Bursa was one of the most important production centers inherited to the Republic with its dynamic economic structure dominated by the textile industry, in which silk was the center, since the imperial period. At the beginning of the 20th century the global and national political and economic developments created important changes in the socio- economic structure of the city. Especially the Armenians and Greeks, who had a dominant position in the sericulture industry, had to leave the city due to the political and socio- economic developments experienced during the Balkan Wars, the First World War and the War of Independence. This situation negatively affected the economic dynamism of the city in the short term. Since the first years of the Republic, the economic policies organized by the central government within the framework of objectives such as national economy, national bourgeoisie, industrialization and self-sufficiency found their reflections at the local level. In this context, on the tenth anniversary of the Republic, the production branches in the city began to show the characteristics of a modern industrial structure. While the mechanization process expanded, the number of enterprises and the volume of production increased, the capital and labor dimension of production gained a national character.