Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 10 Sayfa Aralığı: 1982 - 1986 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371 İndeks Tarihi: 27-05-2023

Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins

Öz:
Mycotoxin is a worldwide problem threatening animal health and performance as well as public health. The objective of this experiment was to test the effect of ammonization on elimination of common mycotoxins in laying hen compound feed (CF) and dairy cattle total mixed ration (TMR). The CF for laying hens and TMR for dairy cows were contaminated with commonly occurring mycotoxins [aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and zearalenone (ZEA)] at 25 times of their accepted legal limits (20 ppb, 200 ppb and 500 ppb, respectively). They were then subjected to ammonization with ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) at 50C for 24 hours under the atmospheric pressure. Mycotoxin levels were analyzed using the LC-MS/MS technique. The elimination levels in CF and TMR were 53% and 54% for AFB1; 31% and 31% for OTA and 22% and 22% for ZEA, respectively. In conclusion, ammonization was effective in destroying common mycotoxin, at an order of AFB1 > OTA > ZEA.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Alberts JF, Gelderblom WCA, Botha A, van Zyl WH. 2009. Degradation of aflatoxin B1 by fungal laccase enzymes. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 135: 47-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.07.022.
  • Atalla MM, Hassanein NM, El-Beih AA, Youssef YA. 2004. Effects of fluorescent and UV light on mycotoxin production under different relative humidities in wheat grains. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6: 1006-1012.
  • Bagley EB. 1979. Decontamination of corn containing aflatoxin by treatment with ammonia. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 56: 808-811. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/BF02909524.
  • Bennet GA, Shotwell OL, Hesseltine CW 1980. Destruction of zearalenone in contaminated corn. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 80: 245-247. https://doi.org/10.1007/ BF02668251.
  • Bennett JW. 1987. Mycotoxins, mycotoxicoses, mycotoxicology and mycopathologia. Mycopathologia. 100: 3-5. https:// doi.org/10.1007/BF00769561.
  • Bitay Z, Glavits R, Sellyey G. 1979. Feeding experiments on broiler chickens with ochraxoin A, patulin, T-2 and butenolide. Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja, 34: 417-422.
  • Brekke OL, Peplinski AJ, Lancater EB. 1977a. Aflatoxin inactivation in corn by aqua ammonia. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 20: 1160-1168. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35721.
  • Brekke OL, Peplinski AJ, Nofsinger GW, Conway HF, Stringfellow AC, Montgomery RR, Silman RW, Sohns VE, Bagley EB. 1979. Aflatoxin inactivation in corn by ammonia gas: a field trial. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 22: 425-432. https://doi.org/ 10.13031/2013.35033.
  • Brekke OL, Sinnhuber RO, Peplinski AJ, Wales JH, Putnam GB, Lee DJ, Ciegler A. 1977b. Aflatoxin in corn: ammonia inactivation and bioassay with rainbow trout. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 34: 34-37. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.34.1.34-37.1977.
  • Chelkowski J, Golinski P, Godlewska B, Radomyska W, Szebiotko K, Wiewirowska M. 1981. Mycotoxins in cereal grain. Part IV. Inactivation of ochratoxin A and other mycotoxins during ammoniation. Nahrung, 25: 631-637. https://doi.org/10.1002/food.19810250705.
  • Diao E, Li X, Zhang Z, Ma W, Ji N, Dong H. 2015. Ultraviolet irradiation detoxification of aflatoxins: a review. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 42: 64-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.12.001.
  • Dierheimer G. 1998. Recent advances in the genotoxicity of mycotoxins. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 149: 585-590.
  • Empfehlung der Kommission, betreffend das Vorhandensein von Deoxynivalenol, Zearalenon, Ochratoxin A, T-2- und HT-2- Toxin sowie von Fumonisien zur Verfütterung an Tiere bestimmten Erzeugnissen. Amtsblatt der Europäischen Union, 2006/576/EG, vom 17. August 2006.
