Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties

Bayram, Mustafa; ÖNEN, Hüseyin; Özgöz, Engin; GÜNAL, HİKMET; ACİR, Nurullah

Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties

Engin ÖZGÖZ, (Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü, Tokat, Türkiye)

Hikmet GÜNAL, (Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü, Tokat, Türkiye)

Hüseyin ÖNEN, (Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Tokat, Türkiye)

Mustafa BAYRAM, (Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü, Tokat, Türkiye)

Nurullah ACİR (Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü, Tokat, Türkiye)

Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

2 0

Yıl: 2012 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 77 - 91 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties

Öz:

Bu çalışmanın amacı, toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin mesafeye ve zamana bağlı değişimlerini belirlemek ve çeltik tarımının ürün rotasyonuna girmesi ile olabilecek farklılıkları karakterize etmektir. Yaklaşık 45 ha büyüklüğündeki çalışma alanı 100 m×100 mlik gridlere ayrılarak Mayıs 2005 ve 2011de 0-20 cm ve 20-40 cm derinliklerden toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Gravimetrik nem içeriği (GWC), hacim ağırlığı (BD), penetrasyon direnci (PD) ve agregat stabilitesinin (AgS) değişimlerinin yapısını modellemek için jeoistatistiksel metotlar kullanılmıştır. GWC, BD ve PR için varyasyon katsayıları 0-20 cm derinlikte sırası ile %17.5, %7.1 ve %25.0 ve 20-40 cm derinlikte ise %12.8, %6.7 ve %17.1dir. Çalışma alanındaki arazilerin çoğunda yüzey ve altında BD (1.47 g cm-3) ve alt topraktaki PR değerleri (>2 MPa) eşik değerleri aşmıştır. GWC ve PRnin 0-20 cm ve 20-40 cm derinliklerdeki zamansal değişimi istatistiksel olarak önemli (P<0.01) iken BDnin yalnızca 20-40 cm derinlikteki değişimi istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. GWC, BD ve PRnin mesafeye bağlı bağımlılıklarının devam ettiği mesafeler 2005 yılında 72 m ile 433 m arasında ve 2011 yılında ise 40 ile 1524 m arasında değişmiştir. Mesafeye bağlı bağımlılık 0-20 cm derinlikte GWC, BD ve PR için orta derecede iken AgSnin mesafeye bağımlılığının güçlü olduğu görülmüştür. Toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin mesafeye bağlı değişimini gösteren haritalar, toprak kalitesinin bozunmasının önüne geçebilmek için gerekli tedbirleri almak ve kısıtlayıcı faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla faydalı bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelime: toprak amenajmanı ekim nöbeti penetrasyon direnci toprak fiziksel özellikleri volüm ağırlığı Oryza sativa agregat uzaysal dağılım pirinç(çeltik) zamansal değişim toprak su içeriği harita istatistiksel analizler toprak yoğunluğu

Konular: Çevre Bilimleri

Fiziksel toprak özelliklerinin mesafeye ve zamana bağlı değişimine arazi kullanımının etkisi

Öz:

The purpose of this study was to characterize spatial and temporal variations in soil physical properties and to examine possible differences that might occur when the crop rotation shifted to rice cultivation. Soil samples from 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depth were collected on a 100×100 m grid basis over a 45 ha field, in May 2005 and May 2011. The geostatistical methods were used to model the variance structure of gravimetric water content (GWC), soil bulk density (BD), penetration resistance (PR) and aggregate stability (AgS). The coefficient of variations were 17.5% for GWC, 7.1% for BD, and 25.0% for PR at surface and 12.8% for GWC, 6.7% for BD, and 17.1% for PR at subsurface. PR at subsurface (>2MPa) and BD at surface and subsurface soils (1.47 g cm-3) exceeded the threshold values in some fields of the study area. Temporal variations of GWC and PR at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths were significant (P<0.01) while BD was significantly varied only at 20-40 cm. Spatial correlation ranges of GWC, BD and PR varied from 72 m to 433 m in 2005 and 40 to 1524 m in 2011. The spatial dependences of GWC, BD and PR at surface were moderate, and AgS had strong dependency at this depth. The spatial distribution maps of soil physical attributes are useful in identifying the limiting factors and take necessary precaution to prevent further loss of soil quality.

Anahtar Kelime: aggregates spatial distribution rice temporal variation soil water content maps statistical analysis soil density soil management rotations resistance to penetration soil physical properties bulk density Oryza sativa

Konular: Çevre Bilimleri

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Özgöz E, GÜNAL H, ÖNEN H, Bayram M, ACİR N (2012). Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. , 77 - 91.
Chicago	Özgöz Engin,GÜNAL HİKMET,ÖNEN Hüseyin,Bayram Mustafa,ACİR Nurullah Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. (2012): 77 - 91.
MLA	Özgöz Engin,GÜNAL HİKMET,ÖNEN Hüseyin,Bayram Mustafa,ACİR Nurullah Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. , 2012, ss.77 - 91.
AMA	Özgöz E,GÜNAL H,ÖNEN H,Bayram M,ACİR N Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. . 2012; 77 - 91.
Vancouver	Özgöz E,GÜNAL H,ÖNEN H,Bayram M,ACİR N Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. . 2012; 77 - 91.
IEEE	Özgöz E,GÜNAL H,ÖNEN H,Bayram M,ACİR N "Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties." , ss.77 - 91, 2012.
ISNAD	Özgöz, Engin vd. "Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties". (2012), 77-91.

APA	Özgöz E, GÜNAL H, ÖNEN H, Bayram M, ACİR N (2012). Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 77 - 91.
Chicago	Özgöz Engin,GÜNAL HİKMET,ÖNEN Hüseyin,Bayram Mustafa,ACİR Nurullah Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 18, no.1 (2012): 77 - 91.
MLA	Özgöz Engin,GÜNAL HİKMET,ÖNEN Hüseyin,Bayram Mustafa,ACİR Nurullah Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol.18, no.1, 2012, ss.77 - 91.
AMA	Özgöz E,GÜNAL H,ÖNEN H,Bayram M,ACİR N Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi. 2012; 18(1): 77 - 91.
Vancouver	Özgöz E,GÜNAL H,ÖNEN H,Bayram M,ACİR N Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi. 2012; 18(1): 77 - 91.
IEEE	Özgöz E,GÜNAL H,ÖNEN H,Bayram M,ACİR N "Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties." Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 18, ss.77 - 91, 2012.
ISNAD	Özgöz, Engin vd. "Effect of management on spatial and temporal distribution of soil physical properties". Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 18/1 (2012), 77-91.