As the result of archaeometric studies on knives, arrowheads,spearheads, nails and iron smithing finds belonging to Kubad Abad andSamsat, Anatolian Seljuks period, the production methods and materialsof these finds have been revealed. The metallographic and chemicalanalysis show that the smiths' forging materials have got two differenttechnological origins. The first one is the oldest iron productiontechnique; direct production technique. The blooms which were producedwith this technique, were used for forging arrowheads, spearheads, nails,and some of the knives. The properties of iron products from blooms wereimproved by implementation of some metallurgical techniques likecarburization, quenching, tempering etc. The other source of iron iscrucible steel technology which has got Central and Southern Asiaorigins. The strong evidences of crucible steel which was used to producehigh quality knives and blades, were detected in Samsat knife and twoother Kubad Abad knives. It is estimated from the special microstructureof the samples from these knives that they used to have damascenepattern on the surface. In Kubad Abad the intense archaeologicalevidences of iron forging related findings (scrap metals, iron smithingslags) are proofs of a blacksmith workshop at which not only bloomrefining but also iron forging craft operations were done.STRUCTURED ABSTRACTIn this study archaeological iron related finds from Kubad Abad, amedieval palace complex nearby the lake of Konya-Beysehir and Samsat,a fortress in the vicinity of Adiyaman, are analyzed by using archaeometrytechniques. The types of analyzed finds, all of which are coming fromexcavations’ Anatolian Seljuks cultural layers dated around 13. century,are knives, arrowheads, spearheads, nails, luppe pieces and ironsmithing slags. Metallographic, SEM-EDX and hardness analysis weredone on the samples from knives, arrowheads, spearheads, nails, luppepieces and XRD, ICP-MS, thin section analysis were applied on samplesfrom slags. The results of the analysis gave important information aboutiron, steel semi-products used for forging iron tools, the productiontechniques of iron tools and working properties of iron smithingworkshop in the period of Anatolian Seljuks.The analysis on iron objects revealed that there are two differenttypes of semi-products used as the starting materials to forge the tools.Blooms coming from the direct production method, which is the oldestone to smelt iron bearing mines in human history, were the main startingforging materials for Anatolian Seljuks’ forgers. On the other hand, as adifferent technology, it is detected that three knives, two from KubadAbad and one from Samsat, were produced from crucible steel. Cruciblesteel which is not an iron production technology but producing highquality steel by melting iron with other ingredients in crucibles, has got Anadolu Selçuklu Dönemi Demir Aletlerinin Üretim Yöntemleri 195Turkish StudiesInternational Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or TurkicVolume 10/9 Summer 2015roots in Central and Northern Asia. Therefore this result addressesAnatolian Seljuks as an enrichment period of Anatolia in the means ofmetallurgical technology.The analysis has uncovered different characters of smithingpractices which can be explained according to the type of finds.The study shows that complex techniques and high qualitymaterials were used in the production of knives. Two small scaled knives(KU No.07 and 11) which were found at the bath section of the mainpalace in Kubad Abad, were produced by hot-welding of steel layers orfrom piled steel. Medium carbon and low carbon steel materials wereobserved as alternative layers, which were forged in a way that themedium carbon layer stays in the middle as it forms the cutting side. Inthe microstructure the most interesting part is the zero carbon iron atthe back of the knife most probably behaves as spine of the tool. Thesmall amount of slag inclusions, except the welding sand, shows the useof well refined blooms in the production. From the microstructure thesigns of quenching and tempering can be seen as well. As seen frommartensite quenching was applied all body of the knife and hardnessmeasurements show slight tempering to relieve some stress and decreasethe brittleness. The microstructure of three knives (KU No.04, 14 and SANo.13) shows great distinctness when compared with samples from thePalace Bath. First of all the microstructures include almost no slaginclusions and they are homogenous. Secondly the high carbon contentcan be seen by the existence of pro-eutectic cementite. Cementites are inthe forms of globule, aligning like chains in two samples (KU No.04, SANo.13) and broken groups of needles in the other one (KU No.14). Thebackground is consisted of spheroidized perlite in all microstructures.The idea that these characteristic structures are belonging to cruciblesteel materials, is supported by chemical analysis of iron body andinclusions. While the average manganese percentages in the body ofmetals changes between 0.51- 2.02% which is too high for bloomery iron,the inclusions oxide content is consisted of iron oxide, manganese oxideand sulphides.The arrowheads from Kubad Abad which have got flat crosssections, were forged from parts of bloomery iron with no carbon.Following forging process carburization were practiced for hardening. Ina few examples strong evidences of piled steel usage were observed inmicrostructures. The un-welded needle parts of the arrowheads whichlook like semi-circles in the metallographic sections, are used to providethe connection of metal piece to the wooden body. This might be aconscious practice to strengthen the join. Samsat’s arrowheads andspearheads which were classified with their weights since all of them have