Yıl: 2013 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 5 Sayfa Aralığı: 839 - 863 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey

Öz:
We present detailed Messinian paleoenvironmental reconstructions for the Adana Basin based on a multidisciplinary approach that utilizes the fossil content of the Kuzgun and Handere Formations. To reconstruct the paleoenvironmental changes that affected the Adana Basin during the Messinian, we analyzed mollusk, ostracod, planktonic and benthonic foraminifer, and calcareous nannofossil assemblages from 2 stratigraphic sections near Kabasakal village (Adana, southern Turkey). To determine if the environmental changes recognized in the Adana Basin are local or regional, and to understand the extent to which the global changes in oceanic circulation impacted the Mediterranean sedimentary basins, we compare our results with Messinian sections from other locations in the Mediterranean region (northern Italy, southern Italy, Cyprus, Algeria, and southern Turkey). The occurrence of N. humerosa, G. bulloides, G. woodi, N. acostaensis, N. atlantica (planktonic forams), S. multiflora, T. rugosa, P. elongata, C. scitula, L. lipadusensis (ostracods), R. rotaria, A. primus, and A. delicatus (calcareous nannofossils) allows us to constrain the uppermost part of the Kuzgun Formation to the early Messinian. The ostracod assemblages indicate an enclosed marine environment characterized by sporadic local freshwater inputs that decreased the salinity of the basin. In contrast, in the late Messinian Handere Formation, the presence of Paratethyan ostracods pertaining to the Loxoconcha mülleri zone and to the Loxocorniculina djafarovi zone in the Handere Formation indicates the occurrence of the Messinian brackish water Lago-Mare event in the Adana Basin, which occurred throughout the Mediterranean between 5.60 and 5.33 Ma.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Jeoloji
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Aksu, A.E., Calon, T.J., Hall, J., Mansfield, S. & Yaşar, D. 2005. The Cilicia-Adana basin complex, Eastern Mediterranean: Neogene evolution of an active fore-arc basin in an obliquely convergent margin. Marine Geology 221, 121–159.
  • Aruta, L. 1966. Ostracodi del Saheliano (Miocene sup.) dei dintorni di Calatafimi (Sicilia Sud-Occidentale). Rivista Mineriaria Siciliana 100–102, 198–207.
  • Aruta, L. 1983. Gli Ostracodi del Saheliano (Miocene medio superiore) di C. Pestavecchia (Bonfornello, Palermo). Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 21, 113–132.
  • Babinot, J.F. 2002. Ostracodes miocènes de séries annexes aux Bassin de Köprüçay et de Manavgat, région d’Antalya (Sud- Turquie): Systématique - Implications stratigraphiques et paléoenvironnementales. Revue de Paléobiologie 21, 735–757.
  • Babinot, J.F. & Boukli-Hacene, S. 1998. Associations d’ostracodes en faciès mixtes de plate-forme: l’example du Messinien de la région nord de Tessala (Oranie, Algérie). Revue de Micropaléontologie 41, 3–17.
  • Backman, J. & Raffi, I. 1997. Calibration of Miocene nannofossil events to orbitally-tuned cyclostratigraphies from Ceara Rise. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 154, 83–99.
  • Bassetti, M.A., Miculan, P. & Sierro, F.J. 2006. Evolution of depositional environments after the end of Messinian salinity crisis in Nijar Basin (SE Betic Cordillera). Sedimentary Geology 188–189, 279–295.
  • Bellanca, A., Caruso, A., Ferruzza, G., Neri, R., Rouchy, J.M., Sprovieri, M., Blanc-Valleron, M.M. 2001. Transition from marine to hypersaline conditions in the Messinian Tripoli Formation from the marginal areas of the central Sicilian Basin. Sedimentary Geology 140, 87–105.
  • Benson, R.H. 2000. Neogene temperate climatic variation and forcing in Tethys and Paratethys. Geological Society of Greece, Special Publications 9, 19–35.
  • Blanc, P.L. 2006. Improved modelling of the Messinian salinity crisis and conceptual implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 238, 349–372.
  • Blanc-Valleron, M.M., Pierre, C., Caulet, J.P., Caruso, A., Rouchy, J.M., Cespuglio, G., Sprovieri, R., Pestrea, S. & Di Stefano, E. 2002. Sedimentary, stable isotope, and micropaleontological records of paleoceanographic change in the Messinian Tripoli Formation (Sicily, Italy). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 185, 255–286.
