Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 2 - 10 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034 İndeks Tarihi: 16-05-2023

Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences

Öz:
The teacher–child relationship affects children’s social, emotional, and academic skills and also shapes teachers’ expectations from and practices regarding children. It is significant to ensure responsive classroom management to support the teacher–child relationship in preschools. This study aimed to determine the readiness of preschool teachers for responsive classroom management and their needs regarding this management style based on their professional experience. The sample of the study consisted of 134 preschool teachers. The knowledge, expectations, experiences, and needs of teachers regarding responsive classroom management were investigated. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers was used to collect data. The data obtained from this survey study were subjected to descriptive and content analysis. The results revealed that preschool teachers’ knowledge, expectations, experiences, and needs regarding responsive classroom management differ based on their level of professional experience. In addition, it has been found that teachers do not consider themselves sufficient in responsive classroom management, need support to adopt this management style, and want this support to be provided through mentoring or workshops.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Ansari, A., & Pianta, R. C. (2019). Teacher–child interaction quality as a function of classroom age diversity and teachers’ beliefs and qualifications. Applied Developmental Science, 23(3), 294–304. [CrossRef]
  • Ansari, A., Pianta, R. C., Whittaker, J. V., Vitiello, V. E., & Ruzek, E. A. (2022). Preschool teachers’ emotional exhaustion in relation to classroom instruction and teacher-child interactions. Early Education and Development, 33(1), 107–120. [CrossRef]
  • Arbeau, K. A., Coplan, R. J., & Weeks, M. (2010). Shyness, teacher-child relationships, and socio-emotional adjustment in grade 1. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34(3), 259–269. [CrossRef]
  • Baroody, A. E., Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., Larsen, R. A., & Curby, T. W. (2014). The link between responsive classroom training and student–teacher relationship quality in the fifth Grade: A study of fidelity of implementation. School Psychology Review, 43(1), 69–85. [CrossRef]
  • Berger, J.-L., Girardet, C., Vaudroz, C., & Crahay, M. (2018). Teaching experience, teachers’ beliefs, and self-reported classroom management practices: A coherent network. SAGE Open, 8(1). [CrossRef]
  • Brock, L. L., Nishida, T. K., Chiong, C., Grimm, K. J., & Rimm-Kaufman, S. E. (2008). Children’s perceptions of the classroom environment and social and academic performance: A longitudinal analysis of the contribution of the Responsive Classroom approach. Journal of School Psychology, 46(2), 129–149. [CrossRef]
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
  • Buyse, E., Verschueren, K., Doumen, S., Van Damme, J., & Maes, F. (2008). Classroom problem behavior and teacher-child relationships in kindergarten: The moderating role of classroom climate. Journal of School Psychology, 46(4), 367–391. [CrossRef]
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem.
  • Cadima, J., Doumen, S., Verschueren, K., & Buyse, E. (2015). Child engagement in the transition to school: Contributions of self-regulation, teacher– child relationships and classroom climate. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 32, 1–12. [CrossRef]
  • CASEL (2013). Effective social-emotional learning programs. Retrieved from https ://ed .buff alo.e du/co ntent /dam/ ed/al berti /docs /CASE L-Gui de-SO CIAL- EMOTI ONAL- LEARN ING.p df.
  • Chen, S., & Phillips, B. (2018). Exploring teacher factors that influence teacherchild relationships in Head Start: A grounded theory. Qualitative Report, 23(1), 80–97. Retrieved from https ://ww w.pro quest .com/ docvi ew/21 22315 898/f ullte xtPDF /D9F8 86D1B 8BF4F DBPQ/ 1?acc ounti d=152 72.
