Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 109 - 117 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109 İndeks Tarihi: 10-08-2023

Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends

Öz:
This article aims to describe pilgrimage tourism in the Uttarakhand Himalaya: pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Pilgrimages – highlands and valleys are the main centers of spiritual tourism in the Uttarakhand Himalaya. Data on pilgrims’ inflow in the major pilgrimage centers from 2000 to 2018 were gathered from the Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board, Dehradun. The pilgrims from Indian subcontinents and abroad have been visiting the pilgrimage centers for time immemorial. Inflows of pilgrims in the pilgrimage centers vary from the river valley pilgrimages to the highland pilgrimages. Haridwar, a valley pilgrimage, receives the highest inflow of pilgrims, which is more than 50% of the total pilgrims’ inflows. Meanwhile, Yamunotri, a highland pilgrimage has the lowest inflow of pilgrims from within and outside countries. The main reason for the change in the number of pilgrims in these highland and valley pilgrimages was the availability of infrastructural facilities in the form of transportation and accommodation. In terms of the trends of pilgrims’ inflows during the period, it is not uniform. The state of Uttarakhand is highly vulnerable to climate-induced calamities, which are highly catastrophic, and leads to land degradation and roadblocks. The pilgrimage season in the Himalaya falls during the monsoon season when happy rainfall occurs. High rainfall variability has led to changing the number of pilgrims. This study reveals that pilgrimage tourism has immense potential for the economic development of the Uttarakhand Himalaya if suitable tourism infrastructural facilities are provided.
Anahtar Kelime: Inflows Trends Pilgrimage tourism Highland pilgrimage Valley pilgrimage Uttarakhand Himalaya

