Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria

BARAK, Timur Hakan; DÖĞENCİ, İrem; BARDAKCI, Hilal

doi:10.29228/jrp.433

Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria

Timur Hakan BARAK, (Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye)

İrem DÖĞENCİ, (Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi, İstanbul, Türkiye)

Hilal BARDAKCI (Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye)

Journal of research in pharmacy (online)

8 0

Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 1463 - 1473 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.29228/jrp.433 İndeks Tarihi: 28-07-2023

Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria

Öz:

Eucalyptus oil is prominent for its health-promoting and cosmetic utilizations. Thus, pure eucalyptus oil containing products are abundant in Turkish market. Natural products may be regarded as safe however, it is only accurate if the accessible products meet the international quality criteria. Türkiye is legally bounded to European Pharmacopoeia (EP) and there are various monographs for herbal products, including eucalyptus oil. Hence, for this study 16 eucalyptus oil samples obtained from different sources were investigated for their compliance with latest version of EP. Appearance, fatty oils and resinified essential oils, relative density, refractive index, optical rotation and aldehydes properties of the samples evaluated. For superior insight for chemical ingredients of the products, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were employed. Results denoted that all samples obtained from Turkish Market incompatible with the standards of EP. In view of these data, it was shown that enriched regulation mechanisms are required. When the variance between the sources of purchase evaluated, pharmacies are more accurate sources for purchasing such products nonetheless developments are yet needed.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

[1] Tang Y, Gong M, Qin X, Su H, Wang Z, Dong, H. The therapeutic effect of aromatherapy on insomnia: a metaanalysis. J Affect Disord. 2021; 288:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.066
[2] Goldbeck JC, do Nascimento JE, Jacob RG, Fiorentini ÂM, da Silva WP. Bioactivity of essential oils from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus urograndis against planktonic cells and biofilms of Streptococcus mutans. Ind Crop Prod. 2014; 60: 304-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.05.030
[3] Jafari F, Ramezani M, Nomani H, Amiri MS, Moghadam AT, Sahebkar A, Emami SA, Mohammadpour AH. Therapeutic effect, chemical composition, ethnobotanical profile of Eucalyptus globulus: A Review. Lett Org Chem. 2020;18(6): 419–452. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570178617999200807213043
[4] Mulyaningsih S, Sporer F, Reichling J, Wink M. Antibacterial activity of essential oils from Eucalyptus and of selected components against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Pharm Biol. 2011;49(9): 893-899. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2011.553625
[5] Gündel SS, de Godoi SN, Santos RCV, da Silva JT, de Menezes Leite LB, Amaral AC, Ourique AF. In vivo antifungal activity of nanoemulsions containing eucalyptus or lemongrass essential oils in murine model of vulvovaginal candidiasis. J Drug Deliver Sci Tech.2020; 57: 101762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101762
[6] Cermelli C, Fabio A, Fabio G, Quaglio P. Effect of eucalyptus essential oil on respiratory bacteria and viruses. Curr Microbiol.2008;56: 89-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-007-9045-0
[7] Kennedy-Feitosa E, Cattani-Cavalieri I, Barroso MV, Romana-Souza B, Brito-Gitirana L, Valenca SS. Eucalyptol promotes lung repair in mice following cigarette smoke-induced emphysema. Phytomed.2019; 55: 70-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2018.08.012
[8] Mishra AK, Sahu N, Mishra A, Ghosh AK, Jha S, Chattopadhyay P. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of essential oil of Eucalyptus leaf. Pharmacognosy J. 2010;2(16): 25-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0975- 3575(10)80045-8.
[9] Silva J, Abebe W, Sousa SM, Duarte VG, Machado MIL, Matos FJA. Analgesic and anti inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003;89(2-3): 277-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.007
[10] EDQM. European Pharmacopoeia, 10th ed.; EDQM: Strasbourg, France, 2019.
[11] Ichim MC, Häser A, Nick P. Microscopic authentication of commercial herbal products in the globalized market: Potential and limitations. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11: 876. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00876
[12] Özdogan FP, Orhan N, Ergun F. Studies on the conformity of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. samples from Turkish market to European pharmacopeia. Fabad J Pharm Sci. 2011; 36:25-32.
[13] Renda G, Tevek F, Korkmaz B, Yayli N. Comparison of the Alchemilla L. samples from Turkish herbal market with the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0. Fabad J Pharm Sci. 2017; 42(3): 167-177.
[14] Bektur Z, Mancak Kakarkuş, Koca Çalışkan U. Which Humulus lupulus drug samples meet the European Pharmacopoeia criteria: Cultivated, obtained from the herbalists or online shopping sites in Turkey?. J Res Pharm. 2022; 26(5): 1304-1316 https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.222
[15] Tombul AG, Orhan N, Sezik E, Ergun F. Morphologic, anatomical, and chromatographic studies on Eucalyptus (L’Hér.) samples from the market. Fabad J Pharm Sci. 2012; 37:79-87.
[16] Barak TH, Bölükbaş E, Bardakcı H. Evaluation of marketed rosemary essential oils (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in Terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 Criteria. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2022. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2022.78010
[17] Berkkan A, Dede-Türk BN, Pekacar S, Ulutaş OK, Orhan DD. Evaluation of marketed almond oils [Prunusdulcis (Mill.) DA Webb] in terms of European Pharmacopoeia Criteria. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2022; 19(3): 322-329. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.34101
[18] Orhan DD, Pekacar S, Ulutaş OK, Özüpek B, Sümmeoğlu D, Berkkan A. assessment of commercially safflower oils (Carthami Oleum Raffinatum) in terms of European Pharmacopoeia Criteria and their weight control potentials. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2022; 19(3): 273-279. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.84484
[19] Ueki S, Niinomi K, Takashima Y, Kimura R, Komai K, Murakami K, Fujiwara C. Effectiveness of aromatherapy in decreasing maternal anxiety for a sick child undergoing infusion in a paediatric clinic. Complement Ther Med. 2014; 22(6):1019-1026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2014.09.004
[20] Ichim MC, Booker A. Chemical authentication of botanical ingredients: a review of commercial herbal products. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12: 666850. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.666850
[21] Karadağ AE, Demirci B, Kültür Ş, Demirci F, Başer KHC. Antimicrobial, anticholinesterase evaluation and chemical characterization of essential oil PhlomiskurdicaRech. fil. growing in Turkey. J Essent Oil Res. 2020; 32(3):242-246. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2020.1743786
[22] Kumar P, Mishra S, Malik A, Satya, S. Compositional analysis and insecticidal activity of Eucalyptus globulus (family: Myrtaceae) essential oil against housefly (Musca domestica). Acta Tropica. 2012; 122(2): 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.01.015
[23] Maciel MV, Morais SM, Bevilaqua CML, Silva RA, Barros RS, Sousa RN, Souza-Neto MA. Chemical composition of Eucalyptus spp. essential oils and their insecticidal effects on Lutzomyia longipalpis. Vet Parasit. 2010; 167(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.09.053
[24] Pombal S, Rodilla J, Gomes A, Silva L, Rocha P. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the essential oil and antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts of the Eucalyptus globulusLabill. leaves. Glob Adv Res Agric Sci. 2014; 3(11): 356-366.
[25] Soonwera M, Sittichok S. Adulticidal activities of Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf.) and Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.) essential oils and of their synergistic combinations against Aedesa egypti (L.), Aedes albopictus(Skuse), and Musca domestica (L.). Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2020; 27: 20201-20214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08529-2
[26] Ghaffar A, Yameen M, Kiran S, Kamal S, Jalal F, Munir B, Jabbar A. Chemical composition and in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils extracted from seven Eucalyptus species. Molecules. 2015; 20(11): 20487-20498. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201119706
[27] Kassahun A, Feleke G. Chemical composition and physico-chemical analysis of Eucalyptus globulus leave and oil. Sci J Chem. 2019; 7(2): 36-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20190702.11
[28] Servi H, Demir U, Servi EY, Gundogdu B, Barak TH. Antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of four commercial essential oil samples from Boswellia carteri, B. serrata, and two chemotypes of Canarium luzonicum. J Essent Oil Bear Plants. 2023; 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2023.2165167

