Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri

Kale, Mehmet; KAÇOĞLU, Celil; GÜROL, BARIŞ

Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri

Mehmet KALE, (Anadolu Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Eskişehir, Türkiye)

Celil KAÇOĞLU, (Anadolu Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Eskişehir, Türkiye)

Barış GÜROL (Anadolu Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Eskişehir, Türkiye)

Spor Bilimleri Dergisi

9 0

Yıl: 2014 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 142 - 158 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri

Öz:

Başlangıçta rehabilitasyon ve tedavi amaçlı olarak uygulanan elektromyostimülasyon (EMS)daha sonra popüler bir antrenman yöntemi olarakantrenörlerin, sporcuların ve spor bilimcilerin ilgisini çekmiştir. EMS, kas dokusu ya da motor noktalar üzerine uygulanan elektriksel akımlar olaraktanımlanabilir. Elektriksel uyarılı ve istemli kasılmalar sırasında kaslar farklı şekilde aktive olmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar EMS antrenmanlarının kashipertrofisi için gereken kas kuvvetini daha kısazamanda arttırdığını ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlıbir hipertrofi olmaksızın artan kuvvetin nöral gelişimin en önemli kanıtı olduğunu göstermektedir. EMSantrenmanlarının maksimal istemli kuvvette artışsağlaması spinal ve supraspinal merkezlerden aktifkaslara olan nöral sürüşte, spinal uyarılabilirlikte,aktive olan motor ünite miktarında ve senkronizasyonunda artış olasılığını da akla getirmektedir. Bununyanında ünilateral uygulanan EMS antrenmanlarınınkontralateral homolog kasta da kuvvet artışları sağlaması EMS antrenmanlarının supraspinal merkezlerive farklı kortikal bölgeleri etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu kapsam dahilinde yapılan çalışmaların ışığındaderlemenin amacı EMS antrenmanlarına dayalı nöraladaptasyonlar ve EMS antrenmanlarının sedanter vesporcuların sportif performanlarında meydana getirdiği etkileri incelemektir.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Eğitim, Eğitim Araştırmaları Spor Bilimleri

The Effects of Electromyostimulation Training on Neural Adaptation and Sports Performance

Öz:

Electromyostimulation (EMS), being applied for rehabilitation and treatment, attrached to the trainers, athletes and sport scientiests as a popular training method. EMS can be defined as electrical currentsare applied to the muscle tissue or motor points. Themuscles are activated in different ways during voluntary and electrically evoked contractions. Paststudies showed that EMS training increases muscularstrength less time is required for muscle hypertrophyand also strength development without a statisticallysignificant hypertrophy is the most important evidence of neural adaptations. Therefore, EMS trainingbrings to mind the possibility of an increase in magnitude of neural output from spinal and supraspinalcenters to active muscles, spinal plasticity, amount ofactivated motor units and synchronisation. In addition, unilateral EMS training increases in contralateralhomologous muscle strength that shows EMS traininginfluences in supraspinal centers and different corticalregions. The purpose of this review was to investigateof neural adaptation related to EMS training and effects of EMS training for sedentary people and athletesin their sport performances.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Eğitim, Eğitim Araştırmaları Spor Bilimleri

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Kale M, KAÇOĞLU C, GÜROL B (2014). Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. , 142 - 158.
Chicago	Kale Mehmet,KAÇOĞLU Celil,GÜROL BARIŞ Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. (2014): 142 - 158.
MLA	Kale Mehmet,KAÇOĞLU Celil,GÜROL BARIŞ Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. , 2014, ss.142 - 158.
AMA	Kale M,KAÇOĞLU C,GÜROL B Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. . 2014; 142 - 158.
Vancouver	Kale M,KAÇOĞLU C,GÜROL B Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. . 2014; 142 - 158.
IEEE	Kale M,KAÇOĞLU C,GÜROL B "Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri." , ss.142 - 158, 2014.
ISNAD	Kale, Mehmet vd. "Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri". (2014), 142-158.

APA	Kale M, KAÇOĞLU C, GÜROL B (2014). Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 142 - 158.
Chicago	Kale Mehmet,KAÇOĞLU Celil,GÜROL BARIŞ Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 25, no.3 (2014): 142 - 158.
MLA	Kale Mehmet,KAÇOĞLU Celil,GÜROL BARIŞ Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, vol.25, no.3, 2014, ss.142 - 158.
AMA	Kale M,KAÇOĞLU C,GÜROL B Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014; 25(3): 142 - 158.
Vancouver	Kale M,KAÇOĞLU C,GÜROL B Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014; 25(3): 142 - 158.
IEEE	Kale M,KAÇOĞLU C,GÜROL B "Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri." Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 25, ss.142 - 158, 2014.
ISNAD	Kale, Mehmet vd. "Elektromyostimülasyon Antrenmanlarının Nöral Adaptasyon ve Sportif Performans Üzerine Etkileri". Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 25/3 (2014), 142-158.