Yıl: 2015 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 87 - 131 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Öz:
Bu çalışmada otel yöneticileri ve misafirlerin hizmet ortamı unsurları ile girdikleri etkileşimleri konu alan bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Zincir otel işletmelerinde hizmet ortamı içinde atmosfer oluşturmak için kulla- nılan fiziksel unsurlar tasarımcılar, müşteriler ve otel çalışanları pers- pektifinden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada veriler bireysel mülakatlar ve grup görüşmeleri yoluyla otellerde kalan misafirlerden, yöneticilerden ve tasarımcılardan oluşan toplam 27 kişiden toplanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları katılımcıların hizmet ortamını tasarım ve sunulan hizmet bakımından bir bütün olarak algıladıklarını ve hizmet ortamında yer alan fiziksel uyarıcıları önemsediklerini ortaya koymuştur. Hizmet ortamında bulunan fiziksel unsurlarla etkileşim ko- nusu ele alınırken beş temel boyutun dikkate alınması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir: Bu boyutlar (1) tasarım konsepti, (2) tasarımın görselliği ve tasarımda algı oluşturma, (3) işlevsellik, (4) iç mekân değişkenleri/at mosfer ve (5) hizmet kalitesi-tasarım uyumu boyutlarıdır.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Otelcilik, Konaklama, Spor ve Turizm

A Qualitative Research on Service Environment and User Interaction in Hotel Chains

Öz:
This study focused on the interaction of hotel administrators and guests with the service environment elements. Physical elements, which are be- ing utilized to constitute an atmosphere in the service environment, were evaluated from the perspective of designers, guests and hotel staff. Data was collected from 27 individuals consisting of guests, administrators and designers of hotels through individual interviewing and group inter- viewing methods. The Descriptive Analyses and Content Analysis meth- ods were used for analyzing the data in the study. Results showed that the guests perceived the service environment as a whole in terms of design and service and that they took heed of all kinds of environmental stimu- lants in the service environment. When discussing the issue of interaction with physical elements in the service environment, five basic dimensions were considered and named as (1) design concept, (2) visual quality of design and perception management, (3) functionality, (4) interior vari- ables/atmospherics, (5) harmony of service quality and design.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Otelcilik, Konaklama, Spor ve Turizm
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Ang, S. H., Leong, S. M. and Lim, J. (1997). The Mediating Influence of Pleasure and Arousal on Layout and Signage Effects. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 4 (1), pp. 13-24.
  • Ariffin, H. F., Bibon, M. F. and Abdullah, R. P. S. (2011). Restaurant’s Atmospheric Elements: What the Customer Wants? Journal of Asi- an Behavioural Studies, 1 (2), 33-43.
  • Ariffin, A. A. M., Nameghi, E. N. and Zakaria, N. I. (2013). The Effect of Hospitableness and Servicescape on Guest Satisfaction in the Hotel Industry. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 30 (2), 127-137.
  • Arnolds, M. J. and Reynolds, K. E. (2012). Approach and Avoidance Motivation: Investigating Hedonic Consumption in a Retail Set- ting. Journal of Retailing, 88 (3), 399-411.
  • Babacan, M. (2010). Mimari Tasarımın Tüketiciyle İletişimi: Alışveriş Merkezleri Örneği. 15. Ulusal Pazarlama Kongresi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi, 26-29 Ekim.
  • Babin, B. J. and Attaway, J. S. (2000). Atmospheric Affect as a Tool for Creating Value and Gaining Share of Customers.Journal of Busi- ness Research, 49 (2), 91-99.
  • Bagozzi, R. P. (1986). Principles of Marketing Management. NY: Mac- millan.
  • Baker, J., Grewal, D. and Parasuraman, A. (1994). The Influence of Store Environment on Quality Inferences and Store Image. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 22 (4), 328-339.
  • Baker, J. and Cameron, M. (1996). The Effects of the Service Environment on Affect and Consumer Perception of Waiting Time: An Integrative Review and Research Propositions. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 24 (4), 338-349.
  • Bell, S. J. (1999). Image and Consumer Attraction to Intraurban Retail Areas: An Environmental Psychology Approach. Journal of Reta- iling and Consumer Services, 6, 67-78.
  • Bitner, M. J. (1992). Servicescapes: The Impact of Physical Surroun- dings on Customers and Employees. Journal of Marketing, 56 (2), 57-71.
  • Cherdchamadol, P. and Sriboonjit, J. (2013). The Factors Influencing Customer Satisfaction with Chain Budget Hotels in Bangkok. 20th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. ERES: Confe- rence. Vienna, Austria.
  • Corbin, J. and Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Te- chniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (3rd Ed.). California: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Countryman, C. C. and Jang, S. (2006). The Effects of Atmospheric Ele- ments on Customer Impression: The Case of Hotel Lobbies. In- ternational Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18 (7), 534-545.
  • Eroğlu, S. A., Machleit, K. A. and Davis, L. M. (2001). Atmospheric qualities of online retailing A conceptual model and implications. Journal of Business Research, 54 (2), 177-184.
