This study aimed to examine the self-perception of hotel industry employees regarding their overqualification, the factors that contribute to overqualification, and the attitudes and behaviors of managers and colleagues towards overqualified employees. To achieve the research objective, a qualitative research approach was used, involving interviews with personnel to collect data. During the interviews, employees were asked four main questions. Thematic analysis was used to examine the participants' responses to the inquiries. Eight distinct themes were identified based on the examination of responses to the multiple-choice questions. The analysis revealed that a significant portion of employees felt they were overqualified for their roles. The perception of employees as overqualified is primarily influenced by factors such as education, experience, and foreign language proficiency. As per employees, this attribute distinguishes them from their peers. Moreover, a substantial portion of the workforce often perceives individuals to have excessive qualifications, as observed by their supervisors and peers. In conclusion, most participants, except for one, demonstrated a clear preference for overqualification. Employees engage in activities to enhance their qualifications in their pursuit of overqualification. These activities involve enhancing their education, enrolling in vocational training programs, obtaining work-related certifications, attending seminars, and improving their foreign language proficiency. In a broader context, there is a concept of improving employee overqualification by promoting higher education and foreign language proficiency.

Muslim-friendly tourism is one of the prominent topics in academic studies due to its potential returns and estimated market volume in recent years. Within this tourism type, customizing tourism products and services currently offered in the sector, rendering innovative tourism products and services needed by the customer segment, and profiting from the sale of these products and services are critical issues that need to be underlined. Although many studies have been carried out on Muslim-friendly hotels which are the essential dimensions of Muslim-friendly tourism, it is known that the studies investigating Muslim-friendly hotels in terms of entrepreneurship are limited in number, content, and scope. Therefore, it is aimed to carry out a conceptual analysis of Muslim-friendly hotel entrepreneurship and examine it under the main headings of the entrepreneurship field. Through the in-depth literature analysis, this study provided insights into the Muslim-friendly hotel entrepreneurship model. The Business Model Canvas, the success model, and the challenges of Muslim-friendly hotel entrepreneurship were produced. In addition to the importance of spiritual harmony between the entrepreneur and business concept, a supportive ecosystem was emphasized based on the designed conceptual model. The article was concluded with the implications for future research.

This study presents bibliometric analysis of brand-related content on social media. By filtering by topic in the WOS database, publications between 2000 and 2021 on two types of social media content, firm-generated content (FGC) and user-generated content (UGC), are examined. For FGC, 47 articles in the database are reviewed, while 3502 articles are included in the analysis for UGC. The research results found that while the FGC studies of the researchers mainly were “Business,” the UGC articles were “Computer Science Information Systems” predominantly. In addition, the journal that gives the most place to studies with the FGC topic is the Journal of Marketing. On the other hand, the journals New Media & Society and Sustainability published 46 articles each for UGC studies. As a result of the co-word network analysis, although there were five themes in the map of the FGC articles, more than ten themes were found in the map of the UGC articles. The research results are expected to shed light on researchers who will work on brand-related social media content in the following years.

This study provides insights on gossip related organizational communication in the context of hospitality businesses and reveals the relationship between employees’ personal attitude for gossip and their perception of workplace gossip. A quantitative research approach was adopted, and data were collected from 451 hotel employees through the survey. The relationships were examined by using path analyzes through the AMOS program. Findings show that managerial gossip attitude influences perception of workplace gossip dimensions (comparison and exaggeration, fun and entertainment, physical appearance, flow of social-information, managerial, and sublimation). This study differs from similar studies in related field as it examines how employees perceive gossip in the work environment through their individual attitudes towards gossip.

The tourism industry relies heavily on human power to survive, and job satisfaction is significantly influenced by employees' perceptions of work value and person-organization fit. This research aims to explore the impact of X and Y generation employees' work value perceptions and person-organization fit on job satisfaction in hospitality establishments. A field study was conducted with 471 employees in Mersin, using a convenience sampling method. Data was collected through questionnaires and reliability and validity tests. The findings showed that work value perceptions, person-organization fit, and job satisfaction levels of X and Y generation employees differ at a significance level of 0.05. However, there is a positive and significant relationship between these factors, with person-organization fit having a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction.