  • Blanc-Valleron, M.M., Rouchy, J.M., Pierre, C., Badaut-Trauth, D. & Schuler, M. 1998. Evidence of Messinian non-marine deposition at Site 968 (Cyprus Lower Slope). In: Robertson, A.H.F., Emeis, K.C., Richter, A. & Camerlenghi, A. (eds), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 160. Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 437–445.
  • Bonaduce, G., Ruggieri, G. & Russo, A. 1988. New Ostracode genera of the Mediterranean Miocene. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 27, 349–360.
  • CIESM (Commission Internationale pour l’Exploration de la Mer Mediterranee, Monaco). 2008. The Messinian Salinity Crisis from Mega-Deposits to Microbiology: A Consensus Report. CIESM Workshop Monograph 33, 1–168.
  • Çiner, A., Karabıyıkoğlu, M., Monod, O., Deynoux, M. & Tuzcu, S. 2008. Late Cenozoic sedimentary evolution of the Antalya Basin, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 17, 1–41.
  • Cipollari, P., Cosentino, D., Esu, D., Girotti, O., Gliozzi, E. & Praturlon, A. 1999a. The central Apennine (Italy) accretionary wedge: recognition of lacustrine environment in a late Messinian thrust-top basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 151, 149–166.
  • Cipollari, P., Cosentino, D. & Gliozzi, E. 1999b. Extension- and compression-related basins in central Italy during the Messinian lago-mare event. Tectonophysics 315, 163–185.
  • Cipollari, P., Cosentino, D., Radeff, G., Schildgen, T.F., Faranda, C., Grossi, F., Gliozzi, E., Smedile, A., Gennari, R., Darbas, G., Dudas, F.Ö., Gürbüz, K., Nazik, A. & Echtler, H.P. 2012. Easternmost Mediterranean evidence of the Zanclean flooding event and subsequent surface uplift: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Geological Society (London) Special Publications, 372, doi: 10.1144/SP372.5.
  • Cipollari, P., Halásová, E., Gürbüz, K. & Cosentino, D. 2013. Middle- Upper Miocene paleogeography of southern Turkey: insights from stratigraphy and calcareous nannofossil biochronology of the Olukpınar and Başyayla sections (Mut-Ermenek Basin). “Late Cenozoic Evolution of the Central Anatolia Plateau” In: Çiner, A., Strecker, M. & Bertotti, G. (eds), Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 22, 820–838.
  • Cosentino, D., Bertini, A., Cipollari, P., Florindo, F., Gliozzi, E., Grossi, F., Lo Mastro, S. & Sprovieri M. 2012a. Orbitally-forced palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimate changes in the late post-evaporitic Messinian stage of the central Mediterranean Basin. Geological Society of America Bulletin 124, 499–516.
  • Cosentino, D., Buchwaldt, R., Sampalmieri, G., Iadanza, A., Cipollari, P., Schildgen, T.F., Hinnov L.A., Ramezani, J. & Bowring, S.A. 2013. Refining the Mediterranean “Messinian gap” with highprecision U-Pb zircon geochronology, central and northern Italy. Geology 41, 323–326.
  • Cosentino, D., Carboni, M.G., Cipollari, P., Di Bella, L., Florindo, F., Laurenzi, M.A. & Sagnotti, L. 1997. Integrated stratigraphy of the Tortonian/Messinian boundary: the Pietrasecca composite section (central Apennines, Italy). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 90, 229–244.
  • Cosentino, D., Darbaş, G., Gliozzi, E., Grossi, F., Gürbüz, K. & Nazik, A. 2010a. How did the Messinian salinity crisis impact the Adana Basin? 7th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, Adana, Turkey, 18–22 October 2010. Abstract Book, 145.
  • Cosentino, D., Darbaş, G. & Gürbüz, K. 2010b. The Messinian salinity crisis in the marginal basins of the peri-Mediterranean orogenic systems: examples from the central Apennines (Italy) and the Adana Basin (Turkey). Geophysical Research Abstracts, Volume 12.
  • Cosentino, D., Federici I., Cipollari, P. & Gliozzi, E. 2006. Environments and tectonic instability in central Italy (Garigliano Basin) during the late Messinian Lago-Mare episode: new data from the onshore Mondragone 1 well. Sedimentary Geology 188, 297–317.