  • Choi, J. Y., & Dobbs-Oates, J. (2016). Teacher-child relationships: Contribution of teacher and child characteristics. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 30(1), 15–28. [CrossRef]
  • Coenders, F., & Verhoef, N. (2019). Lesson Study: Professional development (PD) for beginning and experienced teachers. Professional Development in Education, 45(2), 217–230. [CrossRef]
  • Corbin, C. M., Alamos, P., Lowenstein, A. E., Downer, J. T., & Brown, J. L. (2019). The role of teacher-student relationships in predicting teachers’ personal accomplishment and emotional exhaustion. Journal of School Psychology, 77, 1–12. [CrossRef]
  • Curby, T. W., Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., & Abry, T. (2013). Do emotional support and classroom organization earlier in the year set the stage for higher quality instruction? Journal of School Psychology, 51(5), 557–569. [CrossRef]
  • De Laet, S., Doumen, S., Vervoort, E., Colpin, H., Van Leeuwen, K., Goossens, L., & Verschueren, K. (2014). Transactional links between teacher–child relationship quality and perceived versus sociometric popularity: A threewave longitudinal study. Child Development, 85(4), 1647–1662. [CrossRef]
  • DeRosa, L. (2016). Beginning teachers: The connection between expectations and job satisfaction [Doctoral Dissertation]. Southern New Hampshire University. Retrieved from https ://ac ademi carch ive.s nhu.e du/bi tstre am/ha ndle/ 10474 /2921 /sed2 016de rosa. pdf?s equen ce=3& isAll owed= y.
  • Dias-Lacy, S. L., & Guirguis, R. V. (2017). Challenges for new teachers and ways of coping with them. Journal of Education and Learning, 6(3), 265–272. [CrossRef]
  • DiCicco, M., Sabella, L., Jordan, R., Boney, K., & Jones, P. (2014). Great expectations: The mismatches selves of a beginning teacher. Qualitative Report, 19(83), 1–18. Retrieved from https ://we b.p.e bscoh ost.c om/eh ost/p dfvie wer/p dfvie wer?v id=0& sid=5 9bae3 2d-68 b1-40 e7-9d 23-6c c1e3d 500c0 %40re dis.
  • Dicke, T., Elling, J., Schmeck, A., & Leutner, D. (2015). Reducing reality shock: The effects of classroom management skills training on beginning teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 48, 1–12. [CrossRef]
  • Eisenman, G., Edwards, S., & Cushman, C. (2015). Bringing reality to classroom management in teacher education. Professional Educator, 39(1), 1–10. Retrieved from https ://fi les.e ric.e d.gov /full text/ EJ106 2280. pdf.
  • Flower, A., McKenna, J. W., & Haring, C. D. (2017). Behavior and classroom management: Are teacher preparation programs really preparing our teachers? Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 61(2), 163–169. [CrossRef]
  • Fuller, F. F. (1969). Concerns of teachers: A developmental conceptualization. American Educational Research Journal, 6(2), 207–226. [CrossRef]
  • Gagnon, S. G., Huelsman, T. J., Kidder-Ashley, P., & Lewis, A. (2019). Preschool student–teacher relationships and teaching stress. Early Childhood Education Journal, 47(2), 217–225. [CrossRef]
  • Gambino, T. J. (2019). An implementation evaluation of responsive classroom [Doctoral Dissertation. The State University of New Jersey. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-8zgc-g464
  • Graham, L. J., White, S. L. J., Cologon, K., & Pianta, R. C. (2020). Do teachers’ years of experience make a difference in the quality of teaching? Teaching and Teacher Education, 96, 103190. [CrossRef]
  • Gülay Ogelman, H. (2021). Examining peer relationships of young children in terms of teacher–child relationship. Early Child Development and Care, 191(16), 2508–2515. [CrossRef]
  • Hall, S. A. (2022). First year teachers’ mentorship in classroom management: A phenomenology study [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northcentral University. Retrieved from https ://ww w.pro quest .com/ docvi ew/27 07892 206?p q-ori gsite =gsch olar& fromo penvi ew=tr ue.
