Yıl: 2017 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 51 - 68 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma

Öz:
İhracat literatürde firmaların uluslararası pazarlara girmelerini sağlayan en basit stratejik seçenek olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yabancı pazarların firmalar için taşıdığı en büyük risk ise belirsizliktir. İhracatçı firmalar, bu belirsizliği azaltmak ve yabancı pazarlarda rakipleri karşısında avantaj elde etmek için klâsik pazarlama yeteneklerine ilave farklı bir takım yeteneklere daha ihtiyaç duyarlar. Bu çerçevede, bu çalışmada ihracatçı firmalara yabancı pazarlarda rakipleri karşısında avantaj sağlayan yeteneklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Türkiye'de yerleşik 281 imalâtçı-ihracatçı firmanın 300 ihracat girişimi üzerinde gerçekleştirilen araştırma neticesinde, enformasyonel yeteneklerin maliyet ve ürün avantajıyla, ilişki kurma ve pazarlama yeteneklerinin ise maliyet, ürün ve hizmet avantajıyla pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: İletişim İşletme Endüstri Mühendisliği Halkla İlişkiler İktisat İşletme Finans

Relationship between Export Capabilities and Competitive Advantage: An Empirical Investigation on Turkish Exporters

Öz:
Within the literature, exporting is considered as the simplest strategic option which enables firms to access foreign markets. The greatest risk of foreign markets for firms is uncertainty. In order to decrease this uncertainty and gain advantage against competitors, exporter firms need some additional capabilities which are different from classical marketing capabilities. Within this context, this study aims to define the capabilities which enable exporter firms to gain advantage against competitors in foreign markets. For this aim, an empirical research is conducted with the 300 export venture of 281 Turkish manufacturer-exporters. The results showed that informational capabilities are positively related with cost and product while relationship and marketing capabilities positively related with cost, product and services
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: İletişim İşletme Endüstri Mühendisliği Halkla İlişkiler İktisat İşletme Finans
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Aaby, N. E., & Slater, S. F. (1989). Management influences on export performance: a review of the empirical literature 1978-1988. International marketing review, 6(4).
  • Amit, R., & Schoemaker, P. J. (1993). Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic management journal, 14(1), 33-46.
  • Andersen P. H. (2006). Listening to the Global Grapevine: SME Export Managers’ Personal Contacts as a Vehicle for Export Information Generation. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 81-96.
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Bello, D. C., & Gilliland, D. I. (1997). The effect of output controls, process controls, and flexibility on export channel performance. The Journal of Marketing, 22-38.
  • Chaharbaghi, K., & Lynch, R. (1999). Sustainable competitive advantage: towards a dynamic resource-based strategy. Management Decision, 37(1), 45-50.
  • Claycomb, C., Dröge, C., & Germain, R. (2001). Applied process knowledge and market performance: the moderating effect of environmental uncertainty. Journal of Knowledge Management, 5(3), 264-278.
  • Collis, D. J., & Montgomery, C. A. (2008). Competing on resources. Harvard Business Review.
  • Cooper, R. G., & Kleinschmidt, E. J. (1987). New products: what separates winners from losers?.Journal of product innovation management, 4(3), 169-184.
  • Cavusgil, S. T., & Zou, S. (1994). Marketing strategy-performance relationship: an investigation of the empirical link in export market ventures. The Journal of Marketing, 1-21.
  • Danneels, E. (2002). The dynamics of product innovation and firm competences. Strategic management journal, 23(12), 1095-1121.
  • Daviron, B., & Gibbon, P. (2002). Global commodity chains and African export agriculture. Journal of agrarian change, 2(2), 137-161.
  • Day, G. S. (1994). The capabilities of market-driven organizations. The Journal of Marketing, 37-52.
  • Day, G. S., & Wensley, R. (1988). Assessing advantage: a framework for diagnosing competitive superiority. The Journal of Marketing, 1-20.
  • Dyer, J. H., & Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of management review, 23(4), 660-679.