  • Cosentino, D., Gliozzi, E. & Pipponzi, G. 2007. The late Messinian Lago-Mare episode in the Mediterranean Basin: preliminary report on the occurrence of Paratethyan ostracod fauna from central Crete (Greece). Geobios 40, 339–349.
  • Cosentino, D., Radeff, G., Darbaş, G., Dudas, F.O., Gürbüz, K. & Schildgen, T.F. 2010c. Late Miocene geohistory of the Mut and Adana basins (southern Turkey): insight for uplift of the southern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau. Tectonic Crossroads: Evolving Orogens of Eurasia-Africa-Arabia-GSA Global Meeting, Ankara, Turkey, 2–4 October 2010. Abstract volume (12–2) 34–35.
  • Cosentino, D., Schildgen, T.F., Cipollari, P., Faranda, C., Gliozzi, E., Hudáčková, N., Lucifora, S. & Strecker, M.R. 2012b. Late Miocene surface uplift of the southern margin of the Central Anatolian plateau, Central Taurides, Turkey. Geological Society of America Bulletin 124, 133–145.
  • Cronin, B.T., Gürbüz, K., Hurst, A. & Satur, N. 2000. Vertical and lateral organization of a carbonate deep-water slope marginal to a submarine fan system, Miocene, southern Turkey. Sedimentology 47, 801–824.
  • Dall’Antonia, B. & Bossio, A. 2001. Middle Miocene ostracods from the Salentine Peninsula. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 106, 395–398.
  • Darbaş, G. & Nazik, A. 2010. Micropaleontology and paleoecology of the Neogene sediments in the Adana Basin (South of Turkey). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 39, 136–147.
  • Deynoux, M., Çiner, A., Monod, O., Karabıyıkoğlu, M., Manatschal, G. & Tuzcu, S. 2005. Facies architecture and depositional evolution of alluvial fan to fan-delta complexes in the tectonically active Miocene Köprüçay Basin, Isparta Angle, Turkey. Sedimentary Geology 173, 315–343.
  • Di Stefano, A. & Sturiale, G. 2010. Refinements of calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy at the Miocene/Pliocene Boundary in the Mediterranean region. Géobios 43, 5–20.
  • Doruk, N. 1978. Neogene and Quaternary Ostracoda of Adana and Antakya Basin (Turkey). In: Krstic, N. (ed), Taxonomy, Biostratigraphy and Distribution of Ostracodes. Serbian Geological Society, Belgrade, 165–172.
  • Faranda, C., Cipollari, P., Cosentino, D., Gliozzi, E. & Pipponzi, G. 2008. Late Miocene ostracod assemblages from eastern Mediterranean coral-reef complexes (central Crete, Greece). Revue de Micropaléontologie 51, 287–308.
  • Frydas, D. 2004. Calcareous and siliceous phytoplankton stratigraphy of Neogene marine sediments in central Crete (Greece). Revue de Micropaléontologie 47, 87–102.
  • Galoukas, S. & Danielopol, D.L. 2004. Taxonomic diversity of Late Cenozoic Cytheroidea (Ostracoda) from Cyprus Island. In: Gliozzi, E. & Russo, A. (eds), Proceedings of the 1st Meeting of the Italian Ostracodologists “In memory of Giuliano Ruggieri”. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 43, 181–199.
  • Gliozzi, E., Ceci, M.E., Grossi, F. & Ligios, S. 2007. Parathethyan ostracod immigrants in Italy during Late Miocene. Géobios 40, 325–337.
  • Gliozzi, E. & Grossi, F. 2008. Late Messinian Lago-mare ostracod palaeoecology: a correspondence analysis approach. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 264, 288– 295.
  • Görür, N. 1979. Sedimentology of the Karaisalı Limestone. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Turkey 22, 227–235 (in Turkish).
  • Griffin, D.L. 2002. Aridity and humidity: two aspects of the late Miocene climate of North Africa and the Mediterranean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 182, 65–91.
  • Grossi, F., Cosentino, D. & Gliozzi, E. 2008. Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the late Messinian lago-mare successions in central and eastern Mediterranean using ostracod assemblages. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 47, 131–146.
