The nineteenth century, in which telecommunications systems were developed in Western Europeand the United States, refers to a period that nation-states passed to a new stage; commercial andfinancial mobility increased and colonialism turned into imperialism. These developments during the19th century had revealed the need for rapid communication and then telecommunication networks,especially telegraphs, established in order to meet this need. While constructuring telegraph lineswithin their national borders, Western countries used telecommunication technologies to have directand fast connection with their colonies. The first telegraph lines in Ottoman Empire were inauguratedby European powers for their military interests as well. Nevertheless, the political power benefitedfrom these lines as a political control mechanism.In the light of these, the focus of this study is the telecommunication policies during the foundationyears (1923-1939) of Turkish Republic, which took over a semi-colonial network from the OttomanEmpire. The study examines how this new regime which aimed to disengage from its colonial tiessince its establishment constructed the telecommunication network. In this framework, it seeksanswers to the following questions: Between 1923-1939, for which purposes these networks werebuilt? What investments were made and which social groups did take the advantage of theseinvestments?