This paper aims at demonstrating the characteristics of the accommodations in the early period of the tourism development and determining the relationships between these characteristics and the price before it became a well-developed tourism destination focusing on Okinawa, Japan. Before Okinawa was returned to Japan, tourism markets were limited due to political reasons, though, tourism industries were developed and became a popular tourism site after the return of Okinawa. First, this paper conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the characteristics of the tourism accommodations. Two characteristics were obtained: one is for the characteristics of Western style hotels, the other is for Japanese-style accommodations which feature in traditional Japanese style rooms. Then a regression model was carried out to estimate the relationships between the price of accommodations and the characteristics obtained from the PCA. The estimation model showed that the characteristics of the Western style hotels more strongly influenced to the price, compared with those of the Japanese-style accommodations. Further, regional dummy variables were added to the model, which showed the price differences of accommodations between the cities and peripheral areas. Based on these results, Western style facilities were found to be more expensive before tourism development took off, and they were limited only in the part of areas in Okinawa.

In the changing and developing world, people's needs and requests have also begun to vary, and this situation has given the opportunity for the emergence of alternative tourism types on the basis of the tourism sector. Sports tourism, on the other hand, has emerged as an alternative tourism type that includes the active or passive participation of individual or group participants in different branches as a niche market. In this research, it is aimed to evaluate the potential of Mount Erciyes in terms of sports tourism and to present guiding knowledge for sector and public representatives. In this direction, prioritization was made with the SWOT analysis through interviews with fourteen stakeholders in the region, and then with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in line with the findings obtained. Accordingly, it has been determined that Mount Erciyes has strengths and opportunities such as accessibility and being in the Cappadocia Region, as well as weaknesses and threats such as insufficient infrastructure and increased competition. In addition, it has been seen that global competition is a threat to destination, but accessibility is the most important criteria to gain a competitive advantage.

The aim of the research is to identify the problems faced by hotel businesses within the scope of internal and external environmental factors. In this context, qualitative research method was applied in the research. Data was collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with people who are the owners and senior managers of hotel businesses operating in Akçakoca. A total of 10 hotel businesses were interviewed. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis technique. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that the enterprises face economic, political, legal and natural environmental problems arising from the remote environmental factors. It was also found out that they do not generally encounter problems arising from immediate environmental factors. Lastly, it was found out that generally they face marketing, human resources, finance and accounting problems in general in the context of internal environmental factors.

This current study aims to establish a new centrality formula for tourism destinations in effective travel planning. Based on network analysis, the results provide several formulas for measuring centrality derived from our basic algorithm, which we call the attractiveness centrality for effective travel planning. Since the attractions at some tourist hup-points have an impact on the centrality scores of each destination, they can be utilised for more effective trip planning based on spatial patterns. With this in mind, several implications for future studies and destination authorities were also discussed.

The Metaverse, a buzzword after last pandemic, is accepted as a functional tool enable for multi sided platforms in a single phygital world. The key contributions of this article include an organized evaluation of metaverse concepts, components, main facilitator technologies and implementation in tourism and a critical analysis of how metaverse can be facilitated in tourism including designing a new metaverse ecosystem by means of Metaverse as a service (MaaS) platform. In designed metaverse, it is aimed to merge two business models B2C &G2C to construct a new hybrid business model B2CG2Ccamping, glamping activities. In order to concrete the designed metaverse, two scenarios were generated by means of scenario-based approach. The metaverse designed by means of Spatial.io on a desktop computer with a 512 GB capacity with processor 11th Gen Intel(R) Core (TM) i9-11950H @ 2.60GHz 2.61 GHz, 16.0 GB RAM, 64-bit -Windows 10 Enterprises. Results show that designed metaverse is applicable for tourism activities such as glamping as a case on this study. Besides, the designed ecosystem approved the two business models can be merged in a one platform: Metaverse.

