Yıl: 2015 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 153 - 159 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey

Öz:
Life history characteristics (e.g., longevity, age at maturity, body size, and body mass) of the green toad, Bufotes variabilis,were investigatedfrom 2 populations inhabiting different altitudes (Çankırı, 960 m a.s.l., n = 57; Adana, 13 m a.s.l., n = 52) in Turkey. Age was determined using skeletochronology. The oldest individual was 11 years old (range: 4 11 years) in the highland population, while the oldest individual was 6 years old in the lowland population (range: 2 6 years). Sexual maturity was estimated at 3 4 years in the highland population and 2 3 years in the lowland population by the skeletochronological pattern. Mean body length was found to be 70.41 and 69.42 mm and 54.18 and 56.11 mm for females and males of the highland and the lowland populations, respectively. While mean body mass of the females and males from the highland population was 44.83 and 42.73 g, it was 19.09 and 19.66 g in the lowland population, respectively. Mean age, SVL, and body mass in the highland population were found to be significantly higher than in the lowland population. Colder climate, sufficient food availability, less human impact, and lower predator density in the highland population may explain the differences between the 2 populations. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between age and body measurements (SVL and body mass) in both males and females of the populations.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Biyoloji
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Adams DC, Church JO (2008). Amphibians do not follow Bergmann’s rule. Evolution 62: 413–420.
  • Altunışık A, Özdemir N (2013). Body size and age structure of a highland population of Hyla orientalis Bedriaga, 1890, in northern Turkey. Herpetozoa 26: 49–55.
  • AmphibiaWeb (2014). Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available at: http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: 2014).
  • Ashkavandi S, Gharzi A, Abbasi M (2012). A skeletochronological estimation of age structure in a population of the Bufo viridis(Anuran: Amphibia) in Central Zagros Iran. Asian J Exp Biol Sci 3: 99–104.
  • Ashton KG (2002). Do amphibians follow Bergmann’s rule? Can J Zool 80: 708–716.
  • Berrigan D, Charnov EL (1994). Reaction norms for age and size at maturity in response to temperature: a puzzle for life-historians. Oikos 70: 474–478.
  • Caetano MH, Castanet J (1993). Variability and microevolutionary patterns in Triturus marmoratus from Portugal: age, size, longevity and individual growth. Amphibia-Reptilia14: 117–129.
  • Castellano S, Rosso A, Doglio S, Giacoma C (1999). Body size and calling variation in the green toad (Bufo viridis). J Zool 248: 83–90.
  • Castanet J, Smirina EM (1990). Introduction to the skeletochronological method in amphibians and reptiles. Ann Sci Nat Zool 11: 191–196.
  • Feder ME, Burggren WW (1992). Environmental Physiology of the Amphibians. Chicago, IL, USA: University of Chicago Press.
  • Ficetola GF, Scali S, Denoël M, Montinaro G, Vukov TD, Zuffi MAL, Padoa-Schioppa E (2010). Ecogeographical variation of body size in the newt Trituruscarnifex: comparing the hypotheses using an information-theoretic approach. Global Ecol Biogeogr 19: 485–495.
  • Frost DR (2013). Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 (17 February 2014). Electronic database accessible at: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html.
  • Gibbons MM, McCarthy TK (1984). Growth, maturation and survival of frogs Rana temporaria L. Ecography 7: 419–427.
  • Gokhelashvili RK, Tarkhnishvili DN (1994). Age structure of six Georgian anuran populations and its dynamics during two consecutive years. Herpetozoa 7: 11–18.
  • Gül S, Özdemir N, Üzüm N, Olgun K, Kutrup B (2011). Body size and age structure of Pelophylax ridibundus populations from two different altitudes in Turkey. Amphibia-Reptilia 32: 287–292.
  • Hasumi M (2010). Age, body size, and sexual dimorphism in size and shape in Salamandrella keyserlingii (Caudata: Hynobiidae). Evol Biol 37: 38–48.
  • Heino M, Metz JAJ, Kaitala V (1997). Evolution of mixed maturation strategies in semelparous life histories: the crucial role of dimensionality of feedback environment. Phil Trans R Soc B 353: 1647–1655.
  • Hemelaar A (1986). Demographic study on Bufo bufo L. (Anura, Amphibia) from different climates, by means of skeletochronology. PhD, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
  • Kutrup B, Bulbul U, Yilmaz N (2005). Age structure in two populations of Triturus vittatus ophryticus at different altitudes. Amphibia-Reptilia 26: 49–54.
  • Kutrup B, Çakır E, Çolak Z, Bülbül U, Karaoğlu H (2011). Age and growth of the green toad, Bufo viridis (Laurenti, 1768) from an island and a mainland population in Giresun, Turkey. J Anim Vet Adv 10: 1469–1472.
