Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri

BARBAROS, Burcu; Kabaran, Seray

Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri

Burcu BARBAROS, (Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Gazimagosa, KKTC)

Seray KABARAN (Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Gazimagosa, KKTC)

Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi

68 15

Yıl: 2014 Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 140 - 147 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri

Öz:

Beslenmenin sağlık üzerindeki etkileri incelendiğinde, özellikle besin çeşitliliğinin önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Besin çeşitliliği ile çok sayıda besin ögeleri ve besin olmayan diğer bileşenler vücuda alınmaktadır. Akdeniz diyetinin temel özelliği besin çeşitliliğine sahip olmasıdır. Sebze, meyve, ekmek ve diğer tahıllar, kuru baklagiller ve yağlı tohumlar gibi bitkisel kaynaklı besinler Akdeniz diyetinde sıklıkla yer almaktadır. Ayrıca Akdeniz diyetinde temel yağ kaynağı olarak zeytinyağı tercih edilmektedir. Kırmızı etin ayda 1-2 kez tüketilmesi, balığın beslenmede önemli yer tutması ve yemeklerle birlikte ılımlı miktarda şarap tüketimi de Akdeniz diyetinin göze çarpan diğer özellikleri arasındadır. Bu nedenle, Akdeniz diyetinin yeterli ve dengeli beslenme örneği oluşturabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu özellikleri ile Akdeniz diyetinin sağlık üzerinde koruyucu etkileri bulunmaktadır. Akdeniz diyetinin özellikle kalp damar hastalıkları, tip 2 diyabet, obezite ve kanser riskini azaltabileceği belirtilmektedir. Akdeniz diyetinin koruyucu etkileri, besinler ile vücuda alınan posa, doymamış yağ asitleri, biyoaktif bileşenler, antioksidanlar ile ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu derleme yazıda Akdeniz diyetinin beslenme ile ilgili özellikleri ve sağlık üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Beslenme ve Diyetetik

Mediterranean Diet and Health Protective Properties

Öz:

The importance of food variety is emphasized especially when the effects of nutrition on health is being examined. Food variety allows the intake of various nutrients as well as non-nutrient compounds. The main characteristic of the Mediterranean diet is the food variety. Fruits, vegetables, bread and other grains, legumes and nuts are often included in the Mediterranean diet. In addition, olive oil is preferred as the main source of dietary fat in the Mediterranean diet. A regular consumption of fish, moderate intake of red wine with meals and a rare intake of red meat (1-2 times per month) are included in the other features of this dietary pattern. Therefore, it is thought that the Mediterranean diet can become a role model as a balanced, adequate diet. The Mediterranean diet has health protective properties when all these characteristics of the diet are taken into account. It is being emphasized that the Mediterranean diet can especially reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity and cancer. The health protective properties of Mediterranean diet become significant with the intake of fibre, unsaturated fatty acids, bioactive compounds and antioxidants. In this review, the dietary characteristics of Mediterranean diet and its effects on health is investigated.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Beslenme ve Diyetetik

