Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 2 - 19 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391 İndeks Tarihi: 26-09-2023

Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye

Öz:
The per capita expenditure of water and sewerage administrations (WSAs) is an important indicator of their performance and characteristics. In this context, the effects of four parameters were investigated on the per capita expenditure of WSAs of thirty MMs in Türkiye. These parameters were determined as the service time, region, population size and budget of metropolitan municipalities (MMs). According to the results of the study, the WSAs with serving longer time and of high budget MMs had higher per capita expenditures than the others. Moreover, for the region parameter, it was determined that the per capita expenditure of the WSAs was the lowest in the Southeastern Anatolia Region while being the highest in the Marmara Region. A positive correlation was detected between the population size and per capita expenditures of WSAs. Moreover, it was assessed how much of the MMs budget was allocated to the budgets of WSAs for understanding differences among the regions. It was found that similar ratios, approximately 40% of the budgets of the MMs in the other regions except for those in the Black Sea and Central Anatolia Regions were allocated to the budgets of WSAs. On the other hand, a higher percentage of the budgets of Black Sea MMs was allocated to the budgets of the WSAs while allocating a lower percentage of the budgets of Central Anatolia MMs. According to the results, it was proposed that all WSAs should prepare master plans for at least 30 or 40 years to optimize their per capita expenditures and establish a balance between their capital and operating and maintenance costs.
Anahtar Kelime:

Türkiye'de Su ve Kanalizasyon İdarelerinin Kişi Başı Harcamalarını Etkileyen Faktörler