  • Laugen AT, Laurila A, Jonsson KI, Soderman F, Merila J (2005). Do common frogs (Rana temporaria) follow Bergmann’s rule? Evol Ecol Res 7: 717–731.
  • Ledentsov AV, Melkumyan LS (1986). On longevity and growth rate in amphibians and reptiles in Armenia. Proc Zool Inst Acad Sci USSR 158: 105–110.
  • Lovich JE, Gibbons JW (1992). A review of techniques for quantifying sexual size dimorphism. Growth Dev Aging 56: 269–281.
  • Ma X, Lu X, Merila J (2009). Altitudinal decline of body size in a Tibetan frog. J Zool 279: 364–371.
  • Miaud C, Guyetant R, Faber H (2000). Age, size and growth of the Alpine newt, Triturus alpestris (Urodela, Salamandridae), at high altitude and a review of life-history trait variation throughout its range. Herpetologica 56: 135–144.
  • Morrison C, Hero JM (2003). Geographic variation in life-history characteristics of amphibians: a review. J Anim Ecol 72: 270–279.
  • Mullally DP, Cunningham JP (1956). Aspects of the thermal ecology of the Yosemite toad. Herpetologica 12: 57–67.
  • Olgun K, Üzüm N, Avcı A, Miaud C (2005). Age, size and growth of the southern crested newt Trituruskarelinii (Strauch 1870) in a population from Bozdağ (western Turkey). Amphibia-Reptilia 26: 223–230.
  • Özdemir N, Altunışık A, Ergül T, Gül S, Tosunoğlu M, Cadeddu G, Giacoma C (2012). Variation in body size and age structure among three Turkish populations of the treefrog Hyla arborea.Amphibia-Reptilia 33: 25–35.
  • Özdemir N, Gül S, Poyarkov NA, Kutrup B, Tosunoğlu M, Doglio S (2014).Molecular systematics and phylogeography of Bufotes variabilis (syn. Pseudepidalea variabilis) (Pallas, 1769) in Turkey. Turk J Zool 38: 412-420.
  • Ryser J (1988). Determination of growth and maturation in the common frog, Rana temporaria, by skeletochronology. J Zool 216: 673–685.
  • Sinsch U, Leskovar C, Drobig A, König A, Grosse W (2007). Life-history traits in green toad (Bufo viridis) populations: indicators of habitat quality. Can J Zool 85: 665–673.
  • Sinsch U, Sherif N (1989). Osmoregulation of natterjack toads (Bufo calamita) in tap water, urea and NaCl solutions. Verh Dtsch Zool Ges 82: 307–308.
  • Stearns SC (1992). The evolution of life histories. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Stöck M, Moritz C, Hickerson M, Frynta D, Dujsebayeva T, Eremchenko V, Macey JR, Papenfuss TJ, Wake DB (2006). Evolution of mitochondrial relationships and biogeography of Palearctic green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup) with insights in their genomic plasticity. Mol Phylogenet Evol 41: 663–689.
  • Üzüm N, Olgun K (2009). Age, size and growth in two populations of the southern crested newt, Triturus karelinii (Strauch 1870) from different altitudes. Herpetologica 65: 373–383.
APA ALTUNIŞIK A, ÖZDEMİR N (2015). Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. , 153 - 159.
Chicago ALTUNIŞIK Abdullah,ÖZDEMİR Nurhayat Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. (2015): 153 - 159.
MLA ALTUNIŞIK Abdullah,ÖZDEMİR Nurhayat Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. , 2015, ss.153 - 159.
AMA ALTUNIŞIK A,ÖZDEMİR N Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. . 2015; 153 - 159.
Vancouver ALTUNIŞIK A,ÖZDEMİR N Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. . 2015; 153 - 159.
IEEE ALTUNIŞIK A,ÖZDEMİR N "Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey." , ss.153 - 159, 2015.
ISNAD ALTUNIŞIK, Abdullah - ÖZDEMİR, Nurhayat. "Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey". (2015), 153-159.
APA ALTUNIŞIK A, ÖZDEMİR N (2015). Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39(1), 153 - 159.
Chicago ALTUNIŞIK Abdullah,ÖZDEMİR Nurhayat Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology 39, no.1 (2015): 153 - 159.
MLA ALTUNIŞIK Abdullah,ÖZDEMİR Nurhayat Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, vol.39, no.1, 2015, ss.153 - 159.
AMA ALTUNIŞIK A,ÖZDEMİR N Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology. 2015; 39(1): 153 - 159.
Vancouver ALTUNIŞIK A,ÖZDEMİR N Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology. 2015; 39(1): 153 - 159.
IEEE ALTUNIŞIK A,ÖZDEMİR N "Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey." Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39, ss.153 - 159, 2015.
ISNAD ALTUNIŞIK, Abdullah - ÖZDEMİR, Nurhayat. "Life history traits in Bufotesvariabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey". Turkish Journal of Zoology 39/1 (2015), 153-159.