In this study, popular science publications, to be more precise, popular science magazines, have been investigated in terms of critical political economy. The development of the popular science concept throughout history and historical, social and economic political aspects of the popular science by considering the relationship between the political economy structure and popular science in certain historical revolutions, have been reviewed. Whilst the study includes different approaches that are focused on science communication, it generally consists of the science communication activities; and specifically the search for an attitude that is critical about the popular science publications have been discussed in terms of their roots. The study explains that critical political economy approach may be made use of in critical attitude search, while the roots of critical political economy and the approaches on political economy of the media is also sought for. Defining the material structure where popular science magazines are produced and determining the effects of this material structure on the contents constitute the general framework of this study. Qualitative analysis method has been used for the hypothetical discussions and purpose of the study. The sectoral and textual analyses have been performed in the analyses sections of the study in which the binary data collection technique has been used. For the sector analyses regarding the production stage of the magazines, detailed semi-structured interviews were made with the editorial staff of the two prominent magazines that are being published in the field of political economy with commercial and public benefit purposes. As a conclusion, it has been determined that the differences between the two magazines that have different publication models and that have two different ownership structures stem from political economy factors such as production relations, production styles, effort processes, ownership structures and publication models. In other words, it has been concluded that the contents of the magazines are determined by the material structure by which they are being produced and published