The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period
Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 5 Sayfa Aralığı: 963 - 969 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 İndeks Tarihi: 06-07-2023
The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period
Öz: The study was carried out to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation on neonatal calves until the weaning period on the development and health status of calves, 24 (20 females and 4 males) Holstein calves were allocated to two groups; control group (CON, n=12) and probiotic group (PRO, n=12) respectively, considering to their date of birth, and their sex, and their birth weight. In the study, a commercial source of probiotics containing different strains of microorganisms (Enterococcus spp, Lactobacillus spp. Pediococcus spp., and Bacillus spp.) was used, calves were given free calf starter feed and water from the 4th day until weaning. 20 ml of probiotic was added to the milk replacer (MR) given in the morning meal to PRO calves from the 4th day to weaning. In the study, data on feed intake, diarrhea, and health were monitored daily, and body weight data were measured and recorded at birth, 4th, 18th, 46th, and 55th days and at weaning. In the study, MR intake, starter feed intake, daily live weight gains (LWG), and weaning ages were found similar among the groups (P>0.05) on the other hand, the incidence of diarrhea was decreased by 50% and the incidence of pneumonia decreased by 54% in the PRO group (P≤0.05). As a result, it was determined that probiotic intake did not have any effect on performance in newborn calves while it had positive effects on their health status.
Anahtar Kelime: Sütten Kesim Öncesi Dönemde Probiyotik Desteğinin Holstein Irkı Buzağıların Gelişme ve Sağlık Durumları Üzerine Etkileri
Öz: Doğum sonrası sütten kesime kadarki süreçte buzağılara probiyotik kullanımının buzağıların gelişme ve sağlık durumları üzerine olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülen bu araştırmada 24 baş (20 baş dişi ve 4 baş erkek) Holstein ırkı buzağı doğum tarihi, cinsiyet ve doğum ağırlıkları dikkate alınarak kontrol grubu (KON, n=12) ve probiyotik grubu (PRO, n=12) olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmıştır. Çalışmada farklı mikroorganizma suşlarını (Enterecoccus spp, Lactobacillus spp. Pediococcus spp., ve Bacillus spp.) içeren ticari bir probiyotik kaynağı kullanılmış olup probiyotik grubundaki buzağılara süt ikame yemi (SİY) ile birlikte sabah öğününde 20 ml/gün baş düzeyinde verilmiştir. Buzağılar doğumu takiben bireysel kulübelere alınmış ve ilk 3 gün boyunca günde 4 L/gün ağız sütü, tükettikten sonra 4-17. günlerde 6L/gün, 18-45. günlerde 9L/gün, 46-55. günlerde 6L/gün ve 55. günden sütten kesime kadar 3L/gün SİY tüketmişlerdir (150 g toz/1L). Buzağılara 4. günden itibaren sütten kesime kadar serbest düzeyde buzağı başlangıç yemi ve su verilmiştir. PRO buzağılara 4. günden sütten kesime kadar ki süreçte sabah öğününde verilen SİY içerisine 20 ml probiyotik ilave edilmiştir. Çalışmada yem tüketimi, ishal ve sağlık ile ilgili veriler günlük olarak takip edilmiş, canlı ağırlık verileri ise doğum, 4., 18., 46., 55. günlerde ve sütten kesimde ölçülerek kayıt edilmiştir. Çalışmada, KON ve PRO grubu buzağılarda ölçülen SİY ve başlangıç yemi tüketimleri ile günlük canlı ağırlık artışları (GCAA) ve sütten kesim sürelerinin benzer olduğu (P>0,05), buna karşın, PRO grubunda ishal görülme sıklığını %50 oranında, pnömoni görülme sıklığının ise %54 oranında azaldığı belirlenmiştir (P≤0,05). Sonuç olarak yenidoğan buzağılarda probiyotik tüketiminin performans üzerine herhangi bir etkisi olmazken sağlık üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Abe F, Ishibashi N, Shimamura S.1995. Effect of administration of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria to newborn calves and piglets. Journal of Dairy Science, 78(12): 2838–2846. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76914-4
- Cangiano LR, Yohe TT, Stele MA, Renault DL. 2020. Invited review: strategic use of microbial based probiotics and prebiotics in dairy calf rearing. Applied Animal Science, 36(5): 630-651. doi:https://doi.org/ 10.15232/aas.2020- 02049
- Cholewinskai P, Gorniak W, Wojnarowski K. 2021. Impact of selective environmental factors on microbiome of the digestive tract of ruminants. BMC Veterinary Research, 17 (25): 2-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02742-y
- Ecker E, Brown HE, Leslie KE, DeVires TJ, Steel MA. 2015. Weaning age affects growth, feed intake, gastrointestinal development, and behavior in Holstein calves fed an elevated plane of nutrition during the preweaning stage. Journal of Dairy Science, 98(9): 6315-6326.
- Görgülü M, Siuta A, Öngel E, Yurtseven S, Kutlu HR. 2003. Effects of probiotic on growing performance and health of calves. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 6(7): 651-654.