  • Eroğlu, S. A., Machleit, K. A. and Davis, L. M. (2003). Store Atmosphe- rics and Shopper Responses. Psychology& Marketing, 20 (2), 139-150.
  • Flick, U. (2009). An Introduction to Qualitative Research (4th Edition). London: Sage Publications Ltd.
  • Forsgren, S. and Franchetti, C. (2004). The Marketing Role of Unique Concepts for Hotels in Sweden. (Master Thesis). Goteborg Univer- sity, Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management.
  • Glaser, B. G. (1965). The Constant Comparative Method of Qualitative Analysis.Social Problems, 12 (4), 436-445.
  • Green, J., Draper, A. and Dowler, E. (2003). Short Cuts to Safety: Risk and Rules of Thumb in Accounts of Food Choice. Health, Risk & Society, 5 (1), 33-52.
  • Harris, L. C. and Ezeh, C. (2008). Servicescape and Loyalty Intentions: An Empirical Investigation. European Journal of Marketing, 42 (3-4), 390-422.
  • Heide, M., Laerdal, K. and Gronhaug, K. (2007). The Design and Ma- nagement of Ambience: Implications for Hotel Architecture and Service. Tourism Management, 28 (5), pp. 1315-1325.
  • Hightower, R., Brady, M. K. and Baker, T. L. (2002). Investigating the Role of the Physical Environment in Hedonic Service Consumpti- on: An Exploratory Study of Sporting Events. Journal of Business Research, 55 (9), 697-707
  • Hoffman, K. D. and Turley, L. W. (2002). Atmospherics, Service En- counters and Consumer Decision Making: An Integrative Perspe- ctive. Journal of Marketing-Theory and Practice, 10 (3), 33-47.
  • Hu, H. and Jasper, C. R. (2006). Social Cues in the Store Environment and Their Impact on Store Image. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 34 (1), 25-48.
  • Huh, J. (2002). Tourist Satisfaction with Cultural/Heritage Sites: The Virginia Historic Triangle. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia.
  • Jysma, E. (2012).The Physical Environment and its Relevance to Cus- tomer Satisfaction in Boutique Hotels; Hotel Haven, Helsinki. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Degree Programme in Ho- tel, Restaurant and Hotel Management Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences.
  • Karakaş, B., Bircan, B. ve Gök, O. (2007). Hizmet Sektöründe İlişki Pa- zarlaması: Butik Oteller ve 5 Yıldızlı Oteller Üzerine Karşılaştır- malı bir Araştırma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 7 (1), s. 3-18.
  • Kim, W. G. and Moon, Y. J. (2009). Customers’ Cognitive, Emotional, and Actionable Response to the Servicescape: A Test of the Moderating Effect of the Restaurant Type. International Journal ofHospitality Management, 28 (1), 144-156.
  • Kim, H. and Lennon, S. J. (2010). E-Atmosphere, Emotional, Cogniti- ve, and Behavioural Responses. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 14 (3), 412-428.
  • Kotler, P. (1973). Atmospheric as a Marketing Tool. Journal of Retailing, 49 (4), 48-64.
  • Lee, S. (2011). Evaluating Serviceability of Healthcare Servicescapes: Service Design Perspective. International Journal of Design, 5 (2), 61-71.
  • Lin, B. Y., Leu, W., Breen, G. and Lin, W. (2008). Servicescape: Physical Environment of Hospital Pharmacies and Hospital Pharmacists’ Work Outcomes. Health Care Management Review, 33 (2), 156-168.
  • Lin, I. Y. (2004). Evaluating a Servicescape: The Effect of Cognition and Emotion. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23 (2),163-178.
  • Liu, Y. and Jang, S. (2009). The Effects of Dining Atmospherics: An Ex- tended Mehrabian-Russell Model. International Journal of Hospi- tality Management, 28 (4), 494-503.
  • Lo, K. P. Y. (2011). Designing Service Evidence for Positive Relational Messages. International Journal of Design, 5 (2), 5-13.
  • Mattila, A. S. and Wirtz, J. (2001). Congruency of Scent and Music as a Driver of In-Store Evaluation and Behavior. Journal of Retailing, 77 (2), 273-289.
  • Mehrabian, A. and Russell, J. A. (1974). An Approach to Environmental Psychology. London: The MIT Press. Musriha, N. (2012). Effect of Servicescape and Employee Communica- tıon Quality on Customer Loyalty of Mandiri Bank in Surabaya. Academic Research Journal, 2 (1), 229-240.
  • Namasivayam, K. and Mattila, A. S. (2007). Accounting for the Joint Effects of the Servicescape and Service Exchange on Consumers’ Satisfaction Evaluations. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Rese- arch, 31 (1), 3-18.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2007). Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Qu- antitative Approaches (2nd Ed.). Canada: Pearson Allyn& Bacon.
  • Nguyen, N. and Leblanc, G. (2002). Contact Personnel, Physical Environment and the Perceived Corporate Image of Intangible Services by New Clients. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 13 (3), pp. 242-262.
