Aim: This study aims to compare insulin resistance (IR) measurement methods in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who have the same body mass index. Material and Methods: There were 84 women with PCOS and non-PCOS (n=18 normal weight and n=24 overweight/obese in both groups). Triglyceride glucose index (TyG), assessment of insulin resistance with homeostasis model (HOMA-IR), visceral adiposity index (VAI) were calculated using lipid level, glucose level and anthropometric measurements. Mann-Whitney U or Student's t-test was used to compare measurements between the groups. The relationship between HOMA-IR and age was calculated with the Pearson correlation test, and the relationship between HOMA-IR and TyG was calculated with the Spearman correlation test. p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Triglyceride levels, insulin, TyG, and HOMA-IR were higher in the PCOS group than in the non-PCOS group (p=0.003, p=0.001, p=0.006, p=0.001, respectively). In the PCOS group, there was a negative correlation between HOMA-IR and age (r=-0.399, p=0.024), and a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and TyG index (r=0.776, p<0.001). TyG index and HOMA-IR were higher in normal weight PCOS women than non-PCOS (p=0.002, p=0.003, respectively), however there was no difference in overweight/obese PCOS women and non-PCOS. In PCOS patients, a TyG index >3.91 (89.5% sensitivity, 76.9% specificity) predicted insulin resistance (IR). Conclusion: TyG and HOMA-IR levels are higher in women with PCOS than non-PCOS. The TyG index can be used as an alternative method in evaluating insulin resistance among these patients.