Beliefs are protected in different forms in law systems. These forms are typically stated as “religion and belief”, “religion or belief” or “philosophical belief”. In some systems; religion, conscience, and belief is protected separately in the constitutional level whereas in some systems, all beliefs (such as the lack of a belief, untraditional beliefs, or even believe in climate change) are in protection under the concept ‘religion’. While this study is about how beliefs are protected, its focus is on a single example: an untraditional and nonreligious belief that is called Ethical Veganism. In the United States; courts are inclined to protect untraditional beliefs, and thus ethical Veganism, under the concept of religion. However, in continental Europe and in the United Kingdom, a system in which religions and untraditional beliefs are separately protected to practice. This study aims to examine how forms of beliefs are shaped and categorized under these different systems. In doing so, the procedures and criteria of the courts would be subject to discussion. In consideration of these examinations and in the case of Turkey; discussing what kind of a protection beliefs benefit from and to what extent untraditional beliefs (and ethical Veganism) can be protected under a anti-discrimination law, would be evident.