Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye
Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 71 - 77 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 İndeks Tarihi: 07-06-2023
Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye
Öz: Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of different spring waters and parasitic factors with different methods. Methods: This study was carried out on 69 water samples collected from different spring waters in and around Iğdır Province in April and June 2021. The samples were analyzed by native-Lugol, modified acid-fast staining, and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). In addition, altitude (meter) and pressure (mmHg) measurements were made at the point where the water samples were taken. Results: One or more parasites were detected in 27.5% of the 69 water samples examined. Only C. cayetanensis was found in 13% of the samples, only Cryptosporidium spp. in 10.1%, only Giardia spp. in 1.4%, only C. cayetanensis and Giardia spp. in 1.4%, only C. cayetanensis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. in 1.4%. Only Giardia spp. cyst (4.3%) was detected by the direct examination method. While C. cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in 8.7% and 7.2% of the samples by the modified acid-fast staining method, C. cayetanensis was detected in 15.9% and Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in 11.6% of the samples by nPCR. When the C. cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium spp. positivity rates were compared according to the characteristics of the water, there was no statistical difference between the altitude, salinity, pH, mmHg, and temperature (kelvin) values, but a significant correlation was found between the amount of dissolved oxygen and Cryptosporidium spp. positivity (p=0.047). Conclusion: Cryptosporidium spp., C. cayetanensis, and G. intestinalis are important waterborne pathogens that can cause epidemics. It is our belief that in order to reduce the risk of contamination of these parasitic factors with spring waters, public awareness should be raised, infrastructures should be improved, and new water treatment techniques, such as ultraviolet, ozonation and monitoring systems, should be used.
Anahtar Kelime: Farklı Kaynak Sularından Alınan Örneklerde Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. ve Cyclospora cayetanensis’in Araştırılması Iğdır, Türkiye
Öz: Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı kaynak sularının fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri ile paraziter etkenlerin farklı yöntemlerle araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 2021 yılı Nisan ve Haziran aylarında Iğdır ili ve çevresinden farklı kaynak sularından toplanan 69 su örneği üzerinde yürütüldü. Su numunelerinin ısı, pH, çözünmüş oksijen ve tuzluluk gibi fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri ölçüldü.Numuneler nativ-Lugol, modifiye asit fast boyama ve nested polimeraz zincir reaksiyon (nPCR) yöntemleri ile incelendi. Ayrıca su örneği alınan noktada rakım (metre) ve basınç (mmHg) ölçümleri yapıldı. Bulgular: İncelenen 69 su örneğinin 19’unda (%27,5) bir veya birden fazla parazit saptandı. Örneklerin 9’unda (%13) sadece C. cayetanensis, 7’sinde (10,1) sadece Cryptosporidium spp., birinde (%1,4) sadece Giardia spp., birinde (%1,4) C. cayetanensis ve Giardia spp., birinde (%1,4) ise C. cayetanensis, Cryptosporidium spp. ve Giardia spp. saptandı. Direkt bakı yöntemi ile sadece Giardia spp. kisti (%4,3) saptandı. Modifiye asit fast boyama yöntemi ile 6 (%8,7) örnekte C. cayetanensis, 5 (%7,2) örnekte Cryptosporidium spp. ookisti saptanırken, nPCR yöntemi ile 11 (%15,9) örnekte C. cayetanensis, 8 (%11,6) örnekte Cryptosporidium spp. DNA’sı saptandı. Suyun özelliklerine göre C. cayetenansis ve Cryptosporidium spp. pozitiflik oranları karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak rakım, tuzluluk oranı, pH, mmHg ve sıcaklık (kelvin) değerleri arasında bir fark saptanmadı, ancak çözünmüş oksijen miktarı ile Cryptosporidium spp. pozitifliği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı (p=0,047). Sonuç: Cryptosporidium spp., C. cayetanensis ve G. intestinalis, salgınlara neden olabilen önemli su kaynaklı patojenlerdir. Bu paraziter etkenlerin kaynak suları ile bulaşma riskini azaltmak için toplumun bilinçlendirilmesi, alt yapıların iyileştirilmesi ile birlikte ultraviyole, ozonlama ve monitoring sistem gibi yeni su arıtma tekniklerinin kullanılması gerektiği kanaatindeyiz.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | AKKAŞ Ö, Gürbüz E, AYDEMIR S, Şahin M, Ekici A (2023). Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. , 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| Chicago | AKKAŞ Önder,Gürbüz Esra,AYDEMIR SELAHATTIN,Şahin Maksut,Ekici Abdurrahman Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. (2023): 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| MLA | AKKAŞ Önder,Gürbüz Esra,AYDEMIR SELAHATTIN,Şahin Maksut,Ekici Abdurrahman Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. , 2023, ss.71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| AMA | AKKAŞ Ö,Gürbüz E,AYDEMIR S,Şahin M,Ekici A Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. . 2023; 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| Vancouver | AKKAŞ Ö,Gürbüz E,AYDEMIR S,Şahin M,Ekici A Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. . 2023; 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| IEEE | AKKAŞ Ö,Gürbüz E,AYDEMIR S,Şahin M,Ekici A "Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye." , ss.71 - 77, 2023. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| ISNAD | AKKAŞ, Önder vd. "Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye". (2023), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| APA | AKKAŞ Ö, Gürbüz E, AYDEMIR S, Şahin M, Ekici A (2023). Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 47(2), 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| Chicago | AKKAŞ Önder,Gürbüz Esra,AYDEMIR SELAHATTIN,Şahin Maksut,Ekici Abdurrahman Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 47, no.2 (2023): 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| MLA | AKKAŞ Önder,Gürbüz Esra,AYDEMIR SELAHATTIN,Şahin Maksut,Ekici Abdurrahman Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, vol.47, no.2, 2023, ss.71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| AMA | AKKAŞ Ö,Gürbüz E,AYDEMIR S,Şahin M,Ekici A Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi. 2023; 47(2): 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| Vancouver | AKKAŞ Ö,Gürbüz E,AYDEMIR S,Şahin M,Ekici A Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi. 2023; 47(2): 71 - 77. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| IEEE | AKKAŞ Ö,Gürbüz E,AYDEMIR S,Şahin M,Ekici A "Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye." Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 47, ss.71 - 77, 2023. 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
| ISNAD | AKKAŞ, Önder vd. "Investigation of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis in Samples Collected from Different Spring Waters Iğdır, Türkiye". Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 47/2 (2023), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.74936 |