Öz:
Su ve kanalizasyon idarelerinin (SUKİ) kişi başına harcamaları, SUKİ’lerin performansları ve karakteristik özelliklerine dair önemli bir göstergedir. Bu çalışmada, hizmet süresi, bölge, nüfus ve büyükşehir belediyesi (BB) bütçesi olarak seçilen farklı parametrelerin Türkiye’deki otuz büyükşehir belediyesi SUKİ'lerinin kişi başı harcamaları üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre hizmet süresi ve BB bütçesi daha yüksek olan SUKİ'lerin kişi başı harcamaları diğerlerine göre daha yüksektir. Ayrıca bölge bazında yapılan değerlendirmeye göre; Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin kişi başına düşen SUKİ harcamalarının en düşük, Marmara Bölgesi’nin ise en yüksek olduğu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Nüfus ile kişi başına düşen SUKİ harcamaları arasında da pozitif korelasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda bölgesel farkları anlamak için BB bütçelerinden ne kadarının SUKİ bütçelerine tahsis edildiği değerlendirilmiştir. Karadeniz ve İç Anadolu bölgeleri hariç diğer tüm bölgelerin SUKİ'lere BB bütçesinden yaklaşık %40 gibi benzer oranlarda pay ayırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Karadeniz BB'leri SUKİ'lere en yüksek payda, İç Anadolu BB'leri ise SUKİ’lere en düşük payda bütçe ayırmaktadır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre, kişi başına harcamaları optimize etmek ve yatırım sermayesi ile işletme ve bakım maliyetleri arasında bir denge kurmak için SUKİ’lerin en az 30 veya 40 yıllk master planlar hazırlamaları önerilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Adamiak, E. B., & Spychalski, P. (2021). Water savings and reduction of costs through the use of a dual water supply system in a sports facility. Sustainable Cities and Society, 66, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102620
  • Alıcı, V. O., & Özaslan, K. R. (2018). Analysis of the applicability of performance indicators of water and sewerage utilities. Strategic Public Management Journal, 4(8), 35-51. (in Turkish: Su ve kanalizasyon idarelerinin performans göstergelerinin uygulanabilirliğinin analizi). https://doi.org/10.25069/spmj.477175
  • Annual Total Areal Precipitations (n.d). DSİ. Retrieved June 11,2022, from https://www.dsi.gov.tr/Sayfa/Detay/754
  • Association of Drinking Water from Reservoirs, German Association of Energy & Water Industries, German Alliance of Water Management Associations, German Technical and Scientific Association for Gas & Water, German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste & German Association of Local Utilities (Eds.). (2020). Profile of German Water Sector. wvgw Wirtschafts- und Verlagsgesellschaft Gas und Wasser mbH. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://en.dwa.de/files/_media/content/07%20Englische%20Homepage/DWA/FINAL_brachen bild_ENGL_wasserwirtschaft_2020_DIN_A4_15032021.pdf
  • Bacanli, G. Ü., Dikbaş, F., & Baran, T. (2011). Meteorological drought analysis case study: Central Anatolia. Desalination and Water Treatment, 26(1-3), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2011.2105
  • Basa, Ş., & Kurt, S. (2017). Smart water management applications in water and sewerage administrations: Tekirdağ example. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, C.22, Kayfor15 Özel Sayısı, 1519-1532. (in Turkish: Su ve kanalizasyon idarelerinde akıllı su yönetimi uygulamaları: Tekirdağ örneği). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/sduiibfd/issue/53208/706714
  • Bene, J.G., Selek, I., & Hős, C. (2010). Neutral search technique for short-term pump schedule optimization. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 136(1), 133–137. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2010)136:1(133)
  • Cinar, T. (2009). Privatisation of urban water and sewerage services in Turkey: some trends. Development in Practice, 19(3), 350-364. http://doi.org/10.1080/09614520902808076
  • EurEau. (2020). The governance of water services in Europe. Retrieved November 11, 2022, from https://www.eureau.org/resources/publications/150-report-on-the-governance-of-waterservices-in-europe/file Lee, S. (2009). Development of public private partnership (PPP) projects in the Chinese water sector. Water Resources Management, 24, 1925–1945. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-009-9531-1
  • Ozgun, H., Cicekalan, B., & Ozturk, I. (2018). Comparative evaluation of tariff solvency rates for the existing water and wastewater management sector in Turkey. Sakarya University Journal of Science Institute, 22(2), 806-815. (in Turkish: Türkiye’de mevcut su ve atıksu yönetim sektörü için tarife ödeme gücü oranlarının karşılaştırılmalı değerlendirilmesi). https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.329934
  • Ozturk, I., & Seker., M. (Eds.). (2021). Ecology of the Sea of Marmara: Mucilage formation interactions and solutions. Turkish Academy of Sciences.(in Turkish: Marmara Denizi Ekolojisi: Müsilaj oluşumu etkileşimleri ve çözümleri).
  • Population projections, 2013-2075. (2013, March 14). TURKSTAT. Retrieved July 11,2022, from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Nufus-Projeksiyonlari-2013-2075-15844
  • Provincial populations by years. (2021,February 4). TURKSTAT. Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari
  • Sarıkaya, M. S., Kuş, Ç., Aydın, A., Yazıcı, B., Turan, F., Taner, Ö. F., Öztürk, I., Özgün, H., Çiçekalan, B., Goktas, O. C., Aydın, D., & Ebcin, O. (2019). Benchmarking of water and sewerage administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Water Institute. (in Turkish: Büyükşehir Su ve Kanalizasyon İdareleri Arasında Mukayeseli Değerlendirme Çalışması).
  • Sarıkaya, M.S., Kuş, Ç., Aydın, A., Biçer, İ.H., Öztürk, I., Fırat, M., Özgün, H., Aydın, D., & Goktas, O.C. (2022). Benchmarking of water and sewerage administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Water Institute. (in Turkish: Büyükşehir Su ve Kanalizasyon İdareleri Arasında Mukayeseli Performans Değerlendirmesi).
  • The law no: 2560, The Law on the establishment and duties of the General Directorate of Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration. (1981, November 20). Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.2560.pdf
  • The law no: 6360, The Law on the establishment of metropolitan municipalities and twenty-six districts in thirteen provinces, and amending certain laws and decrees. (2012, December 6). Retrieved June 14, 2022, from https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/12/20121206-1.htm
  • The Office of Water. (2022). About the Office of Water. United States Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/about-office-water
  • The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2020). Financing water supply, sanitation and flood protection: challenges in EU member states and policy options, OECD studies on water. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/6893cdac-en
  • Tuna, M., & Kınacı C. (1999). Evaluation of sewerage construction costs for Turkey. Journal of Water Pollution Control, 9(1), 27-34. (in Turkish: Türkiye için kanalizasyon inşa maliyetlerinin belirlenmesi)
  • Unsal, A., & Sulku, N. S. (2020). Determination and comparison of development levels between regions: The case of Türkiye. Journal of Turkish World Social Sciences, 95, 177-209. (in Turkish: Bölgeler Arası Gelişmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi ve Karşılaştırılması: Türkiye Örneği) https://doi.org/10.12995/bilig.9508
  • Water Framework Directive. (2000). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy or, in short, the EU water framework directive, Official Journal of the European Communities, 1-72,327. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32000L0060&from=EN
APA CENGİZ A, Guven H, ersahin m, Ozgun H, Tuna M, Kınacı C (2023). Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. , 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
Chicago CENGİZ ALİ İZZET,Guven Huseyin,ersahin mustafa evren,Ozgun Hale,Tuna Mustafa,Kınacı Cumali Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. (2023): 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
MLA CENGİZ ALİ İZZET,Guven Huseyin,ersahin mustafa evren,Ozgun Hale,Tuna Mustafa,Kınacı Cumali Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. , 2023, ss.2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
AMA CENGİZ A,Guven H,ersahin m,Ozgun H,Tuna M,Kınacı C Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. . 2023; 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
Vancouver CENGİZ A,Guven H,ersahin m,Ozgun H,Tuna M,Kınacı C Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. . 2023; 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
IEEE CENGİZ A,Guven H,ersahin m,Ozgun H,Tuna M,Kınacı C "Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye." , ss.2 - 19, 2023. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
ISNAD CENGİZ, ALİ İZZET vd. "Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye". (2023), 2-19. https://doi.org/10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
APA CENGİZ A, Guven H, ersahin m, Ozgun H, Tuna M, Kınacı C (2023). Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management, 7(1), 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
Chicago CENGİZ ALİ İZZET,Guven Huseyin,ersahin mustafa evren,Ozgun Hale,Tuna Mustafa,Kınacı Cumali Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management 7, no.1 (2023): 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
MLA CENGİZ ALİ İZZET,Guven Huseyin,ersahin mustafa evren,Ozgun Hale,Tuna Mustafa,Kınacı Cumali Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management, vol.7, no.1, 2023, ss.2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
AMA CENGİZ A,Guven H,ersahin m,Ozgun H,Tuna M,Kınacı C Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management. 2023; 7(1): 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
Vancouver CENGİZ A,Guven H,ersahin m,Ozgun H,Tuna M,Kınacı C Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management. 2023; 7(1): 2 - 19. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
IEEE CENGİZ A,Guven H,ersahin m,Ozgun H,Tuna M,Kınacı C "Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye." Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management, 7, ss.2 - 19, 2023. 10.31807/tjwsm.1182391
ISNAD CENGİZ, ALİ İZZET vd. "Factors Affecting Per Capita Expenditure of Water and Sewerage Administrations in Türkiye". Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management 7/1 (2023), 2-19. https://doi.org/10.31807/tjwsm.1182391