Objective: The number of chronic diseases, including anemia, increase with aging. While the incidence of anemia is around 10% in adults at or above 65 years of age, it increases to 20-25% in subjects at or above 85 years of age and to almost 40-50% among inpatients. There is scarce evidence in our county describing the incidence of anemia in geriatric patients. This study aims to evaluate anemia in geriatric inpatient settings. Methods: A retrospective review was completed to identify inpatients at or above 65 years of age who had received treatment at a general internal medicine and geriatric inpatient department from 01.01.2011 to 06.30.2013. Demographic data, chronic diseases, medications used, hospitalization period and underlying causes were recorded. Patients were divided into three groups, including young old, old-old and the oldest patients. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) values below 13 g/dL for male subjects and below 12 g/dL for female subjects. In our study, the lower limit of normal (LLN) was 200 pmol/L for Vitamin B12 and 4 nmol/L for folic acid. Baseline laboratory values were evaluated. Chronic disease anemia was defined as serum ferritin level > 100 µg/L and transferrin saturation >20%, while anemia secondary to chronic renal failure was defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <30 ml/ min. Iron deficiency anemia was characterized as serum ferritin level <45 µg/L and transferrin saturation <20 percent. Diagnoses based on hematologic pathology were made in consideration of the results of peripheral smear and bone marrow biopsy. Results: The mean age of 148 patients enrolled in the study was 78.75±7.46 years. Of all patients, 31.7% were young old, 42.8% old-old. Female elderly accounted for 50.6% of the patients. Mean hospitalization period was 15±14.8 days. Of all patients, 76.3% were anemic. This study demonstrated that in our patients underlying causes of anemia were Anemia of chronic inflammation (ACI) (53.9%) hematological malignancies (15%) and iron deficiency anemia (13.2%) in decreasing order of frequency. Conclusion: The incidence of anemia was detected to be remarkably high (76.3%) in a geriatric population treated in an inpatient setting. The most common underlying cause of anemia is identified as ACI in compliance with literature findings.