OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL

Sezen KÖSE, (Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye)
Burcu ÖZBARAN, (Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye)
Serpil ERERMİŞ (Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye)
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi
7 0
Yıl: 2012 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 103 - 115 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL

Öz:
Amaç: Bu makalede; Otizm Yelpaze Bozukluklarında (OYB), Zihin Kuramı (ZK), Yürütücü İşlevler ve Zayıf Merkezi Bütünleştirme güçlüklerinin gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: PubMed arama motoru ile autism (otizm), autism-spectrum disorders (otizm yelpaze bozuklukları), theory of mind (zihin kuramı), social cognition (sosyal biliş), executive functions (yürütücü işlevler), central coherence (merkezi bütünleştirme), weak central coherence (zayıf merkezi bütünleştirme) anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak ve ayrıca ilişkili makaleler taranarak çalışmalara ulaşılmış ve veriler gözden geçirilmiştir. Sonuçlar: OYB grubunda, gerek göreceli daha basit yanlış inanç testleri ve aldatma testlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmalarda gerekse daha karmaşık hikâyelerden, gözlerden ve sesten başkasının niyetini algılamayı ölçen gelişmiş ZK testlerinde, bozukluklar gösterilmiştir. OYB grubunda, bilişsel esneklik, üretebilirlik, planlama ve uzamsal işleyen bellek gibi yürütücü işlevlerde yetersizlikler saptanmıştır. Bu yetersizlikler yanı sıra otizm grubunda zayıf merkezi bütünleştirmeyi değerlendiren görsel-uzaysal testlerde kontrollere göre daha iyi performans ve Navon Hiyerarjik Figürler testinde kontrol grupları gibi global bir avantaj gösterildiği, ancak sözel-semantik alanda yetersizlikler gözlendiği belirtilmektedir. Tartışma: OYBde özgün bilişsel yapıların belirlenmesinin, hastalıklardan sorumlu genetik faktörlerin keşfi nde önemli olabileceği gibi uygun eğitsel yaklaşımlara da katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ancak kendi içinde de heterojen bir grup olan OYB belirtilerini tek teori ile açıklamaya çalışmanın yetersiz kalacağı açıktır.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Psikoloji

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS

Öz:
Objective: In this article, we aimed to review the theory of mind, executive functions and weak central coherence diffi culties in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Method: We browsed the pubmed search engine by using keywords Autism, autistic spectrum disorders, theory of mind, social cognition, executive functions, central coherence, weak central coherence and extended the search by scanning related articles, reviewing collected data. Results: A wide range of studies with different methods from relatively easy false belief test and deception tests to more complicated ToM tasks (Strange Stories Test, Reading The Mind in the Voice/Films/Eyes tests) were with defi cits in the ASD group. It is well documented that ASD group has some executive function defi cits like defi cits in cognitive fl exibility, planning, generativitiy, and spatial working memory. Along with these defi cits, ASD group performed better on the visuospatial tasks that evaluated the weak central coherence than controls while they showed a global advantage on a hierarchization task (e.g. Navons hierarchical fi gures) similar to the controls; however they had defi cits in the verbal-semantic fi eld. Discussion: Identifi cation of the specifi c cognitive profi les in ASD is important since it is believed that it shall have an impact on discovering the responsible genetic factors as well as contributing to aproppriate educational approaches. However it is also clear that attempting to explain ASD signs with only one theory will fail inevitably since ASD is an also heterogeneous group within itself.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Psikoloji
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA KÖSE S, Özbaran B, erermiş s (2012). OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. , 103 - 115.
Chicago KÖSE Sezen,Özbaran Burcu,erermiş serpil OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. (2012): 103 - 115.
MLA KÖSE Sezen,Özbaran Burcu,erermiş serpil OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. , 2012, ss.103 - 115.
AMA KÖSE S,Özbaran B,erermiş s OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. . 2012; 103 - 115.
Vancouver KÖSE S,Özbaran B,erermiş s OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. . 2012; 103 - 115.
IEEE KÖSE S,Özbaran B,erermiş s "OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL." , ss.103 - 115, 2012.
ISNAD KÖSE, Sezen vd. "OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL". (2012), 103-115.
APA KÖSE S, Özbaran B, erermiş s (2012). OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 19(2), 103 - 115.
Chicago KÖSE Sezen,Özbaran Burcu,erermiş serpil OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi 19, no.2 (2012): 103 - 115.
MLA KÖSE Sezen,Özbaran Burcu,erermiş serpil OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, vol.19, no.2, 2012, ss.103 - 115.
AMA KÖSE S,Özbaran B,erermiş s OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2012; 19(2): 103 - 115.
Vancouver KÖSE S,Özbaran B,erermiş s OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2012; 19(2): 103 - 115.
IEEE KÖSE S,Özbaran B,erermiş s "OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL." Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 19, ss.103 - 115, 2012.
ISNAD KÖSE, Sezen vd. "OTİZM YELPAZE BOZUKLUKLARINDA NÖROPSİKOLOJİK PROFİL". Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi 19/2 (2012), 103-115.
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24-04-2024 21:30

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