Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme

Yıl: 2013 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 32 Sayfa Aralığı: 95 - 104 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme

Öz:
Müzik Performans Kaygısı (MPK) her yaştan profesyonel ve amatör müzisyenin yaşayabileceği ve gerçek perfor- mans üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olan bir kaygı problemidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, MPK ile ilişkili değişkenleri ve bunlara ait araştırma bulgularını gözden geçirmek, başa çıkma ve müdahale yöntemleri ile sık başvurulan ölçüm araçları hakkında yazın temelli bir çerçeve çizmektir. MPKnın belirtileri genel olarak bilişsel, somatik ve davranış- sal olmak üzere üç temel grupta ele alınmaktadır. Gözden geçirilen çalışmalarda yüksek düzeyde MPK yaşayan mü- zisyenlerin oranı farklılık göstermektedir. Bu yazıda değinilen araştırmalarda oran %21 ile %59 arasında değişmek- tedir. Ancak bu verilere dayanılarak MPKnın müzisyenler arasında sık karşılaşılan bir problem olduğu söylenebilir. Yapılan araştırmalar MPKnın içedönüklük, mükemmeliyetçilik ve sürekli kaygı gibi kişilikle özellikleriyle ilişkili olabileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle, MPK ile mükemmeliyetçilik ve sürekli kaygı arasında pozitif ilişkiler bulan görgül çalışmalar benzer bulgular sunmaktadır. MPKnın etkilerini azaltmak için müzisyenlerin kullandığı başa çık- ma çalışmaları geniş bir repertuar oluşturmaktadır. Bunlar arasında gevşeme ve solunum egzersizleri yapmak, ilaç kullanmak, olumlu tutumu korumaya çalışmak, doğal maddeler almak, alkol kullanmak gibi işlevsel olan ve olma- yan stratejiler yer almaktadır. MPKya müdahale yöntemlerini kontrollü çalışmalarla sınayan çalışmaların sayısının azlığı dikkat çekicidir. Bu sınırlılığa karşın, yapılan çalışmalar davranışsal yöntemlerin ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi uygulamalarının etkili sonuçlar verdiğini göstermektedir. Bu yazıda ilgili yazın belirli başlıklar altında özetlenmiş ve gelecekteki çalışmalar için bazı öneriler getirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Psikoloji

The Enemy on the Stage: A Review of Performance Anxiety in Musicians

Öz:
The Music Perfomance Anxiety (MPA) is an anxiety problem that professional and amateur musicians of all ages can experience and that has negative effects on real performance. The aim of this study is to review MPA-related variables and their research findings and to create a literature-based framework concerning coping and intervention strategies and frequently used measurement tools. The symptoms of MPA are usually categorized in three main groups: cognitive, somatic and behavioral. The studies that are reviewed have differing percentages of musicians experiencing high levels of MPA. These percentages range between 21% and 59% in the studies referred to in this ar- ticle. Based on this data, however, it can be argued that MPA is a frequently experienced problem among musicians. Research indicates that MPA can be related to personality traits such as introversion, perfectionism and trait anxiety. Especially empirical studies report similar findings regarding positive relationships between perfectionism and trait anxiety. There is a wide variety of coping strategies used by musicians in order to decrease the effects of MPA. Among these are both functional and dysfunctional strategies, such as doing relaxation and breathing exercises, us- ing medication, trying to preserve a positive attitude, using natural products, and drinking alcohol. It is striking to observe how there are very few studies testing MPA intervention strategies through controlled studies. Despite this limitation, the existing studies indicate that behavioral techniques and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy lead to some effective results. This article summarized the related literature under certain headings and made some suggestions concerning future research.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Psikoloji
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA Çırakoğlu O (2013). Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. , 95 - 104.
Chicago Çırakoğlu Okan Cem Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. (2013): 95 - 104.
MLA Çırakoğlu Okan Cem Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. , 2013, ss.95 - 104.
AMA Çırakoğlu O Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. . 2013; 95 - 104.
Vancouver Çırakoğlu O Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. . 2013; 95 - 104.
IEEE Çırakoğlu O "Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme." , ss.95 - 104, 2013.
ISNAD Çırakoğlu, Okan Cem. "Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme". (2013), 95-104.
APA Çırakoğlu O (2013). Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 16(32), 95 - 104.
Chicago Çırakoğlu Okan Cem Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları 16, no.32 (2013): 95 - 104.
MLA Çırakoğlu Okan Cem Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, vol.16, no.32, 2013, ss.95 - 104.
AMA Çırakoğlu O Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 2013; 16(32): 95 - 104.
Vancouver Çırakoğlu O Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 2013; 16(32): 95 - 104.
IEEE Çırakoğlu O "Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme." Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 16, ss.95 - 104, 2013.
ISNAD Çırakoğlu, Okan Cem. "Sahnedeki düşman: Müzisyenlerde performans kaygısı üzerine bir gözden geçirme". Türk Psikoloji Yazıları 16/32 (2013), 95-104.