Yıl: 2015 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 297 - 306 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü

Öz:
İnsanlar ile hayvanlar arasındaki ilişkiler oldukça eskilere dayanmaktadır. Özellikle evcil hayvan sahipliği ve evcil hayvan terapisi gibi uygulamalar günümüzde bireylerin iyilik hali açısından evcil hayvanları daha önemli bir konuma getirmektedir. Evcil hayvanların bu işlevi, özellikle yaşlılık konusunda da büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada da, evcil hayvanların gündelik yaşam, bakım hizmetleri ve kayıp süreci açısından yaşlı bireylerin yaşamındaki rolü üzerinde durulması amaçlanmıştır. Sosyal ağların azaldığı, yakın çevrenin ve özellikle sevilen kişilerin kaybı ve çeşitli sağlık sorunlarının en yoğun ortaya çıktığı dönem olan yaşlılıkta, evcil hayvanların hem kurumsal hizmet hem de gündelik yaşam açısından faydaları oldukça fazladır. Bununla beraber bakım kurumları dışında yaşayan yaşlı bireylere de sosyal destek ve daha fazla hareket imkanı sağlamaktadırlar. Önemli bir diğer nokta ise, evcil hayvan sahiplerinin evcil hayvanları ile kurdukları duygusal bağlar ve hayvanın kaybı ile ortaya çıkacak yas sürecidir. Diğer kayıp biçimlerinden farklı olan evcil hayvan kaybının farkında olmak, yaşlı bireylerin bu süreci atlatmalarında sunulacak hizmetler açısından da daha faydalı olacaktır
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Beşeri Bilimler

The Role of Pets in the Lives of Older People

Öz:
The relation between human and animals is very old. Today, practices such as pet ownership and pet therapy bring pets into significant positions in relation to the well-being of people. The role of pets are particularly important in the case of aging. This study explores the role of pets in terms of everyday life, care services and mourning processes within the lives of older people. In old age, through the loss of social networks and loved ones, and also the period when health problems increases, there are many benefits brought by pets to both institutional services and everyday life. In addition to these, pet ownership provides opportunities for reaching social support and improving the level of physical activity level of older people. Other important points to mention are the bond that an older person forms with his pet, and the mourning which occurs during the period of bereavement of the pet. Being aware of the loss of the pet, differing from other types of loss, will be beneficial in terms of the services provided to older adults, to be able to overcome this process.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Beşeri Bilimler
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Albert A. & Bulcroft K. (1987). "Pets and Urban Life". Anthozoös 1/1 (1987) 9-25.
  • Ambaroğlu A. (2007). Türk Toplumunda Evcil Hayvan Besleme Alışkanlıkları ve Din (İstanbul Örneği). Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İlahiyat Anabilim Dalı, Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Dalı, İstanbul 2007.
  • Arkow P. (1992). Pet Therapy: A Study and Resource Guide for the Use of Companion Animals in Selected Therapies. Colorado 1992.
  • Arun Ö. & Karademir-Arun B. (2011). "Türkiye'de Yaşlı Kadının En Büyük Sorunu: Dulluk". Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 10/4 (2011) 1515 -1527.
  • Banks M. R. & Banks W. A. (2005). "The Effects of Group and Individual Animal-Assisted Therapy on Loneliness in Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities". Anthrozoös 18/4 (2005) 396-409.
  • Banks M. R., Willoughby L. M. & Banks W. A. (2008). "Animal-Assisted Therapy and Loneliness in Nursing Homes: Use of Robotic Versus Living Dogs". Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 9/3 (2008) 173-177.
  • Batson K., McCabe B., Baun M. M. & Wilson C. (1997). "The Effect of a Therapy Dog on Socialization and Physiological Indicators of Stress in Persons Diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease". Eds. C. C. Wilson & D. C. Turner. Companion Animals in Human Health (1997) 203-215. London.
  • Baun M. & McCabe B. (2003). "Companion Animals and Persons with Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type: Therapeutic Possibilities". American Behavioral Scientist 47/1 (2003) 42-51.
  • Beck A. M. (2000). "The Use of Animals to Benefit Humans, Animal-Assisted Therapy". Eds. A. H. Fine. The Handbook on Animal Assisted Therapy, Theoretical Foundations and Guidelines for Practice (2000) 21-40. New York.
