Aim: The aim of this study is to compare sociocultural and economic status of infertile and fertile women and to determine their role in etiology of infertility. Material and Method: A questionnaire was applied to 64 infertile and 65 non-infertile totally 129 women who were admitted to the gynecology outpatient clinic of Bozok University Faculty of Medicine. This questionnaire consists of 16 questions that question age, job, education and financial status, family type, frequency of sexual intercourse, duration of infertility, awareness of ovulation time and stress level. Results: The mean age of infertile women was 27.8 ± 5.2 years, 32.0 ± 5.1 years in the control group, and there was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p<0.001). Mean duration of marriage of infertile women was significantly lower than control group (p<0.001). The mean duration of infertility of infertile women was 3.2 ± 2.7 years. When the family type was evaluated, infertile group had significantly more extended family structure than the control group (p=0.021). Awareness of ovulation time was significantly higher in the infertile group. (p=0.002). Conclusion: In our study, it was found that infertility was more common especially in those with extended family structure, low education level and low income level. Therefore, some changes in lifestyle, increase in education and financial status may cause a decrease in the frequency of infertility