The genus Cistus L. (Cistaceae), generally growing in the Mediterranean region, is represented by five species in Turkey: C. creticus L., C. parviflorus Lam., C. laurifolius L., C. salviifolius L. ve C. monspeliensis L. In this study, it is intended to contribute to the systematics of Cistus genus by conducting a comparative anatomical study upon its species distributed in Turkey. The superficial and cross-sections were taken by hand from the lamina and petiyole, and photographs were taken after staining with phloroglucinol + HCl solution and examining under the light microscope. The leaf anatomy of Cistus genus shows the general characteristics of Cistaceae family. As a result of the analysis, it has emerged that facilitate the identification of Cistus species as significant characters, such as the existence / absence of trichomes, types of glandular trichomes, the lateral veins in the mesophyll layer whether to project in the direction of the abaxial epidermis, the lateral edges whether or not cambered, and the presence of stomata on the leaf surface. A diagnostic key has been offered in the last part of the study, based on the anatomical characters.