Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of skeletal muscle injury in the clinical course of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) using creatine kinase (CK) levels. Materials and Methods: The medical records of all patients with COVID-19 cases were retrospectively retrieved. These comprised two groups: patients with high CK levels and patients with normal CK levels. The CK level and its relationship with other clinical features and outcome were analyzed. Results: In the study period, 994 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 were identified. Of them, CK was measured in 873 patients. There were 74 patients with CK >500 IU/l and 33 patients with CK >1,000 IU/l. Seventeen patients had weakness and CK >500 IU/l. Use of favipiravir and hospitalization in the intensive care unit were the risk factors for high CK levels. The CK levels positively correlated with age, duration of hospitalization, duration in intensive care, and levels of liver function tests, serum urea, D-dimer, and ferritin levels, and negatively correlated with oxygen saturation and thrombocyte levels. Conclusion: This study showed that the use of favipiravir is a potential risk factor for elevated CK levels. Severe systemic inflammation, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and thrombosis may facilitate skeletal muscle damage. Prolonged intensive care is probably related to more severe inflammatory and coagulation response.

Anahtar Kelime:

COVID-19 Sırasında İskelet Kası Hasarı: 873 Hastalık Bir Kohort

Öz:

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) seyri sırasında, kreatin kinaz (CK) düzeyini kullanarak iskelet kas hasarı prevalansını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tüm COVID-19 hastalarının kayıtlarını retrospektif olarak inceledik. CK düzeyi yüksek hastalar ve normal CK düzeyi olan hastalar olmak üzere iki grup oluşturduk. İskelet kas hasarı prevalansını, diğer klinik özelliklerle ilişkisini ve sonuçları analiz ettik. Bulgular: Çalışma döneminde COVID-19 nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan 994 hasta belirledik. Bunlardan 873 hastada CK düzeyi ölçülmüştü. CK seviyeleri 500 IU/L’nin üzerinde olan 74 hasta ve 1.000 IU/l’nin üzerinde olan 33 hasta bulunmaktaydı. CK seviyeleri 500 IU/l’den yüksek olan 17 hastada kas güçsüzlüğü yakınması vardı. Favipiravir kullanımı ve yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatış, yüksek CK seviyeleri için risk faktörleriydi. CK düzeyleri yaş, hastanede kalış süresi, yoğun bakımda kalma süresi, karaciğer fonksiyon testleri, serum üre, D-dimer ve ferritin düzeyleri ile pozitif; oksijen satürasyonu ve trombosit düzeyleri ile negatif korelasyon gösterdi. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, favipiravir kullanımının yüksek CK seviyeleri için potansiyel bir risk faktörü olduğunu göstermiştir. Şiddetli sistemik enflamasyon, yaygın damar içi pıhtılaşma ve tromboz, iskelet kası hasarını kolaylaştırabilir. Uzun süreli yoğun bakım yatışı muhtemelen daha şiddetli enflamatuvar ve pıhtılaşma yanıtı ile ilişkilidir.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Bölük C, Ser M, aslan m, KARAALİ R, Borekci S, balkan i, UZUN N, KIZILTAN M, Gunduz A (2023). Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. , 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
Chicago	Bölük Cem,Ser Merve Hazal,aslan mehmet,KARAALİ Rıdvan,Borekci Sermin,balkan ilker,UZUN Nurten,KIZILTAN Meral,Gunduz Aysegul Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. (2023): 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
MLA	Bölük Cem,Ser Merve Hazal,aslan mehmet,KARAALİ Rıdvan,Borekci Sermin,balkan ilker,UZUN Nurten,KIZILTAN Meral,Gunduz Aysegul Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. , 2023, ss.143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
AMA	Bölük C,Ser M,aslan m,KARAALİ R,Borekci S,balkan i,UZUN N,KIZILTAN M,Gunduz A Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. . 2023; 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
Vancouver	Bölük C,Ser M,aslan m,KARAALİ R,Borekci S,balkan i,UZUN N,KIZILTAN M,Gunduz A Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. . 2023; 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
IEEE	Bölük C,Ser M,aslan m,KARAALİ R,Borekci S,balkan i,UZUN N,KIZILTAN M,Gunduz A "Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients." , ss.143 - 148, 2023. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
ISNAD	Bölük, Cem vd. "Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients". (2023), 143-148. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2023.77753

APA	Bölük C, Ser M, aslan m, KARAALİ R, Borekci S, balkan i, UZUN N, KIZILTAN M, Gunduz A (2023). Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, 29(2), 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
Chicago	Bölük Cem,Ser Merve Hazal,aslan mehmet,KARAALİ Rıdvan,Borekci Sermin,balkan ilker,UZUN Nurten,KIZILTAN Meral,Gunduz Aysegul Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 29, no.2 (2023): 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
MLA	Bölük Cem,Ser Merve Hazal,aslan mehmet,KARAALİ Rıdvan,Borekci Sermin,balkan ilker,UZUN Nurten,KIZILTAN Meral,Gunduz Aysegul Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, vol.29, no.2, 2023, ss.143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
AMA	Bölük C,Ser M,aslan m,KARAALİ R,Borekci S,balkan i,UZUN N,KIZILTAN M,Gunduz A Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi. 2023; 29(2): 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
Vancouver	Bölük C,Ser M,aslan m,KARAALİ R,Borekci S,balkan i,UZUN N,KIZILTAN M,Gunduz A Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi. 2023; 29(2): 143 - 148. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
IEEE	Bölük C,Ser M,aslan m,KARAALİ R,Borekci S,balkan i,UZUN N,KIZILTAN M,Gunduz A "Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients." Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, 29, ss.143 - 148, 2023. 10.4274/tnd.2023.77753
ISNAD	Bölük, Cem vd. "Skeletal Muscle Injury during COVID-19: A Cohort of 873 Patients". Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 29/2 (2023), 143-148. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2023.77753