  • Nguyen, N. (2006). The Collective Impact of Service Workers and Servicescape on the Corporate Image Formation. Hospitality Management, 25 (2), 227-244.
  • Oral, S. ve Çelik, A. (2013). Türkiye’yi Ziyaret Eden Turistlerin Estetik Deneyimleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergi- si, 5 (4), 170-190.
  • Pikkemaat, B. and Weiermair, K. (2003). The Aesthetic (Design) Orientated Customer in Tourism-Implications for Product Development. EIASM-10th International Product Development Management Conference, Brussels.
  • Rabiee, F. (2004). Focus-group Interview and Data Analysis. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 63 (4), 655-660.
  • Rapoport, A. (1990). The Meaning of the Built Environment: A Nonverbal Communication Approach. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
  • Reimer, A. and Kuehn, R. (2005). The Impact of Servicescape on Qua- lity Perception. European Journal of Marketing, 39 (7-8), 785-808.
  • Russell, J. A. and Mehrabian, A. (1978). Approach-Avoidance and Affiliation as Functions of the Emotion-Eliciting Quality of an Environment. Environment and Behavior, 10 (3), 355-387.
  • Ryu, K. and Jang, S. S. (2007). The Effect of Environmental Perceptions on Behavioral Intentions through Emotions: The Case of Upscale Restaurants. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 31 (1),56-72.
  • Sherman, E., Mathur, A. and Smith, R. B. (1997). Store Environment and Consumer Purchase Behaviour: Mediating Role of Consumer Emotions. Psychology & Marketing, 14 (4), 361-378.
  • Siguaw, J. A. and Enz, C. A. (1999). Best Practices in Hotel Operations. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 40 (6), pp. 42-53.
  • Sulek, J. M., and Hensley, R. L. (2004). The Relative Importance of Food, Atmosphere, and Fairness of Wait: The Case of a Full-Service Res- taurant. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 45(3), 235-247.
  • Summers, T. A. and Hebert, P. R. (2001). Shedding Some Light on Store Atmospherics Influence of Illumination on Consumer Behavior. Journal of Business Research, 54 (2), 145-150.
  • Tombs, A. and McColl-Kennedy, J. R. (2003). Social-servicescape Con- ceptual Model.Marketing Theory, 3 (4), 447-475.
  • Turley, L. W. and Milliman, R. E. (2000). Atmospheric Effects on Shop- ping Behavior: A Review of the Experimental Evidence. Journal of Business Research, 49 (2),193-211.
  • Van Erp, T. A. M. (2008). The Effects of Lighting Characteristics on Atmosphere Perception (Unpublished Master’s Thesis).Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Technology Management.
  • Wakefield, K. L. and Blodgett, J. G. (1996). The Effect of the Servicescape on Customers’ Behavioural Intentions in Leisure Service Settings.The Journal of Services Marketing, 10 (6), 45-61.
  • Wakefield, K. L. and Blodgett, J. G. (1999). Customer Response to In- tangible and Tangible Service Factors. Psychology & Marketing, 16 (1), 51-68.
  • Wall, E. A. and Berry, L. L. (2007). The Combined Effects of the Physi- cal Environment and Employee Behavior on Customer Perception of Restaurant Service Quality. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 48 (1), 59-69.
  • Yıldırım, K., Akalın, A. ve Çağatay, K. (2008). Otel Yatak Odalarının İç Mekan Tasarımının Kullanıcıların Algı-Davranışsal Performansı Üzerine Etkisi. Politeknik Dergisi, 11 (2), 175-185.
APA AVAN A, ÖZDEMİR Ş (2015). Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. , 87 - 131.
Chicago AVAN ALİ,ÖZDEMİR Şuayip Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. (2015): 87 - 131.
MLA AVAN ALİ,ÖZDEMİR Şuayip Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. , 2015, ss.87 - 131.
AMA AVAN A,ÖZDEMİR Ş Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. . 2015; 87 - 131.
Vancouver AVAN A,ÖZDEMİR Ş Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. . 2015; 87 - 131.
IEEE AVAN A,ÖZDEMİR Ş "Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma." , ss.87 - 131, 2015.
ISNAD AVAN, ALİ - ÖZDEMİR, Şuayip. "Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma". (2015), 87-131.
APA AVAN A, ÖZDEMİR Ş (2015). Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 87 - 131.
Chicago AVAN ALİ,ÖZDEMİR Şuayip Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi 7, no.1 (2015): 87 - 131.
MLA AVAN ALİ,ÖZDEMİR Şuayip Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol.7, no.1, 2015, ss.87 - 131.
AMA AVAN A,ÖZDEMİR Ş Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2015; 7(1): 87 - 131.
Vancouver AVAN A,ÖZDEMİR Ş Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma. Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2015; 7(1): 87 - 131.
IEEE AVAN A,ÖZDEMİR Ş "Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma." Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7, ss.87 - 131, 2015.
ISNAD AVAN, ALİ - ÖZDEMİR, Şuayip. "Zincir Otellerde Hizmet Ortamı-Kullanıcı Etkileşimi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma". Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi 7/1 (2015), 87-131.