  • Grossi, F., Gliozzi, E. & Cosentino, D. 2011. Paratethyan ostracod immigrants mark the biostratigraphy of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Joannea Geologie und Palaeontologie 11, 66–68.
  • Guernet, C. 2005. Ostracodes et stratigraphie du néogène et du quaternarie méditerranéens. Revue de Micropaléontologie 48, 83–121.
  • Guerra-Merchán, A., Serrano, F., Garcés, M., Gofas, S., Esu, D., Gliozzi, E. & Grossi, F. 2010. Messinian Lago-Mare deposits near the Strait of Gibraltar (Malaga Basin, S Spain). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 285, 264–276.
  • Gürbüz, K. & Kelling, G. 1993. Provenance of Miocene submarine fans in the northern Adana Basin, southern Turkey: a test of discriminant function analysis. Geological Journal 28, 277–293.
  • Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A.T. & Ryan, P.D. 2001. PAST: Palaeontological Statistics. Software package for education and data analysis. Paleontologia Electronica 4, 1–9.
  • Hilgen, F.J., Bissoli, L., Iaccarino, S., Krijgsman, W., Meijer, R., Negri, A. & Villa, G. 2000. Integrated stratigraphy and astrochronology of the Messinian GSSP at Oued Akrech (Atlantic Morocco). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 182, 237–251.
  • Hilgen, F.J., Kuiper, K., Krijgsman, W., Snel, E. & van der Laan, E. 2007. Astronomical tuning as the basis for high resolution chronostratigraphy: the intricate history of the Messinian salinity crisis. Stratigraphy 4, 231–238.
  • Hilgen, H., Aziz, H.A., Bice, D., Iaccarino, S., Krijgsman, W., Kuiper, K., Montanari, A., Raffi, I., Turco, E. & Zachariasse, W.J. 2005. The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Tortonian Stage (Upper Miocene) at Monte Dei Corvi. Episodes 28, 6–17.
  • Hsü, K.J., Ryan, W.F.B. & Cita, M.B. 1973. Late Miocene desiccation of the Mediterranean. Nature 242, 240–244.
  • Hüsing, S.K., Zachariasse, W.J., Van Hinsbergen, D.J.J., Krijgsman, W., Inceöz, M., Harzhauser, M., Mandic, O. & Kroh, A. 2009. Oligocene Miocene basin evolution in SE Anatolia, Turkey: constraints on the closure of the eastern Tethys gateway. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 311, 107–132.
  • Iaccarino, S. & Bossio, A. 1999. Paleoenvironment of uppermost Messinian sequences in the western Mediterranean (Sites 974, 975, and 978). In: Zahn, R., Comas, M.C. & Klaus, A. (eds), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 161. Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 529–541.
  • Iaccarino, S., Cita, M.B., Gaboardi, S. & Grappini, G.M. 1999. Highresolution biostratigraphy at the Miocene/Pliocene boundary in Holes 974B and 975B, western Mediterranean. In: Zahn, R., Comas, M.C. & Klaus, A. (eds), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 161. Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 197–221.
  • Iaccarino, S.M., Premoli Silva, I., Biolz, M., Foresi, L.M., Lirer, F., Urco, E. & Petrizzo, M.R. 2007. Practical manual of Neogene planktonic foraminifera. International School on Planktonic Foraminifera. VI course: Neogene. Perugia (Italy), February 19–23, 2007, 1–181.
  • Kouwenhoven, T.J., Hilgen, F.J. & van der Zwaan, G.J. 2003. Late Tortonian-early Messinian stepwise disruption of the Mediterranean-Atlantic connections: constraints from benthic foraminiferal and geochemical data, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 198, 303–319.
  • Kouwenhoven, T.J., Morigi, C., Negri, A., Giunta, S., Krijgsman, W. & Rouchy, J.M. 2006. Paleoenvironmental evolution of the eastern Mediterranean during the Messinian: constraints from integrated microfossil data of the Pissouri basin (Cyprus). Marine Micropaleontology 60, 17–44.
  • Kouwenhoven, T.J., Seidenkrantz, M.S. & van der Zwaan, G.J. 1999. Deep-water changes: the near-synchronous disappearance of a group of benthic foraminifera from the late Miocene Mediterranean, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 152, 259–281.
  • Krijgsman, W., Hilgen, F.J., Raffi, I., Sierro, F.J. & Wilson, D.S. 1999. Chronology, causes and progression of the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature 400, 652–655.