APA	BARAK T, DÖĞENCİ İ, BARDAKCI H (2023). Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. , 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
Chicago	BARAK Timur Hakan,DÖĞENCİ İrem,BARDAKCI Hilal Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. (2023): 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
MLA	BARAK Timur Hakan,DÖĞENCİ İrem,BARDAKCI Hilal Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. , 2023, ss.1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
AMA	BARAK T,DÖĞENCİ İ,BARDAKCI H Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. . 2023; 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
Vancouver	BARAK T,DÖĞENCİ İ,BARDAKCI H Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. . 2023; 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
IEEE	BARAK T,DÖĞENCİ İ,BARDAKCI H "Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria." , ss.1463 - 1473, 2023. 10.29228/jrp.433
ISNAD	BARAK, Timur Hakan vd. "Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria". (2023), 1463-1473. https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.433

APA	BARAK T, DÖĞENCİ İ, BARDAKCI H (2023). Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. Journal of research in pharmacy (online), 27(4), 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
Chicago	BARAK Timur Hakan,DÖĞENCİ İrem,BARDAKCI Hilal Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. Journal of research in pharmacy (online) 27, no.4 (2023): 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
MLA	BARAK Timur Hakan,DÖĞENCİ İrem,BARDAKCI Hilal Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. Journal of research in pharmacy (online), vol.27, no.4, 2023, ss.1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
AMA	BARAK T,DÖĞENCİ İ,BARDAKCI H Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. Journal of research in pharmacy (online). 2023; 27(4): 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
Vancouver	BARAK T,DÖĞENCİ İ,BARDAKCI H Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria. Journal of research in pharmacy (online). 2023; 27(4): 1463 - 1473. 10.29228/jrp.433
IEEE	BARAK T,DÖĞENCİ İ,BARDAKCI H "Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria." Journal of research in pharmacy (online), 27, ss.1463 - 1473, 2023. 10.29228/jrp.433
ISNAD	BARAK, Timur Hakan vd. "Evaluation of the essential oil samples that are sold as “Eucalyptus oil” on the market in Türkiye in terms of European Pharmacopoeia 10.0 criteria". Journal of research in pharmacy (online) 27/4 (2023), 1463-1473. https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.433