  • Hamre, B. K., Pianta, R. C., Downer, J. T., & Mashburn, A. J. (2008). Teachers’ perceptions of conflict with young students: Looking beyond problem behaviors. Social Development, 17(1). [CrossRef]
  • Hằng, N. V. T., Hằng, N. T., & Liên, N. T. (2022). Classroom management competence of novice teachers in Vietnam. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2124042. [CrossRef]
  • Hopman, J. A. B., Tick, N. T., van der Ende, J., Wubbels, T., Verhulst, F. C., Maras, A., Breeman, L. D., & van Lier, P. A. C. (2018). Special education teachers’ relationships with students and self-efficacy moderate associations between classroom-level disruptive behaviors and emotional exhaustion. Teaching and Teacher Education, 75, 21–30. [CrossRef]
  • Hu, B. Y., Guo, Y., Wang, S., & Vitiello, V. E. (2021). The associations between teacher-child relationships and academic skills: A longitudinal study among Chinese preschool children. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 67, 102020. [CrossRef]
  • Jennings, P. A., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). The prosocial classroom: Teacher social and emotional competence in relation to student and classroom outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 79(1), 491–525. [CrossRef]
  • Jones, S., & Woglom, J. F. (2014). Dangerous conversations: Persistent tensions in teacher education. Phi Delta Kappan, 95(6), 47–56. Retrieved from http: //www .pdkm ember s.org /memb ers_o nline /publ icati ons/A rchiv e/pdf /Diss Guide 1403. pdf#p age=7.
  • Karalis Noel, T. K., & Shoffner, M. (2019). From preservice to practice: Expectations of/in the secondary ELA classroom. World Journal of Education, 9(6), 35–44. [CrossRef]
  • Karlberg, M., & Bezzina, C. (2020). The professional development needs of beginning and experienced teachers in four municipalities in Sweden. Professional Development in Education, 1–18. [CrossRef]
  • Koles, B., O’Connor, E. E., & Collins, B. A. (2013). Associations between child and teacher characteristics and quality of teacher–child relationships: The case of Hungary. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 21(1), 53–76. [CrossRef]
  • Kyndt, E., Gijbels, D., Grosemans, I., & Donche, V. (2016). Teachers’ everyday professional development: Mapping informal learning activities, antecedents, and learning outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(4), 1111–1150. [CrossRef]
  • Lazarides, R., Watt, H. M. G., & Richardson, P. W. (2020). Teachers’ classroom management self-efficacy, perceived classroom management and teaching contexts from beginning until mid-career. Learning and Instruction, 69, 101346. [CrossRef]
  • MEB (2013). Preschool education program. Retrieved from https ://te gm.me b.gov .tr/d osya/ okulo ncesi /oopr oram. pdf Miles, M., B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded Sourcebook. Sage.
  • Mohamed, A. H. H. (2018). Gender as a moderator of the association between teacher–child relationship and social skills in preschool. Early Child Development and Care, 188(12), 1711–1725. [CrossRef]
  • Murphy, K. A., Theodore, L. A., Aloiso, D., Alric-Edwards, J. M., & Hughes, T. L. (2007). Interdependent group contingency and mystery motivators to reduce preschool disruptive behavior. Psychology in the Schools, 44(1), 53–63. [CrossRef]
  • NAEYC (2005). NAEYC early childhood program standards . Retrieved from https ://ww w.nae yc.or g/sit es/de fault /file s/glo bally -shar ed/do wnloa ds/PD Fs/re sourc es/po sitio n-sta temen ts/Po sitio n%20S tatem ent%2 0EC%2 0Stan dards .pdf
  • Northeast Foundation for Children (2013). Responsive classroom. Retrieved from https ://ww w.man sfiel dscho ol.co m/cms /lib/ NJ010 00046 /Cent ricit y/ Dom ain/1 4/Res ponsi ve_Cl assro om_Fa ct_Sh eet.p df
  • O’Connor, E. (2010). Teacher–child relationships as dynamic systems. Journal of School Psychology, 48(3), 187–218. [CrossRef]
  • Onchwari, G., & Keengwe, J. (2008). The impact of a mentor-coaching model on teacher professional development. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(1), 19–24. [CrossRef]
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (2019). Results (volume I): teachers and school leaders as lifelong learners, TALIS. OECD Publishing. [CrossRef]
  • Ottmar, E. R., Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., Berry, R. Q., & Larsen, R. A. (2013). Results from a randomized controlled trial: Does the responsive classroom approach impact the use of standards-based mathematics teaching practices? Elementary School Journal, 113(3), 434–457. [CrossRef]
  • Partee, A. M., Hamre, B. K., & Williford, A. P. (2020). Examining the role of preschool classrooms’ behavioral composition as a predictor of the quality of teacher–child interactions. Early Education and Development, 31(6), 873–891. [CrossRef]
  • Pianta, R. C. (1999). Enhancing relationships between children and teachers. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https ://ps ycnet .apa. org/d oi/10 .1037 /1031 4-000
  • Pianta, R. C., Mashburn, A. J., Downer, J. T., Hamre, B. K., & Justice, L. (2008). Effects of web-mediated professional development resources on teacher– child interactions in pre-kindergarten classrooms. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 23(4), 431–451. [CrossRef]
  • Responsive Classroom (2020a). About responsive classroom. Retrieved from https ://ww w.res ponsi vecla ssroo m.org /abou t/.
