Yıl: 2023 Cilt: Sayı: 49 Sayfa Aralığı: 507 - 540 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.28949/bilimname.1224907 İndeks Tarihi: 02-06-2023

ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ

Öz:
Orta Çağ Avrupası`nda hacı olmak her inançlı Hıristiyan için çok önemlidir. Kıtada çok sayıda hac mekânı olması insanların böyle bir dinî görevi yerine getirmelerini kolaylaştırmıştır. Hac ziyaretinin temel amacı günahların bağışlanmasıdır ancak hastalığa şifa bulmak, çocuk istemek, yerine gelen dilek için teşekkür etmek gibi pek çok amaç da söz konusudur. Güvenilir kayıtlar olmadığından hacıların sayısı tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Çağ boyunca kontrol altında yaşayan kadınlar da hac ziyaretleri yapmışlar ancak daha çok evlerine yakın yerlere gitmişlerdir. Uzaklara gideceklerse genelde kocaları onlara eşlik etmiştir. Rahibelerin hacca gittiklerine dair kanıt yoktur. Bu dönemde hac, tehlikeli ve masraflı bir iştir. Başkasının yerine hacca gitmek de söz konusudur. Hac seyahatlerinin süresi gidilen mekânın uzaklığına göre değişmekle birlikte genellikle uzundur çünkü ulaşım bugünkü kadar gelişmiş değildir. Ayrıca 1346-1353 arasında yaşanan büyük veba salgını ve 1337-1453 arasındaki Yüzyıl Savaşları gibi pek çok bölgeyi etkileyen olaylar hac seyahatlerinin sekteye uğramasına neden olmuştur. Yine de din adamları ve özellikle papalar insanları hacca gitmeye teşvik etmiştir. Bu teşvikin bir amacı insanların günahlarının bağışlanması iken bir diğer amacı da ruhban sınıfın hac seyahatlerinden büyük gelir elde etmesidir. Bu gelir öyle büyüktür ki zaman zaman dinî ve dünyevi liderleri karşı karşıya getirmiştir. Orta Çağ`da kıtanın en önemli üç hac merkezi Roma, Santiego de Compostela ve Canterbury`dir.
Anahtar Kelime:

PILGRIMAGES IN THE MEDIEVAL EUROPE

Öz:
Being a pilgrim in medieval Europe is very important for every faithful Christian. The presence of a large number of pilgrimages on the continent has made it easier for people to fulfill such a religious duty. The main purpose of pilgrimage is forgiveness of sins, but there are many other purposes such as healing, asking for children, thanking for the wish fulfilled. The exact number of pilgrims is not known as there are no reliable records. Women who lived under control throughout the age also made pilgrimages, but mostly went to places close to their homes. If they were to go far, they were usually accompanied by their husbands. There is no evidence that nuns made pilgrimages. Going to pilgrimage in this period is a dangerous and costly business. It is also possible to go on pilgrimage to someone else's place. Although the duration of pilgrimages varies according to the distance of the destination, they are usually long because transportation is not as developed as it is today. Events affecting many regions such as the great plague epidemic between 1346-51 and the Hundred Years War between 1337-1453 caused the pilgrimage to be interrupted. Nevertheless, the clergy and especially the popes encouraged people to go on pilgrimage. While one purpose of this encouragement is the forgiveness of people's sins, another purpose is for the clergy to earn a great income from pilgrimages. This income is so great that from time to time it has brought religious and worldly leaders against each other. The three most important pilgrimage centers of the continent in the Middle Ages were Rome, Santiego de Compostela and Canterbury.
Anahtar Kelime:

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APA GENÇ Ö (2023). ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. , 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
Chicago GENÇ Özlem ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. (2023): 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
MLA GENÇ Özlem ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. , 2023, ss.507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
AMA GENÇ Ö ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. . 2023; 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
Vancouver GENÇ Ö ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. . 2023; 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
IEEE GENÇ Ö "ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ." , ss.507 - 540, 2023. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
ISNAD GENÇ, Özlem. "ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ". (2023), 507-540. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.1224907
APA GENÇ Ö (2023). ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. Bilimname, (49), 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
Chicago GENÇ Özlem ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. Bilimname , no.49 (2023): 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
MLA GENÇ Özlem ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. Bilimname, vol., no.49, 2023, ss.507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
AMA GENÇ Ö ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. Bilimname. 2023; (49): 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
Vancouver GENÇ Ö ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ. Bilimname. 2023; (49): 507 - 540. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
IEEE GENÇ Ö "ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ." Bilimname, , ss.507 - 540, 2023. 10.28949/bilimname.1224907
ISNAD GENÇ, Özlem. "ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA HAC SEYAHATLERİ". Bilimname 49 (2023), 507-540. https://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.1224907