The data revealed during archaeological excavations conducted by the Istanbul Archaeological Museums in an area of 58,000 m2 in Yenikap , Istanbul where Marmaray and Metro projects have been built made significant contributions to the history of the city. In the excavation area, the Pottery Neolithic settlement identified at approximately 6 m under present day sea level is noteworthy with its burial traditions, human footprints found very rarely in archaeological fills, and wood assemblage which offer original contributions to the Neolithic Culture known in the region and the Anatolian archaeology. In settlement area, from the architectural traces reflecting the life in the Neolithic period it has been determined that the housing was rectangular or circular in plan, the conveyor system of houses consisted of wooden poles supported by stones, and the walls were built in wattle and daub technique plastered with mud. From the pottery, and bone and stone tools that make up a significant portion of the finds, it is understood that this settlement In Yenikap represents a long process from the earliest stage of Fikirtepe Culture up to the Toptepe Culture stage specific to Istanbul in Neolithic period. The settlement place several meters under present day sea level has been covered by water as a result of the rise of Marmara and has been damaged intensively probably due to the wave movements; thus, it has been conserved in part from place to place. From the marine sand layer covering the layers of the Neolithic period it is understood that during the settlement process the level of the Marmara Sea increased gradually, covered the settlement and caused its abandonment.