  • Beverland M. B., Farrely F. & Lim E. A. (2008). "Exploring the Dark Side of Pet Ownership Status- and Control-Based Pet Consumption". Journal of Business Research 61 (2008) 490-496.
  • Bourdieu P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. London.
  • Brickel C. M. (1979). The Therapeutic Roles of Cat Mascots with a Hospital-Based Geriatric Population: A Staff Survey. The Gerontologist 19/4 (1979) 368-372.
  • Brown S. G. & Rhodes R. E. (2006). "Relationships Among Dog Ownership and Leisure-Time Walking in Western Canadian Adults". American Journal of Preventive Medicine 30/2 (2006) 131-136.
  • Butler R. N. (1995). "Living Alone". Eds. W. B. Abrams, M. H. Beers, R. Berkow & A. J. Feltcher. The Merck Manual of Geriatrics (1995) 1374-1379. New Jersey.
  • Cevizci S., Enginöz E. & Baltaş Z. (2009a). "İnsan Sağlığının İyileştirilmesine Yönelik Hayvan Destekli Tedaviler". TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin 8/3 (2009) 263-272.
  • Cevizci S., Enginöz E. & Baltaş Z. (2009b). "Ruh Sağlığının İyileştirilmesinde Destek Bir Tedavi Yaklaşım: Hayvan Destekli Tedavi". Nobel Medicus 5/1 (2009) 4-9.
  • Cole K. M. & Gawlinski A. (1995). "Animal-Assisted Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit: A Staff Nurse's Dream Comes True". The Nursing Clinics of North America 30/3 (1995) 529-537.
  • Cowles K. V. (1985). "The Death of a Pet: Human Responses to the Breaking of the Bond". Marriage & Family Review 8/3-4 (1985) 135-148.
  • Crowley-Robinson P. & Blackshaw J. K. (1998). "Nursing Home Staffs' Empathy for a Missing Therapy Dog, Their Attitudes to Animal Assisted Therapy Programs and Suitable Dog Breeds". Anthrozoös 11/2 (1998) 101-104.
  • Çağlar A. S. (1997). ",Go go dog ' and German Turks' Demand for Pet Dogs". Journal of Material Culture 2/1 (1997) 77-94.
  • Davis S. J. & Valla F. R. (1978). "Evidence for Domestication of the Dog 12,000 Years Ago in the Natufian of Israel". Nature 276/1 (1978) 608-610.
  • Doures M., Conty M. J. & More S. J. (2009). "Demography of the Pet Dog and Cat Population on the Island of Ireland and Human Factors Influencing Pet Ownership". Preventive Veterinary Medicine 92 (2009) 140-149.
  • Edwards N. E. & Beck A. M. (2002). "Animal-Assisted Therapy and Nutrition in Alzheimer's Disease". Western Journal of Nursing Research 24/6 (2002) 697-712.
  • Evans N. & Gray C. (2012). "The Practice and Ethics of Animal Assisted Therapy with Children and Young People: Is It Enough That We Don't Eat Our Co-Workers?". British Journal of Social Work 42/1 (2002) 600-617.
  • Gammonley J. & Yates J. (1991). "Pet Projects: Animal Assisted Therapy in Nursing Homes". Journal of Gerontological Nursing 17/1 (1991) 12-15.
  • Garrity T. F., Stallones L., Marx M. B. & Johnson T. P. (1989). "Pet Ownership and Attachment as Supportive Factors in the Health of the Elderly". Anthrozoös 3/1 (1989) 35-44.
  • Gilbey A. & Tani K. (2015). "Companion Animals and Loneliness: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies". Anthrozoos: A Multidisciplinary Journal of the Interactions of People & Animals 28/2 (2015) 181-197.
  • Gilbey A., McNicholas J. & Collis G. M. (2007). "A Longitudinal Test of the Belief That Companion Animal Ownership Can Help Reduce Loneliness". Anthorozoös: A Multidisciplinary Journal of the Interactions of People & Animals 20/4 (2007) 345-353.
  • Goodnow J., Tarbox S., Zamore E. & Zimmerman V. (2015). "Animal-Assisted Therapy in Long Term Care: A Review of the Literature". Book 2: Senior Nursing Poster Presentations 2015 (2015) 1-5. Keene.
  • Headey B. (2003). "Pet Ownership: Good for Health?". The Medical Journal of Australia 179/9 (2003) 460-461.