  • Krijgsman, W., Blanc-Valleron, M.M., Flecker, R., Hilgen, F.J., Kouwenhoven, T.J., Merle, D., Orszag-Sperber, F. & Rouchy, J.M. 2002. The onset of the Messinian salinity crisis in the Eastern Mediterranean (Pissouri Basin, Cyprus). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 194, 299–310.
  • Krstić, N. & Pietrzeniuk, E. 1972. Paijenborchella (Eopaijenborchella) laskarevi, eine Ostracodenart aus dem Oberen Torton des Pannonischen Beckens. Géologie 21, 100–109.
  • Krstić, N. & Stancheva, M. 1990. Ostracod of Eastern Serbia and Northern Bulgaria with notices on a Northern Turkey assemblage and some Mediterranean assemblages. In: Stevanović, P., Nevesskaja, L.A., Marinescu, F., Sokać, A. & Jámbor, Á. (eds), Chronostratigraphie und Neostratotypen: Neogen der Westlichen (Zentrale) Paratethys 8. Pontien (1989). Jazu and Sanu, Zagreb-Belgrade, 753–819.
  • Lachenal, A.M. 1989. Écologie des Ostracodes du domaine méditerranéen: application au Golfe de Gabès (Tunisie Orientale). Les variations du niveau marin depuis 30000 ans. Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon 108, 1–239.
  • Lourens, L., Hilgen, F., Shackleton, N.J., Laskar, J. & Wilson, J. 2004, Appendix 2. Orbital tuning calibrations and conversions for the Neogene Period. In: Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G., (eds), A Geologic Time Scale 2004. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 469–471.
  • Lucifora, S., Cifelli, F., Mattei, M., Sagnotti, L., Cosentino D. & Roberts, A.P. 2012. Inconsistent magnetic polarities in magnetite- and greigite-bearing sediments: understanding complex magnetizations in the late Messinian in the Adana Basin (southern Turkey). Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 13, Q10002.
  • Mansouri, M.E.H., Bessedik, M., Subry, M.P., Belkebir, L., Mansour, B. & Beaufort, L. 2008. Biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental contribution of calcareous nannofossil study from Tortonian- Messinian deposits of Chelif basin (NW Algeria). Geodiversitas 30, 59–77.
  • Manzi, V., Roveri, M., Gennari, R., Bertini, A., Biffi, U., Giunta, S., Iaccarino, S.M., Lanci, L., Lugli, S., Negri, A., Riva, A., Rossi, M.E. & Taviani, M. 2007. The deep-water counterpart of the Messinian Lower Evaporites in the Apennine foredeep: the Fanantello section (Northern Apennines, Italy). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 251, 470– 499.
  • Martins, V., Jouanneau, J.M., Weber, O. & Rocha, F. 2006. Tracing the late Holocene evolution of the NW Iberian upwelling system. Marine Micropaleontology 59, 35–55.
  • Martin-Suarez, E., Freudenthal, M., Krijgsman, W. & Rutger Fortuin, A. 2000. Sur l’age des depots continentaux du membre Zorreras (Bassin de Sorbas, Espagne Sud-Orientale). Géobios 33, 505– 512.
  • McCulloch, M.T. & De Deckker, P. 1989. Sr isotope constraints on the Mediterranean environment at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature 342, 62–65.
  • Meijer, P.T. & Krijgsman W. 2005. A quantitative analysis of the desiccation and re-filling of the Mediterranean during the Messinian salinity crisis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 240, 510–520.
  • Miculan, P. 1992. Gli Ostracodi del Miocene superiore di Vigoleno (subappennino piacentino). Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 31, 105–132.
  • Morigi, C., Negri, A., Giunta, S., Kouwenhoven, T.J., Krijgsman, W., Blanc-Valleron, M.M., Orszag-Sperber, F. & Rouchy, J.M. 2007.
  • Integrated quantitative biostratigraphy of the latest Tortonianearly Messinian Pissouri section (Cyprus): an evaluation of calcareous plankton bioevents. Géobios 40, 267–279.
  • Murray, J. 2006. Ecology and Applications of Benthic Foraminifera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Nazik, A. 2004. Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Neogene sequence in the Adana Basin, Turkey, and its correlation with standard biozones. Geological Magazine 141, 379–387.
