Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study

Objective: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed various priorities in health area. Many elective surgeries for renal cell cancers (RCC) have been postponed. We examined the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the surgical treatment of RCC in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Surgically treated 457 patients for kidney tumor, from March 1, 2019 to February 28, 2021 in 9 centers in Turkey were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The number of surgical treatments for RCC during the COVID-19 pandemic has decreased significantly, in contrast to the same period before COVID-19. Admission symptoms were similar in these two periods (p=0.32). However, although not statistically significant, the rate of admission to hospital due to hematuria was higher during the pandemic period compared to the prepandemic period (14.4% vs 9.8%, respectively). The two study periods differed significantly in terms of the rate of metastatic RCC detected in preoperative imaging (13.1% vs 6.1%, during COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19, respectively) (p=0.01). Moreover, the study periods differed significantly in terms of time between imaging and operation [35 (2-240) vs 30 (1-210) days, during COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19, respectively] (p=0.01). However, these two periods were similar in terms of tumor size, type of surgery, and pathological stage (p≥0.05). Although the pathological stages were similar among the groups, nephrectomies due to the metastatic disease were significantly higher in the pandemic period (p=0.01). Conclusion: The number of RCC-related surgeries were significantly decreased during the pandemic period. However, the rate of surgery for metastatic disease has significantly increased.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. Murai M, Oya M. Renal cell carcinoma: etiology , incidence and epidemiology. Curr Opin Urol 2004;14:229-233.
2. Petejova N, Martinek A. Renal cell carcinoma: Review of etiology, pathophysiology and risk factors. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2016;160:183-194.
3. Gray RE, Harris GT. Renal Cell Carcinoma: Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician 2019;99:179-184.
4. Cairns P. Renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2010;9:461-473.
5. Warren AY, Harrison D. WHO/ISUP classification, grading and pathological staging of renal cell carcinoma: standards and controversies. World J Urol 2018;36:1913-1926.
6. Ljungberg B, Bensalah K, Canfield S, et al. EAU guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: 2014 update. Eur Urol 2015;67:913-924.
7. Jin P, Park H, Jung S, Kim J. Challenges in Urology during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Urol Int 2021;105:3-16.
8. Ribal MJ , Cornford P, Briganti A, et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines Office Rapid Reaction Group: An Organisation- wide Collaborative Effort to Adapt the European Association of Urology Guidelines Recommendations to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era. Eur Urol 2020;78:21-28.
9. Méjean A, Rouprêt M, Rozet F, et al. [Recommendations CCAFU on the management of cancers of the urogenital system during an epidemic with Coronavirus COVID-19]. Prog Urol 2020;30:221-231.
10. Chang YH, Chuang CK, Pang ST, et al. Prognostic value of TNM stage and tumor necrosis for renal cell carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2011;27:59-63.
11. Chen Y, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Integrin α7 is overexpressed and correlates with higher pathological grade, increased T stage, advanced TNM stage as well as worse survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients: A retrospective study. J Clin Lab Anal 2020;34:e23034.
12. Tachibana I, Ferguson EL, Mahenthiran A, et al. Delaying Cancer Cases in Urology during COVID-19: Review of the Literature. J Urol 2020;204:926-933.
13. Lei S, Jiang F, Su W, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 infection. EClinicalMedicine 2020;21:100331.
14. Tan WS, Arianayagam R, Khetrapal P, et al. Major Urological Cancer Surgery for Patients is Safe and Surgical Training Should Be Encouraged During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicentre Analysis of 30-day Outcomes. Eur Urol Open Sci 2021;25:39-43.
15. Zequi SC , Abreu D. Consideration in the management of renal cell carcinoma during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int Braz J Urol 2020;46:69-78.
16. Lee CT, Katz J, Fearn PA, Russo P. Mode of presentation of renal cell carcinoma provides prognostic information. Urol Oncol 2002;7:135-140.
17. Srivastava A, Pa tel HV, Kim S, et al. Delaying surgery for clinical T1b-T2bN0M0 renal cell carcinoma: Oncologic implications in the COVID-19 era and beyond. Urol Oncol 2021;39:247-257.
18. De Simone B , Chouillard E, Di Saverio S, et al. Emergency surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: what you need to know for practice. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020;102:323-332.
19. Vigneswaran Y , Prachand VN, Posner MC, et al. What Is the Appropriate Use of Laparoscopy over Open Procedures in the Current COVID-19 Climate? J Gastrointest Surg 2020;24:1686-1691.
20. Louie PK, Sayari AJ, Frank RM, et al. Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Spine and the Extremities: Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. JBJS Rev 2019;7:e7.
21. Nguyen MM, Gill IS. Effect of renal cancer size on the prevalence of metastasis at diagnosis and mortality. J Urol 2009;181:1020-1027; discussion 1027.
22. Klatte T, Rossi SH, Stewart GD. Prognostic factors and prognostic models for renal cell carcinoma: a literature review. World J Urol 2018;36:1943-1952.
23. Uzosike AC, Patel HD, Alam R, et al. Growth Kinetics of Small Renal Masses on Active Surveillance: Variability and Results from the DISSRM Registry. J Urol 2018;199:641-648.
24. Daugherty M, Sedagha tpour D, Shapiro O, et al. The metastatic potential of renal tumors: Influence of histologic subtypes on definition of small renal masses, risk stratification, and future active surveillance protocols. Urol Oncol 2017;35:153.e115-153.e120.
25. Kim KH, You D, Jeong IG, et al. The impact of delaying radical nephrectomy for stage II or higher renal cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012;138:1561-1567.

