MikroRNA Biyogenezi
Yıl: 2015 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 211 - 218 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022
MikroRNA Biyogenezi
Öz: Öz: MikroRNAlar (miRNA) kodlama yapmayan 21-24 nükleotid uzunluğunda RNA molekülleridir. Genel olarak translasyonun baskılanmasına veya mRNAnın yıkımlanmasına neden olurlar. MikroRNA ilk keşfedildiğinde solucanlarda olağandışı spesifik gen ekspresyon mekanizması olarak düşünülmesine rağmen, artık günümüzde ökaryotlarda önemli gen ekspresyon düzenleyicisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. MikroRNA biyogenezi çekirdekte RNA polimeraz II aracılığında transkripsiyon ile başlar ve hairpin yapısında olgun miRNA dizisini içeren uzun miRNA (pri-miRNA)dan oluşur. Hairpin yapısı Drosha (RNAaz III enzimi) ve kofaktörü DiGeorge kritik sendrom bölgesi 8 (DGCR8)den oluşan mikroprosesör tarafından kesilir. Oluşan prekürsör miRNA (pre-miRNA) nükleustan Exportin-5 ile sitoplazmaya taşınır ve diğer RNAaz III enzimi olan Dicer tarafından 21-24 nükleotid uzunluğundaki dubleks miRNAya kesilir. Olgun diziye kesilecek olan iplik miRNA, RNA indüklenmiş susturma kompleksinde (RISC) Argonautea yüklenir. MikroRNAnın 2-8 nükleotidlik çekirdek dizisi hedef mRNA ile tam olarak eşlendiğinde mRNAnın destabilizasyonu sağlanır. Ancak tam olarak eşlenmediği zaman translasyonal baskılanmaya neden olur. MikroRNAların gelişim, farklılaşma ve diğer fizyolojik fonksiyonlarda önemli rol aldığı gösterilmesine rağmen, düzensiz ifadesi durumunda farklı patolojik olaylar ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. MikroRNA biyogenezinin farklı fizyolojik süreçlerde ve hastalıklarda epigenetik etkisinin moleküler düzeyde anlaşılmasının potansiyel önemi bulunmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
MicroRNA Biogenesis
Öz: Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are non-coding RNA molecules with 21-24 nucleotide length. Basically, miRNAs cause either inhibition of protein translation or degradation of mRNA. Although it was thought to be an unusual specific gene expression mechanism when first discovered, it is now accepted as a pivotal regulator of gene expression. Biogenesis of miRNA begins with RNA polymerase II in nucleus and turns out to be long hairpin that contains mature long miRNA sequence (pri-miRNA). Hairpin structure is cleaved by microprocessor complex composed of Drosha (RNAse III) and DiGeorge critical syndrome region 8 (DGCR8). Pre-miRNA is transported by Exportin 5 from nucleus to cytoplasm and in turn cleaved to 21-24 nucleotide long miRNA duplex by RNAse III (Dicer). The strand converted to mature sequence is loaded to Argonaute on RNA induced silencing complex (RISC). MicroRNAs has seed a sequence, 2-8 nucleotide in length. When the seed sequence binds to target mRNA with a perfect complementarity, it destabilizes the mRNA. However, when it binds to target mRNA with imperfect complementarity, causes the inhibition of translation. Although miRNAs play role in development, differentiation, and other physiological events, aberrant expression of miRNA is associated with different pathological conditions. The understanding of epigenetic effect of miRNA biogenesis on different physiological processes and diseases has potential importance at the molecular level.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | HİTİT M, KURAR E, GÜZELOĞLU A (2015). MikroRNA Biyogenezi. , 211 - 218. |
| Chicago | HİTİT Mustafa,KURAR Ercan,GÜZELOĞLU Aydın MikroRNA Biyogenezi. (2015): 211 - 218. |
| MLA | HİTİT Mustafa,KURAR Ercan,GÜZELOĞLU Aydın MikroRNA Biyogenezi. , 2015, ss.211 - 218. |
| AMA | HİTİT M,KURAR E,GÜZELOĞLU A MikroRNA Biyogenezi. . 2015; 211 - 218. |
| Vancouver | HİTİT M,KURAR E,GÜZELOĞLU A MikroRNA Biyogenezi. . 2015; 211 - 218. |
| IEEE | HİTİT M,KURAR E,GÜZELOĞLU A "MikroRNA Biyogenezi." , ss.211 - 218, 2015. |
| ISNAD | HİTİT, Mustafa vd. "MikroRNA Biyogenezi". (2015), 211-218. |
| APA | HİTİT M, KURAR E, GÜZELOĞLU A (2015). MikroRNA Biyogenezi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(3), 211 - 218. |
| Chicago | HİTİT Mustafa,KURAR Ercan,GÜZELOĞLU Aydın MikroRNA Biyogenezi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 10, no.3 (2015): 211 - 218. |
| MLA | HİTİT Mustafa,KURAR Ercan,GÜZELOĞLU Aydın MikroRNA Biyogenezi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol.10, no.3, 2015, ss.211 - 218. |
| AMA | HİTİT M,KURAR E,GÜZELOĞLU A MikroRNA Biyogenezi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2015; 10(3): 211 - 218. |
| Vancouver | HİTİT M,KURAR E,GÜZELOĞLU A MikroRNA Biyogenezi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2015; 10(3): 211 - 218. |
| IEEE | HİTİT M,KURAR E,GÜZELOĞLU A "MikroRNA Biyogenezi." Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 10, ss.211 - 218, 2015. |
| ISNAD | HİTİT, Mustafa vd. "MikroRNA Biyogenezi". Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 10/3 (2015), 211-218. |