  • Responsive Classroom (2020b). Principles and Practices. Retrieved from https ://ww w.res ponsi vecla ssroo m.org /abou t/pri ncipl es-pr actic es/.
  • Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., & Chiu, Y. I. (2007). Promoting social and academic competence in the classroom: An intervention study examining the contribution of the responsive classroom approach. Psychology in the Schools, 44(4), 397–413. [CrossRef]
  • Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., Fan, X., Chiu, Y. J., & You, W. (2007). The contribution of the responsive classroom approach on children’s academic achievement: Results from a three year longitudinal study. Journal of School Psychology, 45(4), 401–421. [CrossRef]
  • Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., & Hulleman, C. S. (2015). Social and emotional learning in elementary school settings: Identifying mechanisms that matter. In J. Durlak & R. Weissberg (Eds.). Handbook of social and emotional learning: Research and practice (pp. 151–166). The Guilford Press.
  • Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., Larsen, R. A. A., Baroody, A. E., Curby, T. W., Ko, M., Thomas, J. B.,Merritt, E. G., Abry, T., & DeCoster, J. (2014). Efficacy of the responsive classroom approach: Results from a 3-year, longitudinal randomized controlled trial. American Educational Research Journal, 51(3), 567–603. [CrossRef]
  • Rubie-Davies, C. M., & Peterson, E. R. (2010). Teacher expectations and beliefs: Influences on the socioemotional environment of the classroom. In C. M. Rubie-Davies (Ed.). Educational psychology: Concepts, research and challenges (pp. 148–163). Routledge.
  • Scheiner, T. (2016). Teacher noticing: Enlightening or blinding? ZDM, 48(1–2), 227–238. [CrossRef]
  • Sette, S., Spinrad, T. L., & Baumgartner, E. (2013). Links among Italian preschoolers’ socioemotional competence, teacher–child relationship quality, and peer acceptance. Early Education and Development, 24(6), 851–864. [CrossRef]
  • Spilt, J. L., Koomen, H. M., Thijs, J. T., & Van der Leij, A. (2012). Supporting teachers’ relationships with disruptive children: The potential of relationshipfocused reflection. Attachment and Human Development, 14(3), 305–318. [CrossRef]
  • Stahnke, R., & Blömeke, S. (2021). Novice and expert teachers’ noticing of classroom management in whole-group and partner work activities: Evidence from teachers’ gaze and identification of events. Learning and Instruction, 74, 101464. [CrossRef]
  • Stewart, T. T., & Jansky, T. A. (2022). Novice teachers and embracing struggle: Dialogue and reflection in professional development. Teaching and Teacher Education: Leadership and Professional Development, 1, 100002. [CrossRef]
  • van Driel, S., Crasborn, F., Wolff, C. E., Brand-Gruwel, S., & Jarodzka, H. (2021). Exploring preservice, beginning and experienced teachers’ noticing of classroom management situations from an actor’s perspective. Teaching and Teacher Education, 106, 103435. [CrossRef]
  • Vo, A. K., Sutherland, K. S., & Conroy, M. A. (2012). Best in class: A classroom-based model for ameliorating problem behavior in early childhood settings. Psychology in the Schools, 49(5), 402–415. [CrossRef]
  • Walden, T., & Ogden, T. (1988). The development of social referencing. Child Development, 59, 1230–1240. [CrossRef]
  • Walker, J. M., & Hoover-Dempsey, K. V. (2014). Why research on parental involvement is important to classroom management. In E. Emmer & E. J. Sabornie (Eds.). Handbook of classroom management (pp. 675–694). Routledge. [CrossRef]
  • Wanless, S. B., Patton, C. L., Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., & Deutsch, N. L. (2013). Setting-level influences on implementation of the responsive classroom Approach. Prevention Science, 14(1), 40–51. [CrossRef]
  • Watson, T. L., Skinner, C. H., Skinner, A. L., Cazzell, S., Aspiranti, K. B., Moore, T., & Coleman, M. (2016). Preventing disruptive behavior via classroom management: Validating the color wheel system in kindergarten classrooms. Behavior Modification, 40(4), 518–540. [CrossRef]