  • Gabal MA, Azzam AH. 1998. Interaction of aflatoxin in the feed and immunization against selected infectious diseases in poultry. II. Effect on one day old layer chicks simultaneously vaccinated against Newcastle diseases infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease. Avian Pathology, 27: 290-295. https://doi.org)10.1080/03079459808419338.
  • Gomma EG. 1987. Effect of alkalies on aflatoxins in solutions and in biscuits and cakes. Ain Shams Engineering Journal. 8: 23- 37.
  • Gregorio MC, Neeff DV, Jager AV, Corassin CH, Pinho Carao AC, Albuquerque R, Azevedo C, Oliviera CAF. 2014. Mineral adsorbents for prevention of mycotoxins in animal feeds. Toxin Reviews. 1-11. https://doi.org/ 10.3109/15569543.2014.905604.
  • Grove MD, Plattner RD, Peterson RE. 1984. Detection of Aflatoxin D1 in Ammoniated corn by mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 48: 887-889.
  • Hawortha SR, Lawlor TE, Zeiger E, Park DL. 1989. Mutagenic potential of ammonia-related aflatoxin reaction products in a model system. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 66: 102-104. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02661794.
  • Huwig A, Freimund S, Kappeli O, Dutler H. 2001. Mycotoxin detoxication of animal feed by different adsorbents. Toxicology Letters, 122: 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00360-5.
  • Ismaiel AA, Papenbrock J. 2015. Mycotoxins: producing fungi and mechanisms of phytotoxicity. Agriculture, 3: 492-537. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture5030492.
  • Jalili M, Jinap S, Noranizan A. 2010. Effect of gamma radiation on reduction of mycotoxins in black pepper. Food Control, 21: 1388–1393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2010. 04.012.
  • Jaynes WF, Zartman RE, Hudnall WH. 2007. Aflatoxin B1 adsorption by clays from water and corn meal. Applied Clay Science, 36: 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2006. 06.012.
  • Jensen AH, Brekke OL, Frank GR, Peplinski AJ. 1977. Acceptance and utilization by swine of aflatoxin-contaminated corn treated with aqueous or gaseous ammonia. Journal of Animal Science, 45: 8-12. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1977.4518.
  • Ji C, Fan Y, Zhao L. 2016. Review on biological degradation of mycotoxins. Animal Nutrition. 2: 127-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2016.07.003.
  • Koltun PS. 1986. Aflatoxin inactivation of undelinted cottonseed by ammoniation. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 63: 533-534. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02645745.
  • Kong Q, Zhai C, Guan B, Li C, Shan S, Yu J. 2012. Mathematic modeling for optimum condition on aflatoxin B1 degradation by the aerobic bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis. Toxins, 4: 1181-1195. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins4111181.
  • Kuiper-Goodman T, Scott PM, Watanabe H. 1987. Risk assessment of the mycotoxin zearalenone. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 7: 253-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2300(87)90037-7.
  • Kwon OS, Schmued LC, Slikker JrW. 1997. Fumonisin B1 in developing rats alters brain sphinganine levels and myelination. Neurotoxicology, 18: 571-579.
  • Lee LS, Koltun SP, Stanley JB. 1984. Ammoniation of aflatoxin B1 in a pressure chamber used to decontaminate toxin-containing cottonseed meal. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 61: 1607-1608. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02541643.
  • Lee LS, Stanley JB, Cucullu AF, Pons WA, Goldblatt LA. 1974. Ammoniation of aflatoxin B1: isolation and identification of the major reaction product. Journal-Association of Official Chemists, 57: 626-631. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/ 57.3.626.
  • McKenzie KS, Sarr AB, Mayura K, Bailey RH, Miller DR, Rogers TD, Norred WP, Voss KA, Plattner RD, Kubena LF, Phillips TD. 1997. Oxidative degradation and detoxification of mycotoxins using a novel source of ozone. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 35: 807-820. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0278- 6915(97)00052-S.
