Nowadays, one of the leading indicators of the countries’ development level is the ability of innovation, i.e. the ability to develop new products. Thus, countries have quickly tended to develop their product and technology development capabilities to increase added value and their social welfare in the global competitive environment. However, expenditures made for Research & Development (R&D) can not be resulted in producing new products creating added value at all times. Because it causes the high cost, the private sector may behave timidly to make investments and R&D expenditures, and they directly make short-term investments and R&D expenditures, which have relatively low added value. Under these circumstances, countries’ ability to produce new and technological products depends on bearing the R&D costs by public authorities on a vast scale. However, R&D expenditures are caused to be a heavy burden on the public budget and can cause the spending of a vast amount of public sources. In this respect, it is required to measure and analyze the impacts of R&D expenditures on countries’ targets on this issue from a realistic perspective and evaluate it. Hence, it is required a methodological frame practical, applicable, and able to give good results to measure the performance of the countries concerning the new and technological product producing ability by considering the public source usage. In addition, as a result of a comprehensive preliminary investigation performed by the authors, some severe and significant gaps in the existing literature have been noticed. First, according to the authors’ information, no study providing a comparative analysis besides the number of studies dealing with the countries’ R&D performances is scarce. Most of the closer works preferred to apply the DEA approach; though this technique has some limitations and structural problems, they did not propose a robust methodological frame. In addition, there is no information about how the criteria were determined in these previous studies. It causes to raise doubts about the reliability of the applied models and criteria, and it does not provide a reliable evaluation environment. The primary motivation of the work is to propose an objective and robust integrated decision-making model by keeping these gaps and requirements in mind. Also, there is a strong motivation in public authorities, institutions, and individuals. The current paper proposes using the EATWOS technique based on the weighting system combined with the Entropy and CRITIC techniques with the help of a mathematical operator to analyze the obtained outputs for R&D expenditures by public authorities. The proposed framework was applied to evaluate the countries’ performances regarding the impacts of R&D expenditures on countries’ innovation ability, and a comprehensive sensitivity analysis was performed to test the validation and applicability of the proposed model and its results. The results of the sensitivity analysis approve the validity and applicability of the proposed Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) framework.