  • Weaver, P. E. (2004). The culture of teaching and mentoring for compliance. Childhood Education, 80(5), 258–260. [CrossRef]
  • Responsive Classroom (2016). What the Research Says? Retrieved from https ://ww w.res ponsi vecla ssroo m.org /wp-c onten t/upl oads/ 2015/ 11/Wh at-re searc h-say s-upd ated- 12.16 .pdf sayfasından ulaşılmıştır.
  • Wolff, C. E., Jarodzka, H., & Boshuizen, H. P. A. (2021). Classroom management scripts: A theoretical model contrasting expert and novice teachers’ knowledge and awareness of classroom events. Educational Psychology Review, 33(1), 131–148. [CrossRef]
  • Wolff, C. E., van den Bogert, N., Jarodzka, H., & Boshuizen, H. P. A. (2015). Keeping an eye on learning: Differences between expert and novice teachers’ representations of classroom management events. Journal of Teacher Education, 66(1), 68–85. [CrossRef]
  • Wu, Z., Hu, B. Y., Fan, X., Zhang, X., & Zhang, J. (2018). The associations between social skills and teacher-child relationships: A longitudinal study among Chinese preschool children. Children and Youth Services Review, 88, 582–590. [CrossRef]
  • Wubbels, T., Brekelmans, M., Den Brok, P., Wijsman, L., Mainhard, T., & Van Tartwijk, J. (2014). Teacher-student relationships and classroom management. In E. Emmer & E. J. Sabornie (Eds.). Handbook of classroom management (pp. 363–386). Routledge.
APA battal ş, Akman B (2023). Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. , 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
Chicago battal şeymanur,Akman Berrin Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. (2023): 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
MLA battal şeymanur,Akman Berrin Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. , 2023, ss.2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
AMA battal ş,Akman B Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. . 2023; 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
Vancouver battal ş,Akman B Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. . 2023; 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
IEEE battal ş,Akman B "Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences." , ss.2 - 10, 2023. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
ISNAD battal, şeymanur - Akman, Berrin. "Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences". (2023), 2-10. https://doi.org/10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
APA battal ş, Akman B (2023). Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. Hayef:journal of education (Online), 20(1), 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
Chicago battal şeymanur,Akman Berrin Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. Hayef:journal of education (Online) 20, no.1 (2023): 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
MLA battal şeymanur,Akman Berrin Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. Hayef:journal of education (Online), vol.20, no.1, 2023, ss.2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
AMA battal ş,Akman B Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. Hayef:journal of education (Online). 2023; 20(1): 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
Vancouver battal ş,Akman B Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences. Hayef:journal of education (Online). 2023; 20(1): 2 - 10. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
IEEE battal ş,Akman B "Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences." Hayef:journal of education (Online), 20, ss.2 - 10, 2023. 10.5152/hayef.2023.22034
ISNAD battal, şeymanur - Akman, Berrin. "Responsive Classroom Management in Teacher–Child Relationship: Readiness and Needs of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Professional Experiences". Hayef:journal of education (Online) 20/1 (2023), 2-10. https://doi.org/10.5152/hayef.2023.22034