The desire of people to escape from cities to rural areas for various reasons increased the importance of ecotourism in general, nature parks and recreational activities. In this study, it is aimed to determine the recreational activities in nature parks and to shed light on the tourism potential of nature parks. In this context, 33 nature parks located in the Eastern Marmara Region focused in the study. The focus is on the eastern Marmara region, as it is a region with the potential to attract more tourists due to its close location to large cities with high populations. The distribution of the nature parks by the cities examined and specifically, which recreational activities could be carried out in each nature park determined and conducted a content analysis with the help of secondary data. The intensity of recreational activities mapped according to the cities, and the richness of recreational activities in nature parks compared within itself. Findings obtained from the research shows that among the cities in the Eastern Marmara Region, the most nature parks are located in Bolu. The nature park with the most activities is Harmankaya Canyon in Bilecik with 15 different activities. The most common activities in the nature parks are listed as; hiking, photography, picnic, cycling.

In the first two years of the Covid-19 pandemic, risk perception negatively affected travel intention. Whether the vaccination has changed risk perception and the impact of vaccination on travel intention has not been fully evaluated in the literature. This study aims to examine the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on tourists' travel intentions during the mass vaccination and normalization period by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The mediating role of risk reduction behavior between risk perception and travel intention is also investigated. An online survey was conducted with 1233 tourists in Türkiye. As a result of the Structural Equation Model (SEM), it was found that the variables of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control had a positive effect on tourists' travel intentions. However, no significant effect of the Covid-19 risk perception on travel intention was determined. When the mediation is tested, the effect of Covid-19 risk perception on travel intention became significant. Since most of our sample population was vaccinated (94.8%), tourists did not perceive Covid-19 as a risk at first. When they applied risk reduction behaviors, they began to perceive Covid-19 as a risk and realized that the pandemic was still not over and necessary precautions had to be taken. While this study emphasizes the importance of the mediation effect risk reduction behavior, it provides us with new ideas about the changes in the travel intention of tourists during the pandemic period.

Turkish cuisine is not based on a race. It is one of the world's richest cuisine in terms of cooking techniques, material diversity and basic titles, which feed on the brotherhood of cultures in a geography stretching from the Yellow Sea to the Americas. The main purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of the Turkish cuisine and culture on the emergence and spread of the products mentioned here to the world. This study asks the question "What are the foods that spread from Turkish cuisine to the world?". For this purpose, scientific articles, theses, symposium proceedings, travelogues, books, and magazines were examined. After a wide literature review yogurt, yufka, baklava, döner, mantı, pastırma, tel kadayıf, coffee, lohuk, Turkish delight, sherbet, sütlaç and güllaç, which are known and mentioned most in international literature and cuisines were chosen for a deeper research. The study has been limited to these products and with the documents published in English and Turkish. This research plans to provide information about the history of these products, some of which are disputed about their origin, such as yoghurt, baklava, döner, mantı and pastırma.

This study investigates the competitiveness of Alanya, a medical tourism destination in Türkiye, and determines appropriate strategies using the analytical hierarchy process and quality function deployment. Data were collected from medical tourism experts to gain managerial insights into the factors affecting the competitiveness of medical tourism. The findings show that medical tourists primarily focus on medical factors such as competence of doctor and quality of treatment. The main strategies to strengthen competitiveness are to create a healthcare-free zone, to increase the number of accredited health care providers, and to encourage the involvement of doctors in academic research and ongoing training. For researchers interested in assessing competitiveness in medical tourism destinations, the study presents general determinants that should be considered in each destination. In addition, the findings show that each medical tourism destination should focus on its own determinants of medical tourism competitiveness when developing its marketing strategies. Finally, it shows that the analytical hierarchy process and quality function deployment approaches can be successfully applied in achieving destination competitiveness and strategic planning, with content validity and importance performance analysis.

