Yıl: 2011 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 181 - 190 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle

Öz:
AMAÇ: Foramen magnum (FM) karmaşık yapıya sahip anatomik bir bölgedir. FM kaynaklı patolojiler yüksek mortalite ve morbidite ile seyreden cerrahi yaklaşım itibarı ile zor lezyonlardır. Oksipital kondil ve juguler tüberkül foramen magnum anterolateralinde yerleşen lezyonlara erişimi engelleyen ana kemik yapılardır. Oksipital kondil (OK) ve juguler tüberkül (JT) rezeksiyonu ile cerrahi sahanın daha rahat erişilebilirliğini bildiren çeşitli yayınlar mevcuttur. Çalışmamızın amacı FM bölgesinin tekrar betimlenmesi ve komşu yapıların varyasyonlarını gözden geçirmektir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇ: FM mikrocerrahi anatomisi 30 kuru kafa (60 taraf ) ve silikon ile doldurulmuş formalin ile fikse edilmiş 10 kadavrada çalışılmıştır. Morfometrik analizler, FM, OK, JT ve hipoglossal kanal (HK) varyasyonları belirlenmiştir. Kuru kafalarda OK, JT ve HK’ın 3 boyutlu radyolojik değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Kadavralarda far lateral transkondiler yaklaşım gerçekleştirilmiştir. BULGULAR: Spesimenlerde kısa ve uzun OK sırasıyla %5 ve %33 olguda gözlenmiştir. Yine, JT’nin düz formasyonu %10, yüksek formasyonu ise %23 olguda mevcuttur. Anatomik ölçümler ve karşılık gelen radyolojik ortalama değerlerin karşılaştırmasında istatistiksel fark gözlenmemiştir. SONUÇ: OK ve JT, beyin sapının anterolateral yüzeyini örten ana kemik yapılardır. Beyin cerrahları, en güvenli ve geniş cerrahi açılımı yapabilmek için FM çevresindeki yapıların varyasyonlarına hakim olmalıdırlar.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Cerrahi

Foramen magnum, oksipital kondil ve juguler tüberkülün anatomik varyasyonları

Öz:
AIM: The foramen magnum (FM) is a unique and complex anatomical region. The occipital condyle (OC) and jugular tubercle (JT) are the main bony structures which obscure the anterolaterally situated lesions of the FM.The aim of this study was to revisit the anatomy of the FM region and assess variations of the surrounding structures. MATERIAL and METHODS: Observations, on thirty dry skulls (dried specimens, 60 sides) and ten formalin-fixed cadaveric heads with perfused vessels, were carried out to define the microsurgical anatomy of the FM region. Morphometric analysis and variations of the FM, OC, JT and hypoglossal canal (HC) were noted. Radiological assessment (3D-computed tomography) of the OC, JT, HC were also conducted on dry skulls.RESULTS: The short and long OC were demonstrated in 5% and 33% of the specimens, respectively. Flat formation of the JT was determined in 10% and tall JT was found in 23% of the specimens. The comparison of the anatomical measurements and the correspondent radiological mean values did not achieve statistical significance.CONCLUSION: The OC and JT are the main bony prominences obstructing the anterolateral surface of the brainstem. Neurosurgeons should be familiar with variations of the structures surrounding the FM in order to perform the safest and widest exposure possible.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Cerrahi
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA AVCI E, Dagtekin A, ÖZTÜRK A, Kara E, öztürk n, ULUÇ K, AKTÜRE E, BAŞKAYA M (2011). Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. , 181 - 190.
Chicago AVCI Emel,Dagtekin Ahmet,ÖZTÜRK A. Hakan,Kara Engin,öztürk nail can,ULUÇ Kutlay,AKTÜRE Erinç,BAŞKAYA Mustafa K. Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. (2011): 181 - 190.
MLA AVCI Emel,Dagtekin Ahmet,ÖZTÜRK A. Hakan,Kara Engin,öztürk nail can,ULUÇ Kutlay,AKTÜRE Erinç,BAŞKAYA Mustafa K. Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. , 2011, ss.181 - 190.
AMA AVCI E,Dagtekin A,ÖZTÜRK A,Kara E,öztürk n,ULUÇ K,AKTÜRE E,BAŞKAYA M Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. . 2011; 181 - 190.
Vancouver AVCI E,Dagtekin A,ÖZTÜRK A,Kara E,öztürk n,ULUÇ K,AKTÜRE E,BAŞKAYA M Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. . 2011; 181 - 190.
IEEE AVCI E,Dagtekin A,ÖZTÜRK A,Kara E,öztürk n,ULUÇ K,AKTÜRE E,BAŞKAYA M "Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle." , ss.181 - 190, 2011.
ISNAD AVCI, Emel vd. "Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle". (2011), 181-190.
APA AVCI E, Dagtekin A, ÖZTÜRK A, Kara E, öztürk n, ULUÇ K, AKTÜRE E, BAŞKAYA M (2011). Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. Turkish Neurosurgery, 21(2), 181 - 190.
Chicago AVCI Emel,Dagtekin Ahmet,ÖZTÜRK A. Hakan,Kara Engin,öztürk nail can,ULUÇ Kutlay,AKTÜRE Erinç,BAŞKAYA Mustafa K. Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. Turkish Neurosurgery 21, no.2 (2011): 181 - 190.
MLA AVCI Emel,Dagtekin Ahmet,ÖZTÜRK A. Hakan,Kara Engin,öztürk nail can,ULUÇ Kutlay,AKTÜRE Erinç,BAŞKAYA Mustafa K. Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. Turkish Neurosurgery, vol.21, no.2, 2011, ss.181 - 190.
AMA AVCI E,Dagtekin A,ÖZTÜRK A,Kara E,öztürk n,ULUÇ K,AKTÜRE E,BAŞKAYA M Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. Turkish Neurosurgery. 2011; 21(2): 181 - 190.
Vancouver AVCI E,Dagtekin A,ÖZTÜRK A,Kara E,öztürk n,ULUÇ K,AKTÜRE E,BAŞKAYA M Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle. Turkish Neurosurgery. 2011; 21(2): 181 - 190.
IEEE AVCI E,Dagtekin A,ÖZTÜRK A,Kara E,öztürk n,ULUÇ K,AKTÜRE E,BAŞKAYA M "Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle." Turkish Neurosurgery, 21, ss.181 - 190, 2011.
ISNAD AVCI, Emel vd. "Anatomical variations of the foramen magnum, occipital condyle and jugular tubercle". Turkish Neurosurgery 21/2 (2011), 181-190.