X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış

GÜNASTI, BASAK

doi:10.17827/aktd.1319050

X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış

Başak GÜNAŞTI (Çukurova Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı, Adana, Türkiye)

Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi

20 3

Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 180 - 187 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1319050 İndeks Tarihi: 01-11-2023

X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış

Öz:

X kromozomunun inaktivasyonu dişi memelilerde iki tane olan X kromozomlarından bir tanesinin inaktive edilmesidir. İnaktivasyona uğrayacak X kromozomu, heterokromatin şeklinde paketlenmektedir. Böylece bu X kromozomunun üzerindeki genlerin eksprese edilmeleri önlenmektedir. İnaktivasyon işlemi, bir adet X kromozomu bulunan erkekler ile iki adet X kromozomu bulunan dişiler arasındaki dengeyi sağlamaktadır. X kromozomu inaktivasyonu, inaktive edilecek tüm X kromozomunda gerçekleştiği düşünülse de, X kromozomunun üzerindeki genlerin tamamı inaktivasyona maruz kalmayıp bir kısmı inaktivasyondan kaçmaktadır. İnsanlarda X kromozomundan kodlanan genlerin yaklaşık %12 ile 20'si kadarı inaktivasyon işleminden kaçarak eksprese olabilmektedir. Derlemede, X inaktivasyonunun mekanizmaları ele alınarak, aktivasyon sürecini ve aktivasyondan kaçan genleri inceleyeceğiz.

Anahtar Kelime: X kromozomu X inaktivasyonu Dozaj telafisi

X Chromosome Inactivation and Escape from Inactivation

Öz:

In female mammals, there are two X chromosomes, and one of them could be inactivated by some mechanisms, and this concept is called X inactivation. The X chromosome, which would be inactivated, is packaged in heterochromatin. Thus, the genes on this X chromosome are prevented from being expressed. The inactivation process maintains dosage compensation between males with one X chromosome and females with two X chromosomes. Although X chromosome inactivation is thought to occur on the entire X chromosome, not all of the genes on the X chromosome are exposed to inactivation, and some genes escape from inactivation. In humans, approximately 12 to 20% of the genes encoded by the inactivated X chromosome can be expressed by escaping the inactivation process. In this review, we will examine the inactivation process and genes that escape inactivation by considering the mechanisms of X inactivation.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	GÜNASTI B (2023). X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. , 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
Chicago	GÜNASTI BASAK X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. (2023): 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
MLA	GÜNASTI BASAK X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. , 2023, ss.180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
AMA	GÜNASTI B X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. . 2023; 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
Vancouver	GÜNASTI B X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. . 2023; 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
IEEE	GÜNASTI B "X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış." , ss.180 - 187, 2023. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
ISNAD	GÜNASTI, BASAK. "X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış". (2023), 180-187. https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1319050

APA	GÜNASTI B (2023). X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, 32(3), 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
Chicago	GÜNASTI BASAK X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi 32, no.3 (2023): 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
MLA	GÜNASTI BASAK X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, vol.32, no.3, 2023, ss.180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
AMA	GÜNASTI B X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi. 2023; 32(3): 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
Vancouver	GÜNASTI B X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi. 2023; 32(3): 180 - 187. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
IEEE	GÜNASTI B "X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış." Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, 32, ss.180 - 187, 2023. 10.17827/aktd.1319050
ISNAD	GÜNASTI, BASAK. "X Kromozomu İnaktivasyonu ve İnaktivasyondan Kaçış". Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi 32/3 (2023), 180-187. https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1319050