Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi

Gülen SAY, (Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Psikolojik Danışma Birimi, Ankara, Türkiye)
İhsan DAĞ (Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye)
AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi
55 0
Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 542 - 561 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.31682/ayna.1294891 İndeks Tarihi: 13-10-2023

Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi

Öz:
Bu çalışmada büyüklenmeci narsisizm, ebeveynleşme, kontrol odağı ve benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca büyüklenmeci narsisizm ile ebeveynleşme arasında kontrol odağı ve benlik saygısının aracı etkisini incelemek çalışmanın diğer amacını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 18-35 (Ort.=21.42, SS=2.78) yaş arasında yer alan 292’si (%70.5) kadın, 122’si (%29.5) erkek toplamda 414 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamak amacıyla, Beş Faktör Narsisizm Envanteri-Kısa Form, Ebeveynleşme Envanteri, Kontrol Odağı Ölçeği ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon analizleri ile, aracı değişken analizleri ise çoklu aracılı model testi (Bootstrap) ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre büyüklenmeci narsisizm ile ebeveynleşme, kişisel kontrol ve benlik saygısı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler söz konusudur. Öte yandan, büyüklenmeci narsisizm ve ebeveynleşme arasındaki ilişkide, benlik saygısının tam aracılık etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bakımdan ebeveynleşme deneyimleyen bireylerin, benlik saygılarının daha yüksek olduğu ve böylece büyüklenmeci narsisizm geliştirdikleri söylenebilir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, ebeveynleşme deneyimlerinin bireylerin kişilik özelliklerini nasıl etkilediğinin anlaşılması açısından önemlidir.
Anahtar Kelime: benlik saygısı ebeveynleşme kontrol odağı narsisizm

The Role of Parentification on Narcissism: The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Locus of Control

Öz:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among grandiose narcissism, parentification, locus of control, and self-esteem; and to elucidate the mediating roles of locus of control and self-esteem on the relationship between grandiose narcissism and parentification. The sample of the study consisted of 414 people, 292 (70.5%) of them were female, and 122 (29.5%) of them were male, aged between 18 and 35 (M=21.42, Sd=2.78). Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form, Parentification Inventory, Locus of Control Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to collect data. Within the scope of the study, the relations between the variables were examined with correlation analysis and mediator variable analysis with model test (Bootstrap). Results revealed that there was a significant positive significant relationship between both grandiose narcissism and parentification, and internal locus of control, and self-esteem. In this respect, it can be said that individuals who experience parentification have higher self-esteem, which in turn, might increase their risk of exhibiting grandiose narcissism. Obtained findings are important in terms of understanding how parentification experiences affect the personality organization of individuals.
Anahtar Kelime: locus of control narcissism parentification self-esteem

