In this study, which assessed Afghanistan’s agricultural exports from the perspective of agricultural exporters, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 62 of a total of 600 identified exporters. Exporters were separated as fresh vegetable and fruit exporters and dried fruit and medicinal plant exporters, which constitute the main items of Afghanistan’s exports, and the data were evaluated. According to the exporters, the biggest obstacle for them to increase exports is the energy problem, followed by the problems of finding a market, cash shortage, bureaucracy, goods transport, unjustified excuses of civil servants, lack of international certificates, lack of standard places for processing and packaging, and insufficient warehouse. Potential risks and security issues directly or indirectly affect the business world. However, one of the most important obstacles to the growth of trade and the private sector is the market structure, where various conflicts are experienced and intervened in. The main solutions are effective and sustainable marketing services, practices that encourage foreign trade, incentives for investors, policies to reduce tariffs and customs clearance costs, strengthening the country's economic infrastructure, and increasing security measures. It is clear that the suggestions put forward by the research will make significant contributions to the economic development of Afghanistan.