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Collins-Kreiner, N. (2016). Life cycle of concepts: the case of pilgrimage tourism, Tourism Geographies, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 322-334.
  • Digance, J. (2003). Pilgrimage at contested sites, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 30 No. 1, p. 143-159.
  • Elsner, J. (1992). A Greek pilgrim in the Roman World. Past and Present. Issue. 135. Oxford: Oxford University Press. P.3-29.
  • Ivakhiv, A. (2003). Middle Eastern Studies, American Geographical Society, 45(2), 269-292.
  • Josan, I. (2009). Residents perceptions of pilgrimage tourism. In: Sociology of Religion. Vol. 63. No. 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p475-496.
  • Liutikas, D. (2015). In search of miracles: pilgrimage to the miraculous places, Tourism Review, Vol. 70 No. 3, pp. 197-213.
  • Reader, I. (2007). Pilgrimage growth in the modern world: meanings and implications. Religion 37, 210– 229.
  • Bar, D., & Cohen-Hattab, K. (2003). A new kind of pilgrimage: The modern tourist pilgrim of nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century Palestine. Middle Eastern Studies, 39(2), 131-148.
  • Chidester, D., & Linenthal, E. T. (1995). American Sacred Space. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, and Indianapolis.
  • Dhar, R. L. (2015). Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Tourism Management, 46, 419-430.
  • Du Cros, H., & McKercher, B. (2014). Cultural tourism. London: Routledge.
  • Ghimire, K. B. (2013). The growth of national and regional tourism in developing countries: an overview. In The Native Tourist, London: Routledge.
  • Gladstone, D. L. (2013). From pilgrimage to package tour: Travel and tourism in the third world. London: Routledge.
  • Gokhale, J. B. (1986). The sociopolitical effects of ideological change: The Buddhist conversion of Maharashtra untouchables. The Journal of Asian Studies Association for Asian Studies, 45(2), 269-292.
  • Hernandez, A. I. (1996). Tourism, Religion and Spiritual Journeys. London, New York: Rutledge.
  • Hyde, K. F., & Harman, S. (2011). Motives for a secular pilgrimage to the gallipoli battlefields, Tourism Management, Vol. 32 No. 6, pp. 1343-1351.
  • Ivakhiv, A. (2003). Nature and self in new age pilgrimage. Culture and Religion Journal, 4(1), 94
  • Jafari, J., & Scott, N. (2014). Muslim world and its tourisms. Annals of Tourism Research, 44, 1- 19.
  • Karar, A. (2010). Impact of pilgrim tourism at Haridwar. The Anthropologist, 12(2), 99-105.
  • Kim, B., & Kim, S. (2018). Hierarchical value map of religious tourists visiting the Vatican city/Rome, Tourism Geographies, pp. 1-22.
  • MacCannell, D. (2013). The tourist: A new theory of the leisure class. Univ of California Press: CA.
  • Mair, J., & Whitford, M. (2013). An exploration of events research: event topics, themes and emerging trends. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 4(1), 6-30.
  • Nolan, M. L., & Nolan, S. (1989). Religious sites as tourism attractions in Europe, Annals of Tourism Research, 19(1): 68-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90107-Z.
  • Page, S. J., & Hall, C. M. (2014). The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space, London: Routledge.
  • Rao, N., & Suresh, K. T. (2013). Domestic tourism in India, The Native Tourist, London: Routledge, 212-242.
  • Reader, I. (2013). Pilgrimage in the Marketplace. London: Routledge.
  • Sati, V. P. (2013). Extreme Weather-Related Disasters: A Case Study of Two Flashfloods Hit Areas of Badrinath and Kedarnath Valleys, Uttarakhand Himalaya, India, Journal of Earth Science and Engineering, Vol 3, Pp. 562-568
  • Sati, V. P. (2015). Pilgrimage Tourism in Mountain Regions: Socio-Economic Implications in the Garhwal Himalaya, South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage, Vol 8(1) Pp: 164-182
  • Sati, V. P. (2018). Carrying Capacity Analysis and Destination Development: A Case Study of Gangotri Tourists/Pilgrims’ Circuit in the Himalaya, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research APJTR, Vol. 23 (3): 312-322, DOI: 10.1080/10941665.2018.1433220
  • Sati, V. P. (2020). Sustainable Tourism Development in the Himalaya: Constraints and Prospects, Springer International Publishers, Cham, Switzerland, ISBN 978-3-030-58853-3, P. XXV, 153
  • Sharma, S. P., & Gupta, S. (2006). Fairs and Festivals of India, Pustak Mahal.
  • Shinde, K. (2012). Leisure & Events, Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Vol. 4, No. 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2012.726107
  • Smith, M. K. (2015). Issues in cultural tourism studies. London: Routledge.
  • Stoddard, R. H., & Morinis, A. (1997). Sacred Places, Sacred Journeys. Geoscience Publications, Louisiana State University, Baton Roudge.
  • Timothy, D. J., & Olsen, D. H. (2006). Encountering God: Personal Reflections on Geographer as Pilgrim. Vol. 36. No. 3. Blackwell Publishing; p. 245-253
  • UNWTO. (2020). International Tourism Highlights, 2020 Edition. In International Tourism Highlights, 2020 Edition. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284422456
  • UTDB. (2018). Tourism Inflows in Uttarakhand, a report published by Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
APA Sati V (2023). Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. , 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
Chicago Sati Vishwambhar Prasad Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. (2023): 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
MLA Sati Vishwambhar Prasad Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. , 2023, ss.109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
AMA Sati V Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. . 2023; 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
Vancouver Sati V Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. . 2023; 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
IEEE Sati V "Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends." , ss.109 - 117, 2023. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
ISNAD Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad. "Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends". (2023), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
APA Sati V (2023). Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism, 8(2), 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
Chicago Sati Vishwambhar Prasad Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism 8, no.2 (2023): 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
MLA Sati Vishwambhar Prasad Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism, vol.8, no.2, 2023, ss.109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
AMA Sati V Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism. 2023; 8(2): 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
Vancouver Sati V Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism. 2023; 8(2): 109 - 117. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
IEEE Sati V "Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends." Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism, 8, ss.109 - 117, 2023. 10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109
ISNAD Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad. "Pilgrimage tourism in Uttarakhand Himalaya: Pilgrims’ inflows and trends". Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism 8/2 (2023), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.2023-8-2-109