Destinations offer various tastes to visitors as tourism products. Experiencing these delicacies is considered necessary for the tourists' travel motivation. Tourists travel to these destinations to increase their travel motivations and to have unique gastronomic experiences. In this sense, this study aims to determine the effects of gastronomic experience and food image on the individuals’ intentions to eat Hatay's local foods. In this context, data of the study was collected from 371 individuals who had gastronomic experiences in the province of Hatay, using the survey technique. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. In this context, validity, reliability, and path analyses were performed. As a result of the path analysis, it was concluded that gastronomic experience and food image have significant impacts on the intention to eat local foods.

Tourism security is linked to the well-being, physical, psychological and economic integrity of visitors, service providers and members of the host communities and plays a very important role when people choose a tourist destination, hence the need to analyze the scientific production associated with the topic. The present study aims to use bibliometric indicators to review the relevant literature related to tourism security in the period 2002-2021. The information and the main trends in this area are represented and mapped using the following software: EndNote, Excel, Bibexcel and VOSviewer. During the period analyzed, a total of 59 original articles were registered in the Sciencidirect and Scielo databases. The analysis indicates that the literature on tourism safety is growing gradually, however, it is considered insufficient; a total of 26 journals are included in the study where the journal Estudios y perspectivas en turismo is the leader in the field of research registering 24% of the total published research. As for the keyword analysis, the main lines of productivity are focused on the relationship between security and tourism, destination image, risk perception, public safety, customer satisfaction and Covid-19. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is a trigger for the growth of research related to the field of research under analysis. In conclusion, the limitation of this research is that only two databases were taken into account and that through the search strategy used, some works might not have been identified, in addition to the fact that the study can be expanded with the inclusion of other bibliometric indicators.

This article aims to describe pilgrimage tourism in the Uttarakhand Himalaya: pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Pilgrimages – highlands and valleys are the main centers of spiritual tourism in the Uttarakhand Himalaya. Data on pilgrims’ inflow in the major pilgrimage centers from 2000 to 2018 were gathered from the Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board, Dehradun. The pilgrims from Indian subcontinents and abroad have been visiting the pilgrimage centers for time immemorial. Inflows of pilgrims in the pilgrimage centers vary from the river valley pilgrimages to the highland pilgrimages. Haridwar, a valley pilgrimage, receives the highest inflow of pilgrims, which is more than 50% of the total pilgrims’ inflows. Meanwhile, Yamunotri, a highland pilgrimage has the lowest inflow of pilgrims from within and outside countries. The main reason for the change in the number of pilgrims in these highland and valley pilgrimages was the availability of infrastructural facilities in the form of transportation and accommodation. In terms of the trends of pilgrims’ inflows during the period, it is not uniform. The state of Uttarakhand is highly vulnerable to climate-induced calamities, which are highly catastrophic, and leads to land degradation and roadblocks. The pilgrimage season in the Himalaya falls during the monsoon season when happy rainfall occurs. High rainfall variability has led to changing the number of pilgrims. This study reveals that pilgrimage tourism has immense potential for the economic development of the Uttarakhand Himalaya if suitable tourism infrastructural facilities are provided.

COVID-19 outbreak is global disease that impact most of industries in the world. Tourism is one of industry shocked by COVID-19. Curfew policy and social distance caused most of tourism sector such as tourism, hotel, and restaurant were closed. The purpose of this study is to analyze financial statement of tourism industries in Indonesia and Türkiye using financial ratio analysis. We employ financial analysis of credit (risk) analysis and profitability analysis during lockdown. We employ 27 financial statements of tourism firms in both countries in 2020. Based on the result, we found that profitability ratio that have significant differences in both countries such as ROA, ROE, and net margin. Although other measurement such as, current asset ratio, quick ratio, asset turn over, debt to equity ratio, and short term debt to equity ratio have no significant. The result informs that tourism of listed firms in Indonesia and Türkiye have significantly difference in profitability ratio. However, capability of managing liquidity, utilizing asset and managing capital structure and solvency has no significant difference. The result implies that tourism industries both in Indonesia and Türkiye have similar issues in liquidity, utilizing asset, and solvency, because they have to face diminishing income during COVID-19. Hence, it will effect on the liquidity.

