and future applications,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., vol. 11, no. 5, 763–784, 2004. [CrossRef]
  • 7. D. D. Chung, Composite Materials: Science and Applications. London, England: Springer London Ltd, 2010.
  • 8. W. Yan, Z. J. Han, B. T. Phung, F. Faupel, and K. K. Ostrikov, “High-voltage insulation organic-inorganic nanocomposites by plasma polymerization,” Materials (Basel), vol. 7, no. 1, 563–575, 2014. [CrossRef]
  • 9. H. Takele, U. Schürmann, H. Greve, D. Paretkar, V. Zaporojtchenko, and F. Faupel, “Controlled growth of Au nanoparticles in co-evaporated metal/ polymer composite films and their optical and electrical properties,” Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 33, no. 2, 83–89, 2006. [CrossRef]
  • 10. J. K. Nelson, and Y. Hu, “Nanocomposite dielectrics - Properties and implications,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 38, no. 2, 213–222, 2005. [CrossRef]
  • 11. M. T. Gençoğlu, M. Cebeci, and H. Alış, “Dependency of insulator leakage currents and surface flashover voltages to Envıronmental factors,” Erciyes Univ. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Derg., vol. 22, no. 1, 2006.
  • 12. A. R. Verma, and B. S. Reddy, “Tracking and erosion resistance of LSR and HTV silicon rubber samples under acid rain conditions,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., vol. 25, no. 1, 46–52, 2018. [CrossRef]
  • 13. S. Kumagai, and N. Yoshimura, “Tracking and erosion of HTV silicone rubbers of different thickness,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., vol. 8, no. 4, 673–678, 2001. [CrossRef]
  • 14. A. E. Yilmaz, and M. M. Ispirli, “Recurrence plot analysis of unsatured polyester samples subjected to contamination,” Istanb. Univ. J. Electr. Electron. Eng., vol. 18, no. 1, 2018.
  • 15. Technical Report Selection Guide for Polymeric Materials for Outdoor Use under HV Stress, IEC 62039: 2007, International Standard, 2007.
  • 16. A. Ersoy, M. Ugur, I. Güneş, and A. Kuntman, “A study on the insulation capacity of polymeric composite materials blended with boron minerals,” Istanb. Univ. J. Electr. Electron. Eng., vol. 7, no. 1, 2007.
  • 17. L. Meyer, R. Omranipour, S. Jayaram, and E. Cherney, The Effect of ATH and Silica on Tracking and Erosion Resistance of Silicone Rubber Compounds for Outdoor Insulation, In Conference Record of the the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No. 02CH37316) (pp. 271-274). IEEE., 2002.
  • 18. R. A. Ghunem, S. H. Jayaram, and E. A. Cherney, “Erosion of silicone rubber composites in the AC and DC inclined plane tests,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., vol. 20, no. 1, 229–236, 2013. [CrossRef]
  • 19. N. Loganathan, C. Muniraj, and S. Chandrasekar, “Tracking and erosion resistance performance investigation on nano-sized SiO2 filled silicone rubber for outdoor insulation applications,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., vol. 21, no. 5, 2172–2180, 2014. [CrossRef]
  • 20. K. Tavernier, B. R. Varlow, D. W. Auckland, and M. Ugur, “Improvement in electrical insulators by nonlinear fillers,” IEE Proc. Sci. Meas. Technol., vol. 146, no. 2, 1999. [CrossRef]
  • 21. A. Ersoy, and A. Kuntman, “A study on influence of borax to polyester insulators,” Turk. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci., vol. 19, no. 3, 2011. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Y. Xue, X. Fei Li, D. Hai Zhang, H. Sheng Wang, Y. Chen, and Y. Fa Chen, “Comparison of ATH and SiO2 fillers filled silicone rubber composites for HTV insulators,” Compos. Sci. Technol., vol. 155, 2018.
  • 23. ASTM D2303-13, Standard Test Methods for Liquid-Contaminant, Inclined- Plane Tracking and Erosion of Insulating Materials. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2013. Available: www.astm.org.
  • 24. Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions, IEC 60587, 1st ed. 1977 International Standard, 1977.
