The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey)
Yıl: 2010 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 76 Sayfa Aralığı: 8 - 14 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022
The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey)
Öz: Bu çalışmada, zirai ve endüstriyel kirliliğe maruz bırakılmış Ceyhan nehri'nin, kirlilik seviyeleri ve bu kirliliğin Cyprinus carpio'nun karaciğer ve solungaç dokularındaki çeşitli biyomarkerlar üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Su ve balık örnekleri, Ceyhan Nehri'nin kirli bölgesi (istasyon II; kirli bölge) ve aynı nehir üstünde bulunan Aslantaş Barajı (istasyon I; kontrol bölgesi)'nın kret altından alınmıştır. Araştırma yaz ayları boyunca devam etmiş ve her çalışma bölgesinden 40 balıkta çalışılmıştır. İstasyon-II deki fizikokimyasal parametrelerden kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı, nitrit, nitrat, pH ve çözünmüş reaktif fosfor, istasyon I dekinden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sazanın karaciğer ve solungaç dokulardaki biyomarkerlarından Süperoksit Dismutaz (SOD), Katalaz (CAT), Glukoz-6-Fosfat Dehidrogenaz (G6PD), İndirgenmiş Glutatyon (GSH) ve Lipid Peroksidasyon (LPO) analiz edilmiştir. CAT, G6PD, GST ve GSH aktiviteleri, kirli bölgedeki balıkların karaciğer dokularında yüksek seviyelerde gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca SOD ve LPO miktarları (karaciğer ve solungaç için P<0,05) da kirli bölgede oldukça yüksek bulunmuştur.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Ceyhan Nehri (Adana-Türkiye)'nin fiziko-kimyasal parametrelerine karşı Doğa sazan (Cyprinus carpio)'ında biyokimyasal indikatörler (biyomarkerlar)'in belirlenmesi
Öz: In this study, the levels of pollution in the Ceyhan River (Turkey), subjected to agricultural and industrial pollution, and the effects of these pollutants on the gill and liver tissues, used as biomarkers of Cyprinus carpio were analyzed. Water and fish samples were taken from the polluted region of the Ceyhan River (station II; polluted region) and from the area under the crest of the Aslantaþ Dam (station I; control region) located on the same river. The research was carried out during the summer months and 40 fish from each region were studied. The physico-chemical parameters indicated that the water at station II had higher chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, nitrite, pH, and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) than at station I. The biomarkers examined in the liver and gill tissues of the carp were superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) as well as glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The activities of CAT, G6PD, GST and GSH were observed by the high levels in the liver tissues of the fish in the polluted region. Also, SOD and LPO amounts (P<0.05 in gill and liver) were also detected as substantially high in the contaminated region.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Ahmad I, Pacheco M, Santos MA (2004) Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as an adaptation to phagocyte-induced damage in Anguilla anguilla L. following in situ harbor water exposure. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 57, 290-302.
- Ahmad I, Oliveira M, Pacheco M, Santos MA (2005) Anguilla anguilla L. oxidative stress biomarkers responses to copper exposure with or without ß-naphthoflavone pre-exposure. Chemosphere 61, 267-275.
- Anonymous (1996) Water quality assessments: a guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring. 2nd edition, Geneva.
- Anonymous (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and waste-water. In: Clesceri LS, Greenberg AE, Eaton AD (eds), 20th edition, Washington.
- Bagenal TB, Tesch FW (1978) Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
- Beutler E (1975) Red Cell Metabolism. A manual of biochemical methods. Grune and Stratton Inc., New York.
- Camargo MMP, Martinez CBR (2006) Biochemical and physiological biomarkers in submitted to in situ tests in an urban stream in southern Brazil. Environmental Toxicology Pharmacology 21, 61-69.
- Cicik B (2003) Bakır-Çinko Etkileşiminin Sazan (Cyprinus carpio L.)`nın Karaciğer, Solungaç ve Kas Dokularındaki Metal Birikimi Üzerine Etkileri. Ekoloji 48, 32-36.
- Depledge MH, Aagaard A, Györkös R (1995) Assessment of trace metal toxicity using molecular, physiological and behavioural biomarkers. Marine Pollution Bulletin 31,19-27.
- Di Giulio RT, Habig C, Gallagher EP (1993) Effects of black river harbour sediments on indices of biotransformation, oxidative stress, and DNA integrity in channel catfish. Aquatic Toxicology 26, 1-22.
- Fridovich I (1974) Superoxide dismutase. Advances in Enzymology 41, 35-97.
- Gül S, Belge-Kurutaþ E, Yıldız E, Şahan A, Doran F (2004) Pollution correlated modifications of liver antioxidant systems and histopathology of fish (Cyprinidae) living in Seyhan Dam Lake, Turkey. Environment International 30, 605-609.
- Hasspielar BM, Behar JV, Di Giulio RT (1994) Glutathine dependant defense in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 28, 82-90.
- Karaytug S, Erdem C, Cicik B (2007) Accumulation of Cadmium in the Gill, Liver, Kidney, Spleen, Muscle and Brain Tissues of Cyprinus carpio. Ekoloji 16, 63, 16-22.
- Kurutaş Belge E, Þahan A, Altun T (2009) Oxidative stres biomarkers in liver and gill tissues of spotted barb (Capoeta barroisi L, 1894) living in the River Ceyhan, Adana, Turkey. Turkish Journal Biolology 33, 275-282.
- Lenartova V, Holovska K, Pedrajas JR, Martinez-Lara E, Peinado J, Lopez-Barea J, Rosival I, Kosuth P (1997) Antioxidant and detoxifying fish enzymes as biomarkers of river pollution. Biomarkers 2, 247- 252.