  • Eriksson, K., & Chetty, S. (2003). The effect of experience and absorptive capacity on foreign market knowledge. International Business Review, 12(6), 673- 695.
  • Fawcett, S. E., Calantone, R., & Smith, S. R. (1997). Delivery capability and firm performance in international operations. International Journal of Production Economics, 51(3), 191-204.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 39-50.
  • Freeman, J., & Styles, C. (2014). Does location matter to export performance?. International Marketing Review, 31(2), 181-208
  • Goll, I., Brown Johnson, N., & Rasheed, A. A. (2007). Knowledge capability, strategic change, and firm performance: the moderating role of the environment. Management Decision, 45(2), 161-179.
  • Grant, R. M. (1991). The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: implications for strategy formulation. California management review, 33(3), 114-135.
  • Gulati, R., & Garino, J. (1999). Get the right mix of bricks & clicks. Harvard business review, 78(3), 107-14.
  • Haahti, A., Madupu, V., Yavas, U., & Babakus, E. (2005). Cooperative strategy, knowledge intensity and export performance of small and medium sized enterprises. Journal of world business, 40(2), 124-138.
  • Hall, R. (1993). A framework linking intangible resources and capabiliites to sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic management journal, 14(8), 607-618.
  • Hooley, G., Fahy, J., Cox, T., Beracs, J., Fonfara, K., & Snoj, B. (1999). Marketing capabilities and firm performance: a hierarchical model. Journal of marketfocused management, 4(3), 259-278.
  • Hopkins, D. S., & Bailey, E. L. (1971, January). New-product pressures.
  • In Conference Board Record (Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 16-24). 845 Third Ave, New York, Ny 10022: Conference Board Inc.
  • Huang, X., Soutar, G. N., & Brown, A. (2002). New product development processes in small and medium‐sized enterprises: some Australian evidence. Journal of Small Business Management, 40(1), 27-42.
  • Javidan, M. (1998). Core competence: what does it mean in practice?. Long range planning, 31(1), 60-71.
  • Johnson, J., Yin, E., & Tsai, H. (2009). Persistence and learning: Success factors of Taiwanese firms in international markets. Journal of International marketing, 17(3), 39-54.
  • Kaleka, A. (2002). Resources and capabilities driving competitive advantage in export markets: guidelines for industrial exporters. Industrial Marketing Management, 31(3), 273-283.
  • Kaleka, A. (2012). Studying resource and capability effects on export venture performance. Journal of World Business, 47(1), 93-105.
  • Katsikeas, C. S., Piercy, N. F., & Ioannidis, C. (1996). Determinants of export performance in a European context. European journal of Marketing, 30(6), 6- 35.
  • Knight, G. A., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2004). Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(2), 124- 141.
  • Kotabe, M., Srinivasan, S. S., & Aulakh, P. S. (2002). Multinationality and firm performance: The moderating role of R&D and marketing capabilities. Journal of international business studies, 33(1), 79-97.
  • Krasnikov, A., & Jayachandran, S. (2008). The relative impact of marketing, research-and-development, and operations capabilities on firm performance. Journal of marketing, 72(4), 1-11.
  • Lages, L. F., Silva, G., & Styles, C. (2009). Relationship capabilities, quality, and innovation as determinants of export performance. Journal of International Marketing, 17(4), 47-70.
  • Leonidou, L. C., & Theodosiou, M. (2004). The export marketing information system: an integration of the extant knowledge. Journal of World Business, 39(1), 12-36.
  • Ling-yee, L., & Ogunmokun, G. O. (2001). The influence of interfirm relational capabilities on export advantage and performance: an empirical analysis. International Business Review, 10(4), 399-420.
  • Louter, P. J., Ouwerkerk, C., & Bakker, B. A. (1991). An inquiry into successful exporting. European Journal of Marketing, 25(6), 7-23.
  • Madhavan, R., & Grover, R. (1998). From embedded knowledge to embodied knowledge: New product development as knowledge management. The Journal of marketing, 1-12.
