English, which has become a world-wide language, has made English language learning and education indispensable. Consequently, when non-English speaking nations wish to increase their citizens’ proficiency in English they must integrate English language courses into their educational curriculums. Turkey is no exception, and Turkish people have accepted the importance of learning a foreign language, with many wanting to pursue education in this direction. Self-efficacy, can be defined as an “individual’s judgement, belief and perception on himself/herself in dimensions of coping with situations in different conditions, organizing necessary activities for displaying specific performances and completing them successfully”. Positive self-efficacy induces the person in question to seek out new experiences in a particular field; it causes them to become tenacious and driven, and to be more strategical and successful. Accordingly, the main purpose of the current study is to determine the self-efficacy of high school English students in English education and learning. This study uses a descriptive survey method. The sample population of the study is comprised of 720 high school students attending different high schools in Turkey. The English Self-Efficacy Scale, developed by Bümen and Hancı Yanar (2012), was used as the data collection tool for the study. This research revealed the following: first, high school students have a moderate self-efficacy level regarding their English language education; second, students’ self-efficacy levels differ according to their gender, grade, school type and place of residence, though are unaffected by family income.