  • 25. F. Le Lay, and J. Gutierrez, “Halogen free fire retardant composites for naval applications,” FRC 2000–Composites for the Millennium, 2000.
  • 26. K. L. Chrzan, “Inclined plane test, influence of transformer power”, 16th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering, The South African Institute of Electrical Engineers, Johannesburg, 2009.
  • 27. V. M. Radivojević, S. Rupčić, M. Srnović, and G. Benšić, “Measuring the dielectric constant of paper using a parallel plate capacitor,” Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. Syst., vol. 9, no. 1, 1–10, 2018. [CrossRef]
  • 28. M. T. Jilani, M. Zaka, A. M. Khan, M. T. Khan, and S. M. Ali, “A brief review of measuring techniques for characterization of dielectric materials,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Electr. Eng. (ITEE), vol. 1, no. 1, 2012.
  • 29. E. Arribas, I. Escobar, R. Ramirez-Vazquez, T. Franco, and A. Belendez, “An indirect measurement of the speed of light in a General Physics Laboratory,” J. King Saud Univ. Sci., vol. 32, no. 6, 2797–2802, 2020. [CrossRef]
  • 30. M. Fimberger, I. A. Tsekmes, R. Kochetov, J. J. Smit, and F. Wiesbrock, “Crosslinked poly (2-oxazoline) s as “green” materials for electronic applications,” Polymers, vol. 8, no. 1, 6, 2015.
  • 31. CST-Computer Simulation Technology, CST Microwave Studio. Available: https://www.cst.com. [Accessed December 1, 2021].
  • 32. A. Ersoy, and A. Kuntman, “Finite element simulations of the field distribution for artificially aged polymeric insulators,” Int. Rev. Electr. Eng., vol. 6, no. 2, 2011.
  • 33. M. Dutta, and C. K. Dwivedi, Liquid - Contaminant: Inclined Plane Tracking and Erosion of Insulating Materials, 2010.
  • 34. D. K. Cheng, Fundamentals of Engineering Electromagnetics. Reading, MA, United States: Pearson Education, 1992.
APA Nişancı S, Ipekoglu M, Nisanci M, UĞUR M (2022). Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. , 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
Chicago Nişancı Salih,Ipekoglu Mehmet,Nisanci Muhammet Hilmi,UĞUR Mukden Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. (2022): 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
MLA Nişancı Salih,Ipekoglu Mehmet,Nisanci Muhammet Hilmi,UĞUR Mukden Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. , 2022, ss.410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
AMA Nişancı S,Ipekoglu M,Nisanci M,UĞUR M Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. . 2022; 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
Vancouver Nişancı S,Ipekoglu M,Nisanci M,UĞUR M Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. . 2022; 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
IEEE Nişancı S,Ipekoglu M,Nisanci M,UĞUR M "Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin." , ss.410 - 420, 2022. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
ISNAD Nişancı, Salih vd. "Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin". (2022), 410-420. https://doi.org/10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
APA Nişancı S, Ipekoglu M, Nisanci M, UĞUR M (2022). Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. Electrica, 22(3), 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
Chicago Nişancı Salih,Ipekoglu Mehmet,Nisanci Muhammet Hilmi,UĞUR Mukden Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. Electrica 22, no.3 (2022): 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
MLA Nişancı Salih,Ipekoglu Mehmet,Nisanci Muhammet Hilmi,UĞUR Mukden Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. Electrica, vol.22, no.3, 2022, ss.410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
AMA Nişancı S,Ipekoglu M,Nisanci M,UĞUR M Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. Electrica. 2022; 22(3): 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
Vancouver Nişancı S,Ipekoglu M,Nisanci M,UĞUR M Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin. Electrica. 2022; 22(3): 410 - 420. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
IEEE Nişancı S,Ipekoglu M,Nisanci M,UĞUR M "Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin." Electrica, 22, ss.410 - 420, 2022. 10.5152/electrica.2022.22076
ISNAD Nişancı, Salih vd. "Investigation of the Effects of Additives on the Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polyester Resin". Electrica 22/3 (2022), 410-420. https://doi.org/10.5152/electrica.2022.22076