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1.Sofi F. The Mediterranean diet revisited: evidence of its effectiveness grows. Curr Opin Cardiol 2009;24:442- 446.
2.Biesalski HK, Grimm P. Pocket Atlas of Nutrition, translation of 3rd German ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, Germany; 2005.
3.Bravo L. Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism, and nutritional significance. Nutr Rev 1998;56:317-333.
4.Keys A. Mediterranean diet and public health: personal reflections. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:1321-1323.
5.Trichopoulou A., Costacou T., Bamia, C. ve Trichopoulos D. (2003). Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and Survival in a Greek Population The New England Journal of Medicine. 348 (26): 2599-608
6.Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, Drescher G, Ferro- Luzzi A, Helsing E, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:1402-1406.
7.Fung TT, Rexrode KM, Mantzoros CS, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Mediterranean diet and incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke in women. Circulation 2009;119:1093-1100.
8.Carter SJ, Roberts MB, Salter J, Eaton CB. Relationship between Mediterranean Diet Score and atherothrombotic risk: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988 1994. Atherosclerosis 2010;210:630-636.
9.Martínez-González MA, García-López M, Bes- Rastrollo M, Toledo E, Martínez-Lapiscina EH, Delgado-Rodriguez M, et al. Mediterranean diet and the incidence of cardiovascular disease: A Spanish cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011;21:237-244.
10.Kastorini CM, Milionis HJ, Goudevenos JA, Panagiotakos DB. Mediterranean diet and coronary heart disease: Is obesity a link? A systematic review. Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis 2010;20:536-551.
11.Romaguera D, Guevara M, Norat T, Langenberg C, Forouhi NG, Sharp S, et al. Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study. The InterAct Project. Diab Care 2011;34:1913-1918.
12.Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P, Haya J, Cuadros JL. Effects of the Mediterranean diet on longevity and age- related morbid conditions. Maturitas 2009;64:67-79.
13.Kabaran S, Gezer C. Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyetindeki çocuk ve adolesanlarda Akdeniz diyetine uyum ile obezitenin belirlenmesi. Turkish J Pediatr Dis 2013;1:11-20.
14.Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Dietary patterns: A Mediterranean diet score and its relation to clinical and biological markers of cardiovascular disease risk Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases 2006;16, 559-568.
15.Lattimer JM, Haub MD. Effects of dietary fiber and its components on metabolic health. Nutrients 2010;2:1266-1289.
16.Jonnalagadda SS, Harnack L, Liu RH, McKeown N, Seal C, Liu S, et al. Putting the whole grain puzzle together: health benefits associated with whole grains- summary of American Society for Nutrition 2010 Satellite Symposium. J Nutr 2011;141:1011-1022.
17.Belobrajdic DP, Bird AR. The potential role of phytochemicals in whole grain cereals for the prevention of type-2 diabetes. Nutr J 2013;12:62.
18.Tighe P, Duthie G, Vaughan N, Brittenden J, Simpson WG, Duthie S, et al. Effect of increased consumption of whole-grain foods on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk markers in healthy middle-aged persons: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:733-740.
19.Kristensen M, Toubro S, Jensen MG, Ross AB, Riboldi G, Petronio M, et al. Whole grain compared with refined wheat decreases the percentage of body fat following a 12-week, energy-restricted dietary intervention in postmenopausal women. J Nutr 2012;142:710-716.
20.Dauchet L, Amouyel P, Hercberg S, Dallongeville J. Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Nutr 2006;136:2588-2593.
21.Bendinelli B, Masala G, Saieva C, Salvini S, Calonico C, Sacerdote C, et al. Fruit, vegetables, and olive oil and risk of coronary heart disease in Italian women: the EPICOR Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:275-283.
22.Mattei J, Hu FB, Campos H. A higher ratio of beans to white rice is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factors in Costa Rican adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:869-876..
23.Zhang Z, Lanza E, Kris-Etherton PM, Colburn NH, Bagshaw D, Rovine MJ, et al. A high legume low glycemic index diet improves serum lipid profiles in men. Lipids 2010;45:765-775.
24.Hartman TJ, Albert PS, Zhang Z, Bagshaw D, Kris- Etherton PM, Ulbrecht J. et al. Consumption of a legume-enriched, low-glycemic index diet is associated with biomarkers of insulin resistance and inflammation among men at risk for colorectal cancer. J Nutr 2010;140:60-67.
25.Vadivel V, Kunyanga CN, Biesalski HK. Health benefits of nut consumption with special reference to body weight control. Nutrition 2012;28:1089-1097.
26.Kris-Etherton PM, Hu FB, Ros E, Sabaté J. The role of tree nuts and peanuts in the prevention of coronary heart disease: multiple potential mechanisms. J Nutr 2008;138:1746-1751.
27.Mukuddem-Petersen J, Oosthuizen W, Jerling JC. A systematic review of the effects of nuts on blood lipid profiles in humans. J Nutr 2005;135:2082-2089.
28.Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J, Covas MI, Corella D, Arós F, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1279-1290.
29.Cicerale S, Lucas L, Keast R. Biological activities of phenolic compounds present in virgin olive oil. Int J Mol Sci 2010;11:458-479.
30.Fitó M, de la Torre R, Farré-Albaladejo M, Khymenetz O, Marrugat J, Covas MI. Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of olive oil phenolic compounds in humans: a review. Ann Ist Super Sanità 2007;43:375- 381.
31.Bondia-Pons I, Schröder H, Covas MI, Castellote AI, Kaikkonen J, Poulsen HE, et al. Moderate consumption of olive oil by healthy european men reduces systolic blood pressure in non-mediterranean participants. J Nutr 2007;137:84-87.
32.Raatz SK, Silverstein JT, Jahns L, Picklo MJ. Issues of fish consumption for cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Nutrients 2013;5:1081-1097.
33.Deckelbaum RJ, Torrejon C. The omega-3 fatty acid nutritional landscape: health benefits and sources. J Nutr 2012;142:587-591.
34.Virtanen JK, Mozaffarian D, Chiuve SE, Rimm EB. Fish consumption and risk of major chronic disease in men. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88:1618-1625.
35.United States Department of Agriculture; Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010; US Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, USA; 2010.
36.EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA). Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). EFSA J 2012;10:2815-2863.
37.Arranz S, Chiva-Blanch G, Valderas-Martínez P, Medina-Remón A, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Estruch R. Wine, beer, alcohol and polyphenols on cardiovascular disease and cancer. Nutrients 2012;4:759-781.
38.Saleem TS, Basha SD. Red wine: A drink to your heart. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2010;1:171-176.
39.Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Tzima N, Chrysohoou C, Economou M, Zampelas A, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with total antioxidant capacity in healthy adults: the ATTICA study. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;82:694-699.
40.Slavin JL. Dietary fiber and body weight. Nutrition 2005;21:411-418.
41.Schroder H. Protective mechanisms of the Mediterranean diet in obesity and type 2 diabetes. J Nutr Biochem 2007;18:149-160.
42.Beunza JJ, Toledo E, Hu FB, Bes-Rastrollo M, Serrano- Martínez M, Sánchez-Villegas A, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, long-term weight change, and incident overweight or obesity: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:1484-1493.
43.Kastorini CM, Milionis HJ, Esposito K, Giugliano D, Goudevenos JA, Panagiotakos DB. The effect of mediterranean diet on metabolic syndrome and its components a meta-analysis of 50 studies and 534,906 individuals. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:1299-1313.
44.Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Association between the prevalence of obesity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet: the ATTICA study. Nutrition 2006;22:449-456.
45.Romaguera D, Norat T, Mouw T, May AM, Bamia C, Slimani N, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower abdominal adiposity in European men and women. J Nutr 2009;139:1728-1737.
46.Rumawas ME, Meigs JB, Dwyer JT, McKeown NM, Jacques PF. Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, reduced risk of metabolic syndrome traits, and incidence in the Framingham offspring cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;90:1608-1614.
47.Serra-Majem L, Roman B, Estruch R. Scientific evidence of interventions using the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2006;6:27-47.
48.Perona JS, Covas MI, Fitó M, Cabello-Moruno R, Aros F, Corella D, et al. Reduction in systemic and VLDL triacylglycerol concentration after a 3-month Mediterranean-style diet in high-cardiovascular-risk subjects. J Nutr Biochem 2010;21:892-898.
49.Hoevenaar-Blom MP, Nooyens AC, Kromhout D, Spijkerman AM, Beulens JW, van der Schouw YT, et al. Mediterranean style diet and 12-year ıncidence of cardiovascular diseases: the EPIC-NL cohort study. Plos One 2012;7:e45458.
50.Gardener H, Wright CB, Gu Y, Demmer RT, Boden- Albala B, Elkind MS, et al. Mediterranean-style diet and risk of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death: the Northern Manhattan Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:1458-1464.