APA	GUREL A, baylan b, Özen A, keleş i, OZTEKIN U, DEMIRBAS A, karalar m, Ulusoy K, yılmaz m, ERSEKERCİ E, elmaagaç b, Sulhan H, Doğan A, Altan M, KESKE M, Karadag M (2022). Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. , 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
Chicago	GUREL ABDULLAH,baylan burhan,Özen Ata,keleş ibrahim,OZTEKIN UNAL,DEMIRBAS ARIF,karalar mustafa,Ulusoy Kemal,yılmaz mehmet,ERSEKERCİ EROL,elmaagaç burak,Sulhan Hasan,Doğan Ahmet Emin,Altan Mehmet,KESKE MURAT,Karadag Mert Ali Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. (2022): 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
MLA	GUREL ABDULLAH,baylan burhan,Özen Ata,keleş ibrahim,OZTEKIN UNAL,DEMIRBAS ARIF,karalar mustafa,Ulusoy Kemal,yılmaz mehmet,ERSEKERCİ EROL,elmaagaç burak,Sulhan Hasan,Doğan Ahmet Emin,Altan Mehmet,KESKE MURAT,Karadag Mert Ali Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. , 2022, ss.119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
AMA	GUREL A,baylan b,Özen A,keleş i,OZTEKIN U,DEMIRBAS A,karalar m,Ulusoy K,yılmaz m,ERSEKERCİ E,elmaagaç b,Sulhan H,Doğan A,Altan M,KESKE M,Karadag M Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. . 2022; 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
Vancouver	GUREL A,baylan b,Özen A,keleş i,OZTEKIN U,DEMIRBAS A,karalar m,Ulusoy K,yılmaz m,ERSEKERCİ E,elmaagaç b,Sulhan H,Doğan A,Altan M,KESKE M,Karadag M Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. . 2022; 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
IEEE	GUREL A,baylan b,Özen A,keleş i,OZTEKIN U,DEMIRBAS A,karalar m,Ulusoy K,yılmaz m,ERSEKERCİ E,elmaagaç b,Sulhan H,Doğan A,Altan M,KESKE M,Karadag M "Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study." , ss.119 - 123, 2022. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
ISNAD	GUREL, ABDULLAH vd. "Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study". (2022), 119-123. https://doi.org/10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3

APA	GUREL A, baylan b, Özen A, keleş i, OZTEKIN U, DEMIRBAS A, karalar m, Ulusoy K, yılmaz m, ERSEKERCİ E, elmaagaç b, Sulhan H, Doğan A, Altan M, KESKE M, Karadag M (2022). Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. Üroonkoloji Bülteni, 21(4), 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
Chicago	GUREL ABDULLAH,baylan burhan,Özen Ata,keleş ibrahim,OZTEKIN UNAL,DEMIRBAS ARIF,karalar mustafa,Ulusoy Kemal,yılmaz mehmet,ERSEKERCİ EROL,elmaagaç burak,Sulhan Hasan,Doğan Ahmet Emin,Altan Mehmet,KESKE MURAT,Karadag Mert Ali Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. Üroonkoloji Bülteni 21, no.4 (2022): 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
MLA	GUREL ABDULLAH,baylan burhan,Özen Ata,keleş ibrahim,OZTEKIN UNAL,DEMIRBAS ARIF,karalar mustafa,Ulusoy Kemal,yılmaz mehmet,ERSEKERCİ EROL,elmaagaç burak,Sulhan Hasan,Doğan Ahmet Emin,Altan Mehmet,KESKE MURAT,Karadag Mert Ali Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. Üroonkoloji Bülteni, vol.21, no.4, 2022, ss.119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
AMA	GUREL A,baylan b,Özen A,keleş i,OZTEKIN U,DEMIRBAS A,karalar m,Ulusoy K,yılmaz m,ERSEKERCİ E,elmaagaç b,Sulhan H,Doğan A,Altan M,KESKE M,Karadag M Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. Üroonkoloji Bülteni. 2022; 21(4): 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
Vancouver	GUREL A,baylan b,Özen A,keleş i,OZTEKIN U,DEMIRBAS A,karalar m,Ulusoy K,yılmaz m,ERSEKERCİ E,elmaagaç b,Sulhan H,Doğan A,Altan M,KESKE M,Karadag M Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study. Üroonkoloji Bülteni. 2022; 21(4): 119 - 123. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
IEEE	GUREL A,baylan b,Özen A,keleş i,OZTEKIN U,DEMIRBAS A,karalar m,Ulusoy K,yılmaz m,ERSEKERCİ E,elmaagaç b,Sulhan H,Doğan A,Altan M,KESKE M,Karadag M "Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study." Üroonkoloji Bülteni, 21, ss.119 - 123, 2022. 10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3
ISNAD	GUREL, ABDULLAH vd. "Comparison of Renal Cell Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic with Prepandemic Period, Turkey Multicenter Study". Üroonkoloji Bülteni 21/4 (2022), 119-123. https://doi.org/10.4274/uob.galenos.2021.2021.11.3