Bu araştırmanın amacı, kahve konusunu odak noktasına almış yerli alanyazındaki Türkçe makale ve tezlerden hareketle, gastronomi alanının disipliner yapısını araştırmaktır. Bu amaçtan hareketle sistematik derleme kıstaslarına göre kahve konulu tez ve makaleler taranmış ve araştırma sorularına göre incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda 18.01.2023 tarihinde “kahve” anahtar kelimesi kullanılarak filtrelenen makale ve tezlerin başlık ve özetleri incelenmiş, 87 makale ve 226 tez araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Kahve konulu yayınlar disipliner farklılığı açısından incelendiğinde, hem lisansüstü tezler hem de makaleler açısından multidisipliner alanın çok baskın olduğu görülmektedir. Multidisipliner araştırmaların arkasından pazarlama, turizm işletmeciliği ve işletme gibi interdisipliner araştırmaların yoğun olduğu görülmektedir. Kahve temalı makaleler ve gastronomi anabilim dalı altında hazırlanan tezler incelendiğinde tüketici tutum ve davranışının en fazla odaklanılan konu olduğu fark edilmiştir. Buradan hareketle, gastronominin kendisini açıklama hususunda pazarlama alanından önemli oranda beslendiği görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak kahve konusuna yönelik multidisipliner ve interdisipliner akademik ilginin, gastronomi araştırmalarının ana yapısındaki çeşitliliği çok iyi bir şekilde yansıttığı söylenebilir. Bu sonuçtan hareketle, gastronominin kendi başına bir sosyal bilim disiplini olabilmesi için gastronomi alanının sınırlarını belirleyici nitelikli ve özgün araştırmalar yapılması gerektiği ileri sürülebilir.

Bu çalışmada, turizm alanında önde gelen uluslararası dergilerde Endüstri 4.0 ve uygulamalarını konu alan makalelerin ağ analizleri ve bibliyometrik yöntemlerle incelenmesiyle ilgili bilgi birikimine katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Temmuz 2021’de 1978-2021 yılları arasında Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanında Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism kategorisindeki dergilerde yayınlanan 677 makale analize dâhil edilmiştir. Makalelerin bibliyometrik analizinde, yıllara ve yayınlanan dergilere göre makale ve atıf sayıları, yazar sayılarına göre makale sayıları, bu alanda en fazla çalışma yapan ilk 20 yazar, yazarların akademik üretkenlikleri, bu alandaki araştırmalarda en fazla kullanılan anahtar kelimeler, ülkelerin ve kurumların akademik üretkenlikleri ile en fazla atıf alan makalelere yer verilmiştir. Görselleştirme ve haritalamada ise VOSviewer programı kullanılmış olup dergilerin ortak atıf ağ analizine, ortak yazarlık ağ analizine, anahtar kelimelerin ortak kullanım sıklığına ve iş birliği yapan ülkelerin ve kurumların ağ analizine yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları makale ve atıf sayısının 2019 yılından itibaren hızla arttığını, Tourism Management dergisinin bu alanda öncü bir dergi olduğunu, Law’un en çok çalışma yapan ve Jung ve Dieck’in en çok atıf alan yazarlar olduğunu, makalelerin büyük çoğunlukla iki veya daha fazla yazarlı olduğunu, büyük çoğunluğunun multidisipliner çalışmalardan oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Anahtar kelimeler olarak en fazla büyük veri, sanal gerçeklik, akıllı turizm, yapay zekâ ve turizm kelimelerinin kullanıldığı, en üretken ülkenin ABD, en üretken kurumun ise Hong Kong Polytechnic University olduğu ve en fazla atıf alan ilk iki makalenin sanal gerçeklik ve büyük veri alanlarında yapıldığı elde edilen diğer sonuçlar arasındadır.