APA	BARBAROS B, Kabaran S (2014). Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. , 140 - 147.
Chicago	BARBAROS Burcu,Kabaran Seray Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. (2014): 140 - 147.
MLA	BARBAROS Burcu,Kabaran Seray Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. , 2014, ss.140 - 147.
AMA	BARBAROS B,Kabaran S Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. . 2014; 140 - 147.
Vancouver	BARBAROS B,Kabaran S Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. . 2014; 140 - 147.
IEEE	BARBAROS B,Kabaran S "Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri." , ss.140 - 147, 2014.
ISNAD	BARBAROS, Burcu - Kabaran, Seray. "Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri". (2014), 140-147.

APA	BARBAROS B, Kabaran S (2014). Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 42(2), 140 - 147.
Chicago	BARBAROS Burcu,Kabaran Seray Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi 42, no.2 (2014): 140 - 147.
MLA	BARBAROS Burcu,Kabaran Seray Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, vol.42, no.2, 2014, ss.140 - 147.
AMA	BARBAROS B,Kabaran S Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi. 2014; 42(2): 140 - 147.
Vancouver	BARBAROS B,Kabaran S Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi. 2014; 42(2): 140 - 147.
IEEE	BARBAROS B,Kabaran S "Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri." Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 42, ss.140 - 147, 2014.
ISNAD	BARBAROS, Burcu - Kabaran, Seray. "Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlığı Koruyucu Etkileri". Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi 42/2 (2014), 140-147.