The current pandemic, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2: SARS-CoV-2) infection, which started in China in December 2019, was announced by the World Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2, whose mortality rates vary between 6-10.5% according to the comorbidity of the person infected with the virus, has the third highest known pathogenicity. It is a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to the coronavirus family. It enters the human cell through the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE 2) receptor. There are 4 major pathways in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2: renin-angiotensin signaling pathway, oxidative stress and cell death, cytokine storm and endothelial dysfunction. These pathways, which cause the development of the pathogenesis and thus the symptoms, are also the key points in terms of the mechanism of action of the drugs used in the current treatment. Since effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 has not been developed yet, knowing the potential entry routes of the virus into the body and the mechanisms of the disease is of great importance in terms of preventing infection.