  • Moss MO. 1991. The environmental factors controlling mycotoxin formation, in: Smith, J.E., Henderson, R.S. (Eds.), Mycotoxins and Animal Foods. CRC Press, Florida, pp. 37- 56.
  • Müller HM. 1983. A survey of methods of decontaminating mycotoxins. Part II chemical methods and reactions with components of feedstuffs. Übersicht Tierernach. 11: 7-37.
  • Norred W. 1982. Ammonia treatment to destroy aflatoxins in corn. Journal of Food Protection, 45: 972-976. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-45.10.972.
  • Norred WP, Voss KA, Bacon CW, Riley RT. 1991. Effectiveness of ammonia treatment in detoxification of fumonisin- contaminated corn. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 29: 815- 819. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(91)90108-J.
  • Piva GFP, Galvano FRD, Pietri AAP, Piva ARD. 1995. Detoxification methods of aflatoxins. A review. Nutrition Research, 15: 767-776. https://doi.org/10.1016/0271- 5317(95)00042-H
  • Price RL, Lough OG, Brown WH. 1982. Ammoniation of whole cottonseed at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature to reduce aflatoxin M1 in milk. Journal of Food Protection, 45: 341-344.
  • Samarajeewa U, Sen AC, Cohen MD, Wei CI. 1990. Detoxification of aflatoxins in foods and feeds by physical and chemical methods. Journal of Food Protection, 53: 489- 501. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-53.6.489.
  • Smith EE, Kubena LF, Braithwaite RB, Harvey RB, Philips TD, Reine AH. 1992. Toxicological evaluation of aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 71: 1136-1144. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0711136.
  • Sutter D, Mazzotti M. 2017. Solubility and growth kinetics of ammonium bicarbonate in aqueous solution. Crystal Growrth and Design. 6: 3048-3054. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.6b01751.
  • Swenson DH. 1981. Metabolic activation and detoxification of aflatoxin. Reviews in Biochemical Toxicology, 3: 155-192.
  • Wang J, Ogata M, Hirai H, Kawagishi H. 2011 Detoxification of aflatoxin B1 by manganese peroxidase from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 314: 164-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574- 6968.2010.02158.x.
  • Wild CP, Gong YY. 2012. Mycotoxins and human disease: a largely ignored global health issue. Carcinogenesis, 31: 71- 82. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgp264.
  • Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal C, Kuca K. 2009. Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 41: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602530 802563850.
APA Doğan V, Hayirli A (2022). Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. , 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
Chicago Doğan Veysel,Hayirli Armagan Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. (2022): 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
MLA Doğan Veysel,Hayirli Armagan Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. , 2022, ss.1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
AMA Doğan V,Hayirli A Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. . 2022; 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
Vancouver Doğan V,Hayirli A Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. . 2022; 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
IEEE Doğan V,Hayirli A "Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins." , ss.1982 - 1986, 2022. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
ISNAD Doğan, Veysel - Hayirli, Armagan. "Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins". (2022), 1982-1986. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
APA Doğan V, Hayirli A (2022). Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, 10(10), 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
Chicago Doğan Veysel,Hayirli Armagan Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi 10, no.10 (2022): 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
MLA Doğan Veysel,Hayirli Armagan Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, vol.10, no.10, 2022, ss.1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
AMA Doğan V,Hayirli A Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi. 2022; 10(10): 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
Vancouver Doğan V,Hayirli A Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi. 2022; 10(10): 1982 - 1986. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
IEEE Doğan V,Hayirli A "Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins." Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, 10, ss.1982 - 1986, 2022. 10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371
ISNAD Doğan, Veysel - Hayirli, Armagan. "Efficacy of Ammonization to Eliminate Common Mycotoxins". Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi 10/10 (2022), 1982-1986. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1982-1986.5371