- Livingstone DR (2001) Contaminant-stimulated reactive oxygen species production and oxidative damage in aquatic organisms. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42, 656-666.
- Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randal RJ (1951) Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265-275.
- Mannervik B, Guthenberg C (1981) Glutathione-S-transferase (human placenta). Methods in Enzymology 77, 231-235.
- Oertel N, Salánki J (2003) Biomonitoring and bioindicators in aquatic ecosystems. In: Ambasht RS, Ambasht NK (eds), Modern trends in applied aquatic ecology, Kluwer Academic, New York.
- Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Tagi K (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry 95, 351-358.
- Oruç EO, Sevgiler Y, Uner N (2004) Tissue-specific oxidative stress responses in fish exposed to 2,4- D and azinphosmethyl. Comparative Biochemisty and Physiology 137, 43-51.
- Ritola O, Livingstone DR, Peters LD, Lindstrom-Seppa P (2002) Antioxidant processes are affected in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to ozone and oxygen-supersaturated water. Aquaculture 210, 1-19.
- Rodríguez A, Peinado J, Pueyo C (1993) Biochemical indicators of oxidative stress in fish from polluted littoral areas. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 50, 2568-2573.
- Ross D (1988) Glutathione, free radicals and chemotherapeutic agents. Mechanisms of free radical induced toxicity and glutathione-dependent protection. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 37, 231-249.
- Sado EK (1985) Influence of Anesthetic Quinaldine on Some Tilapias. Aquaculture 46, 55-62.
- Santos MA, Pacheco M, Ahmad I (2004) Anguilla anguilla L. antioxidants responses to in situ bleached kraft pulp mill effluent outlet exposure. Environment International 30, 301-308.
- Sloof W, Van Kreijl CF, Baars AJ (1983) Relative liver weights and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes of fish from polluted surface waters in the Netherlands. Aquatic Toxicology 4, 15-29.
- Stephensen E, Svavarsson J, Sturve J, Ericson G, Adolfsson-Erici M, Förlin L (2000) Biochemical indicators of pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpin (Myxocephalus scorpius) caught in four harbours on the Southwest coast of Iceland. Aquatic Toxicology 48, 431-442.
- Şahan A, Kurutaş E, Dikel S (2003) Liver antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) adapted to freshwater. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 27, 6, 1261- 1267.
- Şen A, Kırıkbakan A (2004) Biochemical Characterization and Distribution of Glutathione STransferases in Leaping Mullet (Liza saliens). Biochemistry (Moscow) 69, 9, 993-1000.
- Van der Oost R, Beber J, Vermeulen NPE (2003) Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 13, 57-149.
- Walker CH, Hopkin SP, Sibly RM, Peakall DB (2001) Principles of ecotoxicology (2nd ed), Taylor & Francis, New York.
- William GM, Iatropoulus MJ (2002) Alteration of liver cell function and proliferation: differentiation between adaptation and toxicity. Toxicologic Pathology 30, 41-53.
- Yılmaz RH, Turkoz Y, Yüksel E, Orun, İ (2006) An investigation of antioxidant enzymes activities in liver of Cyprinus carpio taken from different stations in the Karakaya Dam Lake. International Journal of Science and Technology 1, 1-6.
- Yılmazer D, Yaman S (1999) Heavy metal pollution and chemical profile of Ceyhan river (Adana- Turkey). Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 23, 59-61.
| APA | ŞAHAN A, BELGE KURUTAŞ E, ALTUN T (2010). The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). , 8 - 14. |
| Chicago | ŞAHAN Aysel,BELGE KURUTAŞ Ergül,ALTUN Tülay The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). (2010): 8 - 14. |
| MLA | ŞAHAN Aysel,BELGE KURUTAŞ Ergül,ALTUN Tülay The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). , 2010, ss.8 - 14. |
| AMA | ŞAHAN A,BELGE KURUTAŞ E,ALTUN T The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). . 2010; 8 - 14. |
| Vancouver | ŞAHAN A,BELGE KURUTAŞ E,ALTUN T The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). . 2010; 8 - 14. |
| IEEE | ŞAHAN A,BELGE KURUTAŞ E,ALTUN T "The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey)." , ss.8 - 14, 2010. |
| ISNAD | ŞAHAN, Aysel vd. "The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey)". (2010), 8-14. |
| APA | ŞAHAN A, BELGE KURUTAŞ E, ALTUN T (2010). The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). Ekoloji, 19(76), 8 - 14. |
| Chicago | ŞAHAN Aysel,BELGE KURUTAŞ Ergül,ALTUN Tülay The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). Ekoloji 19, no.76 (2010): 8 - 14. |
| MLA | ŞAHAN Aysel,BELGE KURUTAŞ Ergül,ALTUN Tülay The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). Ekoloji, vol.19, no.76, 2010, ss.8 - 14. |
| AMA | ŞAHAN A,BELGE KURUTAŞ E,ALTUN T The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). Ekoloji. 2010; 19(76): 8 - 14. |
| Vancouver | ŞAHAN A,BELGE KURUTAŞ E,ALTUN T The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey). Ekoloji. 2010; 19(76): 8 - 14. |
| IEEE | ŞAHAN A,BELGE KURUTAŞ E,ALTUN T "The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey)." Ekoloji, 19, ss.8 - 14, 2010. |
| ISNAD | ŞAHAN, Aysel vd. "The determination of Biochemical indicators (biomarkers) in the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey)". Ekoloji 19/76 (2010), 8-14. |