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Bibliyografik
  • Baldegger, U. ve Schroeder, S. H. (2017). The self-loving entrepreneur: Dual narcissism and entrepreneurial intention. Internatinal Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, 9(4), 373-391. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEV.2017.088639
  • Barry, C. T., Grafeman, S. J., Adler, K. K. ve Pickard, J. D. (2007). The relations among narcissism, self-esteem, and delinquency in a sample of at-risk adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 30(6), 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2006.12.003
  • Borchet, J., Lewandowska-Walter, A. ve Rostowska, T. (2016). The relationship between the experience of parentification and self-esteem among young adults. Polish Journal of Social Science, 11(1), 99-113.
  • Borchet, J, Lewandowska-Walter, A., Polomski, P., Peplinska, A. ve Hooper, L. M. (2020). We are in this together: Retrospective parentification, sibling relationships, and self-esteem. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 2982-2991. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01723-3
  • Boszormenyi-Nagy, I. ve Spark, G. (1973). Invisible loyalties: Reciprocity in intergenerational family therapy (1. Basım). Harper & Row.
  • Brummelman, E. ve Sedikides, C. (2020). Raising children with high self-esteem (but notnarcissism). Child Development Perspectives, 14(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12362
  • Brummelman, E., Thomaes, S. ve Sedikides, C. (2016). Separating narcissism from self-esteem. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 25(1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721415619737
  • Bulanda, R. E. ve Majumdar, D. (2009). Perceived parent–child relations and adolescent self-esteem. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18(3), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-008-9220-3
  • Burton, L. (2007). Childhood adultification in economically disadvantaged families: A conceptual model. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 56(4), 329–345. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2007.00463.x
  • Campbell, W. K., Rudich, E. A. ve Sedikides, C. (2002). Narcissism, self-esteem, and the positivity of self-views: Two portraits of self-love. Society for Personality and Social Psychology, 28(3), 358-368. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202286007
  • Castro, D. M., Jones, R. A. ve Mirsalimi, H. (2004). Parentification and the impostor phenomenon: An empirical investigation. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 32(3), 205-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926180490425676
  • Chase, N. D. (1999). Parentification: An overview of theory, research, and societal issues. İçinde N. D. Chase (Ed.), Burdened Children: Theory, Research, and Treatment of Parentification (ss. 3–33). Sage Publications.
  • Chen, C. ve Panebianco, A. (2020). Physical and psychological conditions of parental chronic illness, parentification and adolescent psychological adjustment. Psychology & Health, 35(9), 1075 1094. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2019.1699091
  • Çuhadaroğlu, F. (1986). Adölesanlarda benlik saygısı [Yayımlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Dağ, İ. (2002). Kontrol odağı ölçeği (KOÖ): Ölçek geliştirme, güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 17(49), 77-90.
  • Diaz, N., Siskowski, C. ve Connors, L. (2007). Latino young caregivers in the United States: Who are they and what are the academic implications of this role? Child & Youth Care Forum, 36, 131–140.
  • Ekşi, F. (2016). The short form of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory: Psychometric equivalence of the Turkish version. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 16(4), 1081-1096. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2016.4.0001
  • Engelhardt, J. A. (2012). The developmental ımplications of parentification: Effects on childhood attachment. Graduate Student Journal of Psychology, 14, 45-52.
  • Furnham, A. (2003). Belief in a just world: research progress over the past decade. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(5), 795-817. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00072-7
  • Gabbard, G. O. (2014). Psychodynamic psychiatry clinical practice (5. Basım). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
  • Gecas, V. (1982). The self concept. Annual Review of Sociology, 8, 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.08.080182.000245
  • Glickauf-Hughes, C. ve Mehlman, E. (1995). Narcissistic issues in therapists: Diagnostic and treatment considerations. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 32(2), 213–221. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.32.2.213
  • Glover, N., Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. R., Crego, C. ve Widiger, T. A. (2012). The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory: A five-factor measure of narcissistic personality traits. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94, 500–512. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2012.670680
  • Hooper, L. M. (2009). Parentification inventory. Louisville: Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville.
  • Hooper, L. M., Doehler, K., Wallace, S. A. ve Hannah, N. J. (2011). The Parentification Inventory: Development, validation, and cross-validation. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 39(3), 226-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2010.531652
