In order to determine present status and problems of Siirt province’s viticulture and suggest solutions, this research was carried out. In addition, the climatic conditions of the region were evaluated in terms of viticulture. It has been noted that immigration from rural to the city has continuously caused a reduction in the vineyard areas and grape production. The most important reasons of underdeveloping of viticulture in Siirt province were determined as: the new vineyards are not established, modern viticulture techniques are not known, suitable standard varieties are not grown, vineyards are used as settlement areas and lower productivity and income. It was noted that although province’s climate conditions were suitable for viticulture, viticulture in Siirt has been still performed with traditional techniques. The existing problems of the province can be solved with the use of technical and cultural practices of modern viticulture.