  • Nazik, A. & Gürbüz, K. 1992. Planktonik foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Lower-Middle Miocene sequence of Karaisalı-Çatalan- Egner region (NW-Adana). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Turkey 35/1, 67–80 (in Turkish).
  • Negri, A., Giunta, S., Hilgen, F., Krijgsman, W. & Vai, G.B. 1999. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the M. del Casino section (northern Apennines, Italy) and paleoceanographic conditions at time of Late Miocene sapropel formation. Marine Micropaleontology 36, 13–30.
  • Negri, A. & Villa, G. 2000. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, biochronology and paleoecology at the Tortonian/Messinian boundary of the Faneromeni section (Crete). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 156, 195–209.
  • Nigam, R. & Thiede, J. 1983. Recent foraminifers from the inner shelf of the central West Coast, India: a reappraisal using factor analysis. Journal of Earth System Science 92, 121–128.
  • Okay, A.I., Zattin, M. & Cavazza, W. 2010. Apatite fission-track data for the Miocene Arabia-Eurasia collision. Geology 38, 35–38.
  • Orszag-Sperber, F. 2006. Changing perspectives in the concept of ‘Lago–Mare’ in Mediterranean Late Miocene evolution. Sedimentary Geology 188–189, 259–277.
  • Orszag-Sperber, F., Caruso, A., Blanc-Valleron, M.M., Merle, D. & Rouchy, J.M. 2009. The onset of the Messinian salinity crisis: Insights from Cyprus sections. Sedimentary Geology 217, 52– 64.
  • Pierre, C., Caruso, A., Blanc-Valleron, M.M., Rouchy, J. M. & Orzsag- Sperber, F. 2006. Reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental changes around the Miocene–Pliocene boundary along a West–East transect across the Mediterranean. Sedimentary Geology 188–189, 319–340.
  • Raffi, I., Rio, D., d’Atri, A., Fornaciari, E. & Rocchetti, S. 1995. Quantitative distribution patterns and biomagnetostratigraphy of Middle to Late Miocene calcareous nannofossils from equatorial Indian and Pacific Oceans (Legs 115, 130, and 138). In: Pisias, N.G., Mayer, L.A., Janecek, T.R., Palmer-Julson, A. & van Andel, T.H. (eds), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results 138, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, Texas, pp. 479–502.
  • Riforgiato, F., Foresi, L.M., Di Stefano, A., Aldinucci, M., Pelosi, N., Mazzei, R., Salvatorini, G. & Sandrelli, F. 2011. The Miocene/Pliocene boundary in the Mediterranean area: new insights from a high-resolution micropalaeontological and cyclostratigraphical study (Cava Serredi section, Central Italy). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 305, 310– 328.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. 1998. Mesozoic–Tertiary tectonic evolution of the easternmost Mediterranean area: integration of marine and land evidence. In: Robertson, A.H.F., Emeis, K.C., Richter, C. & Camerlenghi, A. (eds), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results 160, 723–782.
  • Rouchy, J.M., Caruso, A., Pierre, C., Blanc-Valleron, M.M. & Bassetti, M.A. 2007. The end of the Messinian salinity crisis: Evidence from the Chelif Basin (Algeria). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 254, 386–417.
  • Roveri, M., Bertini, A., Cosentino, D., Di Stefano, A., Gennari, R., Gliozzi, E., Grossi, F., Iaccarino, S.M., Lugli, S., Manzi, V. & Taviani, M. 2008. A high-resolution stratigraphic framework for the latest Messinian events in the Mediterranean area. Stratigraphy 5, 323–342.
  • Ruggieri, G. 1967. Due Ostracofaune del Miocene alloctono della Val Marecchia (Appennino settentrionale). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia Stratigrafica 73, 351–384.
  • Russo, A. & Bossio, A. 1976. Prima utilizzazione degli ostracodi per la biostratigrafia e la paleoecologia del Miocene dell’arcipelago maltese. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 15, 215–227.
  • Ryan, W.B.F. 2009. Decoding the Mediterranean salinity crisis. Sedimentology 56, 95–136.
  • Schildgen, T.F., Cosentino, D., Bookhagen, B., Niedermann, S., Yıldırım, C., Echtler, H.P. & Strecker, M.R. 2012a. Multi-phased uplift of the southern margin of the Central Anatolian plateau, Turkey: a record of tectonic and upper mantle processes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 317–318, 85–95.