  • Huff-Mercer K. A. (2015). "Animal-Assisted Therapy and Application to Older Adults in Long Term Care". Journal of Arts & Humanities 4/5 (2015) 16-27.
  • Jegatheesan B. (2015). "Influence of Cultural and Religious Factors on Attitudes Towards Animals". Ed. A. H. Fine. Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy (2015) 37-42.
  • Johnson R. A. & Meadows R. L. (2002). "Older Latinos, Pets, and Health". Western Journal of Nursing Research 24/6 (2002) 609-620.
  • Karayağız-Muslu G. & Conk Z. (2011). "Hayvan Destekli Uygulamalar ve Çocuklarda Kullanımı". Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi 4/2 (2011) 83-88.
  • Keddie K. M. (1977). "Pathological Mourning After the Death of a Domestic Pet". The British Journal of Psychiatry 131/1 (1977) 21-25.
  • Knight S. & Edwards V. (2008). "In the Company of Wolves: The Physical, Social, and Psychological Benefits of Dog Ownership. Journal of Aging and Health 20/4 (2008) 437-455.
  • Koçak İ. (2009). Huzurevlerindeki Yaşlıların ve Sağlık Personelinin Evcil Hayvanlar ile Terapiye İlişkin Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik Programı, Ankara 2009.
  • Kongable G. L., Buckwalter K. C. & Stolley J. M. (1989). "The Effects of Pet Therapy on the Social Behavior of Institutionalized Alzheimer's Clients". Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 3/4 (1989) 191- 198.
  • Kranz J. M. & Schaaf S. (1989). "Nursing-Home Staff Attitudes Toward a Pet Visitation Program". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 25/1 (1989) 409-417.
  • Krause-Parello C. A. (2007). Relationships Among Loneliness, Human Social Support, Pet Attachment Support, and Subjective Well-Being in Older Adults. Doctoral Dissertation. New Jersey 2007.
  • Krause-Parello C. A. (2008). "The Mediating Effect of Pet Attachment Support Between Loneliness and General Health in Older Females Living in the Community". Journal of Community Health Nursing 25/1 (2008) 1-14.
  • Krause-Parello C. A. (2012). "Pet Ownership and Older Women: The Relationships Among Loneliness, Pet Attachment Support, Human Social Support and Depressed Mood". Geriatric Nursing 33/3 (2012) 194-203.
  • Lawton M. P. (1975). "Competence, Environmental Press and the Adaptation of Older People". Eds. P. Windly & G. Ernst. Theory Development in Environment and Aging (1975). Washington.
  • McConnel A. R., Brown C. M., Shada T. M., Stayton L. A. & Martin C. E. (2011). "Friends with Benefits: On the Positive Consequences of Pet Ownerhip". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 101/6 (2011) 1239-1252.
  • McGilton K. S. (2002). "Enhancing Relationships Between Care Providers and Residents in Long-Term Care". Journal of Gerontological Nursing 28/12 (2002) 13-21.
  • Mery F. (1968). The Life, History and Magic of the Dog. New York 1968.
  • O'Haire M. (2010). "Companion Animals and Human Health: Benefits, Challenges, and the Road Ahead". Journal of Veterinary Behavior 5/1 (2010) 226-234.
  • Ormerod E. (2005). "Companion Animals". Working with Older People 9/3 (2005) 23-27.
  • Parslow R. A. & Jorm A. F. (2003). "Pet Ownership and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: Another Look". The Medical Journal of Australia 179/9 (2003) 466-468.
  • Parslow R. A., Jorm A. F., Christensen H., Rodgers B. & Jacomp P. (2005). "Pet Ownership Ad Health in Older Adults: Findings from a Survey of 2551 Community-Based Autralians Aged 60-64". Gerontology 51/1 (2005) 40-47.
  • Plemons A. M. (2008). Commodifying Fido: Pets As Stutus Symbols. Master Thesis. Texas A&M University, Texas 2008.
  • Raina P., Waltner-Toews D., Bonnet B., Woodward C. & Abernathy T. (1999). "Influence of Companion Animals on the Physical and Psychological Health of Older People: An Analysis of a One-Year Longitudinal Study". Journal of American Geriatric Society 47/3 (1999) 323-329.
