Aim: We aimed to determine the cesarean indications of multiparous parturients who delivered with primary cesarean section at our institution between 2014 - 2015 and to compare these indications with cesarean indications of primiparous parturients. Materials and Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from the patient charts. Age, gravida, parity, number of abortus, indication of cesarean was recorded. The indications of primary cesarean for primiparous and multiparous parturients were determined. Results: We had 1021 cesarean patients in 2014, 1144 patients in 2015. 871 of them were primary cesareans. Of the primary cesareans, 692 were primiparous, 179 were multiparous. Age, gravidity, parity and number of abortus were recorded for the multiparous parturients. Mean age of multiparous parturients was 31,6±6,2 ; gravidity 3,47 ±1,58 ; parity 3,07± 1,27; number of abortus was 0,41 ±0,73. The most frequent indication of multiparous parturients for primary cesarean was fetal distress (33.5%). Following frequent indications were unprogressing labor and malpresentation respectively. There were no statistical correlation between the primary cesarean indication, parturients’ age, gravidity, parity and number of abortus in multiparous parturients. The most frequent primary cesarean indications in primiparous parturients were unprogressing labor (31,0%), cephalopelvic disproportion (23,4%) , fetal distress (20,2%). The distribution of primary cesarian ındications of primaparous and multiparous parturients were statistically significantly different. (p=0,000). Conclusions: Rate of cesarean section is increasing gradually. The distribution of primary cesarian ındications of primaparous and multiparous parturients were statistically significantly different. (p=0,000). Parturients who had vajinal birth before may undergo cesarean due to subjective reasons as unprogressing labor or fetal distress. To reduce the stress on obstetricians, to promote midwife assisted births and to increase the periodical midwife education may serve to decrease the gradual increase in cesarean rates.