The article studies the Charter of the Fundamental Rights of the European Union (EU). In this framework, first of all, the policies and attitudes of the EU towards fundamental rights are studied. In this way, the historical development of fundamental rights/human rights in the EU are showed. Then, the article focuses on the process of preparation of the Charter. After that, the article gives attention to the Charter, its content and improvements which occure with the Charter. Later, the article examines the effects of the Charter on Turkey. Because of being a candidate state to the EU, the Charter is important for Turkey, too. At the end, a general evaluation is made about the Charter and its importance.