  • Risley-Curtiss C. (2010). "Social Work Practitioners and the Human-Animal Bond: A National Study". Social Work 55/1 (2010) 38-46.
  • Risley-Curtiss C., Holley L. C. & Wolf S. (2006a). "The Animal-Human Bond and Ethnic Diversity". Social Work 51/3 (2006) 257-268.
  • Rissley-Curtis C., Holley L. C., Curickshank T., Porcelli J., Rhoads C., Bacchus D. N. et al. (2006b). ",She Was Family': Women of Color and Animal-Human Connections". Affilia 21/4 (2006) 433-447.
  • Sable P. (1995). "Pets, Attachment, and Well-Being Across the Life Cycle". Social Work 40/3 (1995) 334-341.
  • Savishinsky J. (1985). "Pets and Family Relationship Among Nursing Home Residents". Marriage and Family Review 8/3-4 (1985) 109-134.
  • Savishinsky J. S. (1983). "Pet Ideas: the Domestication of Animals, Human Behavior and Human Emotions". Eds. A. H. Katcher & A. M. Beck. New Perspectives on Our Lives with Companion Animals (1983) 112-131. Philadelphia.
  • Schantz P. M. (1990). "Preventing Potential Health Hazards Incidental to the Use of Pets in Therapy". Anthrozoös 4/1 (1990) 14-23.
  • Siegel N. (1990). "An Article That Addresses Health and Senior Citizens That Have Pets". Journal of Pavlovian Biological Science 14/1 (1990) 104-107.
  • Simons L. A., Simons J., McCallum J. & Friedlander Y. (2000). "Pet Ownership Is Not Associated with Future Health: A Nine Year Prospective Study in Older Australians". Australasian Journal on Ageing 19/3 (2000) 139-142.
  • Stewart C. S., Thrus J. C., Paulus G. S. & Hafner P. (1985). "The Elderly's Adjustment to the Loss of a Companion Animal: People-Pet Dependency". Death Studies 9/5-6 (1985) 383-393.
  • Tijhuis M. A., DeJong-Gierveld J., Feskens E. J. & Kromhout D. (1999). "Changes and Factors Related to Loneliness in Older Men: The Zutphen Elderly Study". Age and Aging 28/5 (1999) 491-495.
  • Tucker J. S., Friedman S. H., Tsai C. M. & Martin L. R. (1995). "Playing With Pets and Longevity Among Older People". Psychology and Aging 10/1 (1995) 3-7.
  • Verderber S. (1991). "Elderly Persons' Appraisal of Animals in the Residential Environment". Anthrozoös 4/3 (1991) 164-173.
  • Walter-Towes D. (1993). "Zoonotic Disease Concerns in Animal Assisted Therapy and Animal Visitation Programs". Canadian Veterinary Journal 34/9 (1993) 549-551.
  • Weiss R. S. (1973). Loneliness: the Experience of Emotional and Social Isolation. Cambridge 1973.
  • Wells Y. & Rodi H. (2000). "Effects of Pet Ownership on the Health and Well-Being of Older People". Australasian Journal on Ageing 19/3 (2000) 143-148.
  • Wrobel T. A. & Dye A. L. (2003). "Grieving Pet Death: Normative, Gender and Attachment Issues". Omega 47/4 (2003) 385-393.
APA PAMUK D (2015). Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. , 297 - 306.
Chicago PAMUK Deniz Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. (2015): 297 - 306.
MLA PAMUK Deniz Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. , 2015, ss.297 - 306.
AMA PAMUK D Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. . 2015; 297 - 306.
Vancouver PAMUK D Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. . 2015; 297 - 306.
IEEE PAMUK D "Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü." , ss.297 - 306, 2015.
ISNAD PAMUK, Deniz. "Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü". (2015), 297-306.
APA PAMUK D (2015). Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 5(2), 297 - 306.
Chicago PAMUK Deniz Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi 5, no.2 (2015): 297 - 306.
MLA PAMUK Deniz Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, vol.5, no.2, 2015, ss.297 - 306.
AMA PAMUK D Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi. 2015; 5(2): 297 - 306.
Vancouver PAMUK D Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi. 2015; 5(2): 297 - 306.
IEEE PAMUK D "Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü." Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 5, ss.297 - 306, 2015.
ISNAD PAMUK, Deniz. "Yaşlı Bireylerin Yaşamında Evcil Hayvanların Rolü". Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi 5/2 (2015), 297-306.