  • Horton, R. S. (2011). Parenting as a cause of narcissism: Empirical support for psychodynamic and social learning theories. İçinde W. K. Campbell ve J. D. Miller (Edl.), The Handbook of Narcissism and Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Theoretical Approaches, Empirical Findings, and Treatments (ss 181-190). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Jankowski, P. J., Hooper, L. M., Sandage, S. J., & Hannah, N. J. (2013). Parentification and mental health symptoms: Mediator effects of perceived unfairness and differentiation of self. Journal of Family Therapy, 35(1), 43–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6427.2011.00574.x
  • Jones, R. A. ve Wells, M. (1996). An empirical study of parentification and personality. American Journal of Family Therapy, 24(2), 145-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926189608251027
  • Jurkovic, G. J. (1997). The plight of the parentified child. Brunner Mazel Inc.
  • Karslı, T. A. ve Anlı, İ. (2010). Effects of healthy and defensive narcissism on locus of control and viewpoint to “Trauma Experience”. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 507-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.133
  • Kelley, M. L., French, A., Bountress, K., Keefe, H. A., Schroder, V., Steer, K., … ve Gumienny, L. (2007). Parentification and family responsibility in the family of origin of adult children of alcoholics. Addictive Behaviors, 32(4), 675-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.06.010
  • Kernberg, O. (2020). Sınır durumlar ve patolojik narsisizm (M. Atakay, Çev.). Metis Yayınları. (1975)
  • Kohut, H. (2020). Kendiliğin yeniden yapılanması (O. Cebeci, Çev.). Metis Yayınları. (1977)
  • Köyden, D. (2015). Ebeveynleşme olgusunun depresyon, kaygı, öfke ve obsesif inanış biçimleriyle ilişkisinin incelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Köyden, D. ve Uluç, D. (2018). Ebeveynleşme ile psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkide cinsiyetin ve ebeveynleşmeden algılanan yararın rolü. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 33(81), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.5455/kpd.26024438m000070
  • Mathieu, C. ve St-Jean, É. (2013). Entrepreneurial personality: The role of narcissism. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(5), 527-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.04.026
  • Mays, C. J. ve Krueger, L. E. (2021). Does locus of control ınfluence parentification and anxiety in father–daughter relationships? Journal of Family Issues, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X21993187
  • McWilliams, N. (2011). Psychoanalytic diagnosis: Understanding personality structure in the clinical process (2. Basım). Guilford Press.
  • Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. R., Hyatt, C. S. ve Campbell, W. K. (2017). Controversies in narcissism. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 11(8). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045244 Minuchin, S., Montalvo, B., Guerney, B., Rosman, B. ve Schumer, F. (1967). Families of the slums (1. Basım). Basic Books.
  • Peris, T. S., Goeke-Morey, M. C., Cummings, E. M., ve Emery, R. E. (2008). Marital conflict and support seeking by parents in adolescence: Empirical support for the parentification construct. Journal of Family Psychology, 22(4), 633-642. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012792
  • Pincus, A. L., ve Lukowitsky, M. R. (2010). Pathological narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 421–446. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131215
  • Pincus, A. L., Ansell, E. B., Pimental, C. A. ve Cain, N. (2009). Initial construction and validation of the pathological narcissism inventory. Psychological Assessment 21(3), 365-79. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016530
  • Preacher, K. J., ve Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
  • Raskin, R., Novacek, J. ve Hogan, R. (1991). Narcissism, self-esteem and defensive self-enhancement. Journal of Personality, 59(1), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00766.x
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self image (1. Basım). Princeton University Press.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1976). Beyond self-esteem: Some neglected aspects of the self-concept [Sözlü bildiri]. Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association 1976, New York, USA.
  • Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal vs. external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0092976
  • Rotter, J. B. (1990). Internal vs. external control of reinforcement: A case history of a variable. American Psychologist, 45, 489-493. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.45.4.489
  • Rowa, K., Kerig, P. K. ve Geller, J. (2001). The family and anorexia nervosa: Examining paren-child boundary problems. European Eating Disorders Review, 9, 97-114. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.383
  • Saadat, M., Ghasemzadeh, A., Karami, S. ve Soleimani, M. (2012). Relationship between self-esteem and locus of control in Iranian University students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 530 – 535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.099
  • Schier, K., Herke, M., Nickel, R., Egle, U. T. ve Hardt, J. (2015). Long-term sequelae of emotional parentification: A crossvalidation study using sequences of regressions. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 1307–1321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-014-9938-z