  • Schildgen, T.F., Cosentino, D., Caruso, A., Buchwaldt, R., Yıldırım, C., Bowring, S.A., Rojay, B., Echtler, H. & Strecker, M.R. 2012b. Surface expression of Eastern Mediterranean slab dynamics: Neogene topographic and structural evolution of the SW margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau, Turkey. Tectonics 31, TC2005.
  • Schmidt, G.C. 1961. Stratigraphic nomenclature for the Adana region petroleum district VII. Petroleum Administration Bulletin 6, 47–63.
  • Şengör, A.M.C., Görür, N. & Şaroğlu, F. 1985. Strike-slip faulting and related basin formation in zones of tectonic escape: Turkey as a case study. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Special Publication 37, 227–264.
  • Şengör, A.M.C. & Yılmaz, Y. 1981. Tethyan evolution of Turkey: a plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics 75, 181–241.
  • Sierro, F.J., Hilgen, F.J., Krijgsman, W. & Flores, J.A. 2001. The Abad composite (SE Spain): a Messinian reference section for the Mediterranean and APTS. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 168, 141–169.
  • Spezzaferri, S., Cita, M. B. & McKenzie, J.A. 1998. The Miocene– Pliocene boundary in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Robertson, A.H.F., Emeis, K.C., Richter, C. & Camerlenghi, A. (eds), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 160. Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 9–28.
  • Stambolidis, E.A. 1985. Zur Kenntnis der Ostracoden des Evros- Delta (Nord-Ägäisches Meer) Griechenland. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 82, 155–254.
  • Szczechura, J. & Abd-El-Shafi, E. 1988. Ostracodes and foraminifera from the Middle Miocene of the western coast of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 33, 273–342.
  • Topper, R.P.M., Flecker, R., Meijer, P.T. & Wortel, M.J.R. 2011. A box model of the Late Miocene Mediterranean Sea: implications from combined 87Sr/86Sr and salinity data. Paleoceanography 26, PA 3223.
  • Ünlügenç, U.C. 1993. Controls on Cenozoic sedimentation, Adana Basin, Southern Turkey. PhD thesis, University of Keele.
  • Ünlügenç, U.C. & Demirkol, C. 1988. Stratigraphy of Kızıldağ Yayla (Adana region). Geological Engineering 32–33, 17–25 (in Turkish).
  • Ünlügenç, U.C., Demirkol, C. & Şafak, Ü. 1993. Stratigraphical and sedimentological characteristics of the Karsantı Basin fill to the N-NE of the Adana Basin. Proceedings of A. Suat Erk Geology Symposium, Ankara, 215–227 (in Turkish).
  • Ünlügenç, U.C., Kelling, G. & Demirkol, C. 1991. Aspects of basin evolution in the Neogene Adana Basin, SE Turkey. In: International Earth Scientific Congress on Aegean Regions, Proceedings 1, 357–370.
  • Vasiliev, I., Reichart, G.J., Davies, G.R., Krijgsman, W. & Stoica, M. 2010. Strontium isotope ratios of the Eastern Paratethys during the Mio-Pliocene transition; implications for interbasinal connectivity. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 292, 123–131.
  • Violanti, D., Dela Pierre, F., Trenkwalder, S., Lozar, F., Clari, P., Irace, A. & D’Atri, A. 2011. Biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental analyses of the Messinian/Zanclean boundary and Zanclean succession in the Moncucco quarry (Piedmont, northwestern Italy). Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 182, 149–162.
  • Violanti, D., Trenkwalder, S., Lozar, F. & Gallo, L.M. 2009. Micropaleontological analyses of the Narzole core: biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the late Messinian and early Zanclean of Piedmont (northwestern Italy). Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 48, 167–181.
  • Wade, B.S. & Bown, P.M. 2006. Calcareous nannofossils in extreme environments: the Messinian Salinity Crisis, Polemi Basin, Cyprus. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 233, 271– 286.
  • Williams, G.D., Ünlügenç, U.C., Kelling, G. & Demirkol, C. 1995. Tectonic controls on stratigraphic evolution of the Adana Basin, Turkey. Journal of the Geological Society (London) 152, 873–882.
