Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial
Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 31 - 40 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 İndeks Tarihi: 05-06-2023
Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial
Öz: Objective To compare the efficacy of different non-pharmacological interventions (kangaroo care, cuddling, playing white noise, ambient sound) applied to newborns during the heel stick procedure on newborns’ pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel. Methods This is a prospective, randomized controlled trial including pre- and post-tests of four groups. The setting is a neonatal intensive care unit in Türkiye. One hundred and thirty-six newborns were recruited. Newborns were randomly assigned to four groups (i) kangaroo care, (ii) cuddling, (iii) white noise, and (iv) ambient sound. Pain measures were recorded 1 minute before, during, and 3 minutes after blood collection based on the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). Results There was a significant difference between the pain levels (χ2=16.910, p=.001) and durations of crying (χ2=13.888, p=.003) during the heel stick procedure of the newborns depending on the non-pharmacological intervention. The pain levels of newborns who received kangaroo care were significantly lower compared to those who were listened to ambient sound during the procedure. The newborns’ durations of crying who received kangaroo care and who were lapped by their mothers during the heel stick procedure were also lower than those who are listened to ambient sound. There was no significant difference between the highest sound decibel levels of newborns after the procedure due to the non-pharmacological intervention applied during the heel stick procedure. Conclusion Kangaroo care was more effective in reducing pain level and duration of crying. The non-pharmacological interventions had no effects on the highest sound decibel levels of newborns.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | DURU P, akkoca z, Örsal Ö (2023). Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. , 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| Chicago | DURU PINAR,akkoca zehra,Örsal Özlem Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. (2023): 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| MLA | DURU PINAR,akkoca zehra,Örsal Özlem Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. , 2023, ss.31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| AMA | DURU P,akkoca z,Örsal Ö Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. . 2023; 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| Vancouver | DURU P,akkoca z,Örsal Ö Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. . 2023; 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| IEEE | DURU P,akkoca z,Örsal Ö "Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial." , ss.31 - 40, 2023. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| ISNAD | DURU, PINAR vd. "Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial". (2023), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| APA | DURU P, akkoca z, Örsal Ö (2023). Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. Perinatal journal (Online), 31(1), 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| Chicago | DURU PINAR,akkoca zehra,Örsal Özlem Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. Perinatal journal (Online) 31, no.1 (2023): 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| MLA | DURU PINAR,akkoca zehra,Örsal Özlem Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. Perinatal journal (Online), vol.31, no.1, 2023, ss.31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| AMA | DURU P,akkoca z,Örsal Ö Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. Perinatal journal (Online). 2023; 31(1): 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| Vancouver | DURU P,akkoca z,Örsal Ö Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial. Perinatal journal (Online). 2023; 31(1): 31 - 40. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| IEEE | DURU P,akkoca z,Örsal Ö "Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial." Perinatal journal (Online), 31, ss.31 - 40, 2023. 10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
| ISNAD | DURU, PINAR vd. "Comparison of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions during the heel stick procedure on pain level, duration of crying, and voice decibel of newborns: a randomized controlled trial". Perinatal journal (Online) 31/1 (2023), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.2399/prn.23.0311006 |