  • Sherman, E. D., Miller, J. D., Few, L. R., Campbell, W. K., Widiger, T. A., Crego, C. ve Lynam, D. R. (2015). Development of a short form of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory: The FFNISF. Psychological Assessment, 27(3), 1110–1116. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000100
  • Sullivan, S. S. (2020). The relationship between trait narcissism and perceptions of control [Yayımlanmamış Lisans Tezi]. Bridgewater State Üniversitesi. Tabachnick, B. ve Fidell, L. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5. Basım). Allyn & Bacon/Pearson Education.
  • Tedgard, E., Rastam M. ve Wirtberg, I. (2019). An upbringing with substance-abusing parents: Experiences of parentification and dysfunctional communication. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 36(3), 223-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/1455072518814308
  • Titzmann, P. F. (2012). Growing up too soon? Parentification among immigrant and native adolescents in Germany. Journal of Youth Adolescence, 41, 880-893. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9711-1
  • Trumpeter, N., Watson, P. J. ve O'Leary, B. J. (2006). Factors within Multidimensional Perfectionism Scales: Complexity of relationships with self-esteem, narcissism, self-control, and self-criticism. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(5), 849–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.014
  • Watson, P. J., Sawrie, S. M. ve Biderman, M. D. (1991). Personal control, assumptive worlds, and narcissism. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 6(4), 929–941.
  • Wells, M. ve Jones, R. (2000). Childhood parentification and shame-proneness: A preliminary study. American Journal of Family Therapy, 28(1), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/019261800261789
  • Williams, K. ve Francis, S. E. (2010). Parentification and psychological adjustment: Locus of control as a moderating variable. Contemporary Family Therapy, 32(3), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-010-9123-5
  • Wink, P. (1991). Two faces of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), 590–597. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.4.590
  • Zeigler-Hill, V., Clark, C. B. ve Pickard, J. D. (2008). Narcissistic subtypes and contingent self-esteem: Do all narcissists base their self-esteem on the same domains? Journal of Personality, 76(4), 753-754. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00503.x
  • Żarczyńska-Hyla, J., Zdaniuk, B., Piechnik-Borusowska, J. ve Kromolicka, B. (2019). Parentification in the experience of Polish adolescents. the role of socio-demographic factors and emotional consequences for parentified youth. The New Educational Review, 55(1) 135-146. https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.2019.55.1.11
APA SAY G, DAĞ İ (2023). Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. , 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
Chicago SAY GÜLEN,DAĞ İHSAN Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. (2023): 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
MLA SAY GÜLEN,DAĞ İHSAN Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. , 2023, ss.542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
AMA SAY G,DAĞ İ Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. . 2023; 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
Vancouver SAY G,DAĞ İ Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. . 2023; 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
IEEE SAY G,DAĞ İ "Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi." , ss.542 - 561, 2023. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
ISNAD SAY, GÜLEN - DAĞ, İHSAN. "Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi". (2023), 542-561. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1294891
APA SAY G, DAĞ İ (2023). Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(3), 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
Chicago SAY GÜLEN,DAĞ İHSAN Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 10, no.3 (2023): 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
MLA SAY GÜLEN,DAĞ İHSAN Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, vol.10, no.3, 2023, ss.542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
AMA SAY G,DAĞ İ Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 2023; 10(3): 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
Vancouver SAY G,DAĞ İ Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 2023; 10(3): 542 - 561. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
IEEE SAY G,DAĞ İ "Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi." AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 10, ss.542 - 561, 2023. 10.31682/ayna.1294891
ISNAD SAY, GÜLEN - DAĞ, İHSAN. "Narsisizmde Ebeveynleşmenin Rolü: Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrol Odağının Aracı Etkisi". AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 10/3 (2023), 542-561. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1294891
Sayfa Oluşturulma Tarihi
26-04-2024 6:4

İLETİŞİM

TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM TR Dizin

Yüzüncüyıl, İşçi Blokları Mahallesi

Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Caddesi No:51/C

06530 Çankaya / ANKARA +90 (312) 298 92 00

trdizin@tubitak.gov.tr

TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM Ulusal Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi Cahit Arf Bilgi Merkezi © Tüm Hakları Saklıdır. Gizlilik Politikası Kullanım Şartları