  • Yalçın, M.N. & Görür, N. 1984. Sedimentological evolution of the Adana basin. Proc. Int. Symp. Geol. Taurus Belt, Ankara, 165– 172.
  • Yassini, I. 1980. Répartition des ostracodes dans une série marine régressive d’âge Pliocène dans la Région d’Algérie. Revue de Micropaléontologie 22, 89–124.
  • Yetiş, C. 1988. Reorganisation of the Tertiary stratigraphy in the Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Newsletters Stratigraphy 20, 43–58.
  • Yetiş, C. & Demirkol, C. 1986. Detailed geological investigation of western part of Adana Basin. MTA Report, 8037, 187, Ankara (in Turkish).
  • Yetiş, C., Kelling, G., Gökçen, S.L. & Baroz, F. 1995. A revised stratigraphic framework for Later Cenozoic sequences in the northeastern Mediterranean region. Geol. Rundsch. 84, 794– 812.
  • Zangger, E. & Malz, H. 1989. Late Pleistocene, Holocene and Recent ostracods from Gulf of Argos, Greece. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 113, 117–157.
APA FARANDA C, GLIOZZI E, CIPOLLARI P, GROSSI F, Darbas G, GÜRBÜZ K, NAZİK A, GENNARI R, COSENTINO D (2013). Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. , 839 - 863.
Chicago FARANDA Costanza,GLIOZZI Elsa,CIPOLLARI Paola,GROSSI Francesco,Darbas Guldemin,GÜRBÜZ Kemal,NAZİK Atike,GENNARI Rocco,COSENTINO Domenico Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. (2013): 839 - 863.
MLA FARANDA Costanza,GLIOZZI Elsa,CIPOLLARI Paola,GROSSI Francesco,Darbas Guldemin,GÜRBÜZ Kemal,NAZİK Atike,GENNARI Rocco,COSENTINO Domenico Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. , 2013, ss.839 - 863.
AMA FARANDA C,GLIOZZI E,CIPOLLARI P,GROSSI F,Darbas G,GÜRBÜZ K,NAZİK A,GENNARI R,COSENTINO D Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. . 2013; 839 - 863.
Vancouver FARANDA C,GLIOZZI E,CIPOLLARI P,GROSSI F,Darbas G,GÜRBÜZ K,NAZİK A,GENNARI R,COSENTINO D Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. . 2013; 839 - 863.
IEEE FARANDA C,GLIOZZI E,CIPOLLARI P,GROSSI F,Darbas G,GÜRBÜZ K,NAZİK A,GENNARI R,COSENTINO D "Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey." , ss.839 - 863, 2013.
ISNAD FARANDA, Costanza vd. "Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey". (2013), 839-863.
APA FARANDA C, GLIOZZI E, CIPOLLARI P, GROSSI F, Darbas G, GÜRBÜZ K, NAZİK A, GENNARI R, COSENTINO D (2013). Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22(5), 839 - 863.
Chicago FARANDA Costanza,GLIOZZI Elsa,CIPOLLARI Paola,GROSSI Francesco,Darbas Guldemin,GÜRBÜZ Kemal,NAZİK Atike,GENNARI Rocco,COSENTINO Domenico Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no.5 (2013): 839 - 863.
MLA FARANDA Costanza,GLIOZZI Elsa,CIPOLLARI Paola,GROSSI Francesco,Darbas Guldemin,GÜRBÜZ Kemal,NAZİK Atike,GENNARI Rocco,COSENTINO Domenico Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, vol.22, no.5, 2013, ss.839 - 863.
AMA FARANDA C,GLIOZZI E,CIPOLLARI P,GROSSI F,Darbas G,GÜRBÜZ K,NAZİK A,GENNARI R,COSENTINO D Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences. 2013; 22(5): 839 - 863.
Vancouver FARANDA C,GLIOZZI E,CIPOLLARI P,GROSSI F,Darbas G,GÜRBÜZ K,NAZİK A,GENNARI R,COSENTINO D Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences. 2013; 22(5): 839 - 863.
IEEE FARANDA C,GLIOZZI E,CIPOLLARI P,GROSSI F,Darbas G,GÜRBÜZ K,NAZİK A,GENNARI R,COSENTINO D "Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey." Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22, ss.839 - 863, 2013.
ISNAD FARANDA, Costanza vd. "Messinian paleoenvironmental changes in the easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, southern Turkey". Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 22/5 (2013), 839-863.