Ibn al-Tiqtaqa found fame with his work al-Fakhrî, which is widely used in modern re- search. The author, who is descended from Caliph Ali and one of the naqib of the Ahl al-Bayt, was born in the atmosphere that emerged in Iraq after the Mongols abolished the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad and wrote his work in this atmosphere. Al-Fakhrî consists of the author's introduction, the first part, which is an example of a mirror for prince, and the second part, which describes the history of the cali- phate. While the author emphasizes the importance of knowing history for the ruler in the introduc- tion, the first chapter focuses on the personal characteristics that the rulers should have. Some anecdotes in this section show that the author deals with the political issues according to the realities of the Mon- golian world in which he lives. In the second part, starting from the Rashid Caliphs, the other states of the caliphate, the Umayyads and the Abbasids, are discussed. While these states are being discussed, there are also some evaluations about Buyid, Seljuks, Fatimid and Khawarizmian. The comments on the history of the caliphate in the work are remarkable. The author's discussion around the concepts of jus- tice and injustice includes remarkable issues in the context of Islamic political thought, which he tells about the overthrow of the caliphate. On the other hand, the comparisons he made between the Mongol state and the Islamic States show that he placed the history of the caliphate in an unusual framework. The anecdotes given by the author, his views on knowledge, his answer to the question of how the ideal ruler should be, and the comparison of the history of the caliphate with the Mongolian state constitute an important example in terms of historiography. Based on such situations, in our study, this work writ- ten in a world under the rule of the Mongols and its author; It will be examined how he understood the Mongolian reality and how this burned into the history of the caliphate.