- Guo Y, Li Z, Deng M, Li Y, Liu G, Liu D, Liu Q, Liu Q, Sun B. 2022. Effects of a multi-strain probiotic on growth, health and fecal bacterial flora of neonatal dairy calves. Animal Bioscience, 35(2): 204-.216. doi:https://doi.org/10.5713 /ab.21.0084
- Jasper J, Weary DM. 2002. Effects of ad libitum milk intake on dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 85(11): 3054–3058. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74391-9
- Kawakami SI, Yamada T, Nakanishi N, Cai Y. 2011. Feeding of lactic acid bacteria and yeast affects fecal flora of Holstein calves. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10: 269– 271. doi:https://doi.org/10.3923/javaa2011.269.271
- Liu Bo, Wang C, Huassai S, Han A, Zhang J, He L, Aorigele C. 2022. Compound probiotics improve the diarrhea rate and intestinal microbiota of newborn calves. Animals (Basel)., 12(3):322. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030322
- Markowiak P, Śliżewska K. 2017. Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health. Nutrients, 9(9): 1021. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091021
- Mateu E, Martin M. 2000.Antimicrobial resistance in enteric porcine Escherichia coli strains in Spain.The Veterinary Record, 146(24): 703–5. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136 /vr.146.24.703
- Mazmanian SK, Liu CH, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL. 2005. An immunomodulatory molecules of symbiotic bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system. Cell, 122(1): 107-118. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091021
- Renaud DL, Kelton DF, Weese JS, Noble C, Duffield TF. 2019. Evaluation of a multispecies probiotic as a supportive treatment for diarrhea in dairy calves: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(5): 4498–4505. doi:https://doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2018-15793.
- SAS lnstitute Inc., 2002. User's Guide. Version 6.07, Cary, NC, USA Scott K, Kelton DF, Duffield TF, Renaud DL. 2019. Risk factors identified on arrival associated with morbidity and mortality at a grain-fed veal facility: A prospective, single cohort study. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(10): 9224–9235. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16829
- Soberon, F., Raffrenato, E., Everett, R.W., Van Amburg, M.E., 2012. Preweaning milk replacer intake and effects on long- term productivity of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 95 (2):783-793. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4391
- Stefanska B, Sroka J, Katzer F, Golinski P, Nowak W. 2021. The effects of probiotics, phytobiotics and their combination as feed additives in the diet of dairy calves on performance, rumen fermentation and blood metabolites during the preweaning period. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 272:114738.doi:https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114738
- Sweeney BC, Rushen JP, Weary DM, de Passille AB. 2010. Duration of weaning, starter intake, and weight gain of dairy calves fed large amounts of milk. Journal of Dairy Science, 93(1): 148–152. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2427
- Şahal M, Terzi OS, Ceylan E, Kara E. 2018. Buzağı ishalleri ve Korunma Yöntemleri. Lalahan Hayancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 58: 41-49.
- Urie NJ, Lombard JE, Shivley CB, Kopral CA, Adams AE, Earleywine TJ, Olson JD, Garry FB. 2018. Preweaned heifer management on US dairy operations: part V. Factors associated with morbidity and mortality in preweaned dairy heifer calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(10): 9229–9244. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-14019
- Wang H, Zhaotao Y, Gao Z, Li Q, Qiu X, Wu Fei, Guan T, Cao B, Su H. 2022. Effects of compound probiotics on growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood parameters, and health status of neonatal Holstein calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 105(3): 2190-2200. doi:https://doi.org/10.3168/ jds.2021-20721
- Wathes DC, Pollott GE, Johnson KF, Richardson H, Cooke JS. 2014. Heifer fertility and carry over consequences for lifetime production in dairy and beef cattle. Animal, 8(1): 91–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731114000755
- Wu Y, Wang L, Luo R, Chen H, Nie C, Niu J, Cheng C, Xu Y, Li X, Zhang W. 2021. Effect of multispecies probiotic mixture on the growth and incidence of diarrhea, immune fonction, and fecal microbiota of pre-weaning dairy calves. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12: 681014. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.681014
- Zhang R, Zhou M, Tu Y, Zhang NF, Deng KD, Ma T, Diao QY. 2016. Effect of oral administration of probiotics on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and stress-related indicators in Holstein calves. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, (Berl.), 100: 33–38.
- Zhao T, Doyle M, Harmon BG, Brown CA, Mueller EPO, Parks AH. 1998. Reduction of carriage of enterohemorrhagic Escerichia coli O157:H7 in cattle by inoculating with probiotic bacteria. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 36(3): 641-647.
| APA | Akbağ H, Kuru Ö, SAVAŞ T (2023). The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. , 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| Chicago | Akbağ Hande Işıl,Kuru Ömer Faruk,SAVAŞ TÜRKER The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. (2023): 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| MLA | Akbağ Hande Işıl,Kuru Ömer Faruk,SAVAŞ TÜRKER The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. , 2023, ss.963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| AMA | Akbağ H,Kuru Ö,SAVAŞ T The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. . 2023; 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| Vancouver | Akbağ H,Kuru Ö,SAVAŞ T The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. . 2023; 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| IEEE | Akbağ H,Kuru Ö,SAVAŞ T "The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period." , ss.963 - 969, 2023. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| ISNAD | Akbağ, Hande Işıl vd. "The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period". (2023), 963-969. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| APA | Akbağ H, Kuru Ö, SAVAŞ T (2023). The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, 11(5), 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| Chicago | Akbağ Hande Işıl,Kuru Ömer Faruk,SAVAŞ TÜRKER The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi 11, no.5 (2023): 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| MLA | Akbağ Hande Işıl,Kuru Ömer Faruk,SAVAŞ TÜRKER The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, vol.11, no.5, 2023, ss.963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| AMA | Akbağ H,Kuru Ö,SAVAŞ T The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi. 2023; 11(5): 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| Vancouver | Akbağ H,Kuru Ö,SAVAŞ T The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi. 2023; 11(5): 963 - 969. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| IEEE | Akbağ H,Kuru Ö,SAVAŞ T "The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period." Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, 11, ss.963 - 969, 2023. 10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
| ISNAD | Akbağ, Hande Işıl vd. "The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on the Development and Health Status of Holstein Breed Calves in the Pre-Weaning Period". Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi 11/5 (2023), 963-969. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i5.963-969.5300 |