  • Matanda, M. J., & Freeman, S. (2009). Effect of perceived environmental uncertainty on exporter–importer inter-organisational relationships and export performance improvement. International Business Review, 18(1), 89- 107.
  • Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. (1999). Relationship-based competitive advantage: the role of relationship marketing in marketing strategy. Journal of Business Research, 46(3), 281-290.
  • Morgan, N. A., Vorhies, D. W., & Mason, C. H. (2009). Market orientation, marketing capabilities, and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 30(8), 909-920.
  • Morgan, N. A., Kaleka, A., & Katsikeas, C. S. (2004). Antecedents of export venture performance: A theoretical model and empirical assessment. Journal of marketing, 68(1), 90-108.
  • Morgan, N. A., Katsikeas, C. S., & Vorhies, D. W. (2012). Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(2), 271-289.
  • Myers, M. B. (1997). The pricing of export products: why aren't managers satisfied with the results?. Journal of World Business, 32(3), 277-289.
  • Nunnally, J. (1978). C.(1978). Psychometric theory, 2.
  • O'Cass, A., & Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing-related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4), 571-581.
  • Penrose, E. T. (1959). The Theory of the Growth of theFirm. Great Britain: Basil Blackwell and Mott Ltd.
  • Piercy, N. F., Kaleka, A., & Katsikeas, C. S. (1998). Sources of competitive advantage in high performing exporting companies. Journal of World Business, 33(4), 378-393.
  • Porter, M. E. (1985). Competitive advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance. 1985. New York: Free Press.
  • Glenn Richey, R., & Myers, M. B. (2001). An investigation of market information use in export channel decisions-antecedents and outcomes. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 31(5), 334-353.
  • Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (1995). Market orientation and the learning organization. The Journal of marketing, 63-74.
  • Song, X. M., & Parry, M. E. (1996). What separates Japanese new product winners from losers?. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 13(5), 422-439.
  • Sousa, C. M., Martínez‐López, F. J., & Coelho, F. (2008). The determinants of export performance: A review of the research in the literature between 1998 and 2005. International Journal of Management Reviews, 10(4), 343-374.
  • Styles, C., Patterson, P. G., & Ahmed, F. (2008). A relational model of export performance. Journal of international business studies, 39(5), 880-900. Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic management journal, 509-533.
  • Treacy, M., & Wiersema, F. (1993). Customer intimacy and other value disciplines. Harvard business review, 71(1), 84-93.
  • Vorhies, D. W., & Harker, M. (2000). The Capabilities and Performance Advantages of Market‐Driven Firms: An Empirical Investigation. Australian journal of management, 25(2), 145-171.
  • Weerawardena, J. (2003). The role of marketing capability in innovation-based competitive strategy. Journal of strategic marketing, 11(1), 15-35.
  • Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource‐based view of the firm. Strategic management journal, 5(2), 171-180.
  • Wernerfelt, B. (1989). From critical resources to corporate strategy. Journal of general management, 14(3), 4-12.
  • Yeoh, P. L. (2000). Information acquisition activities: A study of global start-up exporting companies. Journal of International Marketing, 8(3), 36-60.
  • Zou, S., Fang, E., & Zhao, S. (2003). The effect of export marketing capabilities on export performance: an investigation of Chinese exporters. Journal of International marketing, 11(4), 32-55.
  • Zou, S., & Stan, S. (1998). The determinants of export performance: a review of the empirical literature between 1987 and 1997. International Marketing Review, 15(5), 333-356
APA KESKİN H, KALAYCIOĞLU O, Ince H (2017). İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. , 51 - 68.
Chicago KESKİN Halit,KALAYCIOĞLU Ozan,Ince Huseyin İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. (2017): 51 - 68.
MLA KESKİN Halit,KALAYCIOĞLU Ozan,Ince Huseyin İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. , 2017, ss.51 - 68.
AMA KESKİN H,KALAYCIOĞLU O,Ince H İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. . 2017; 51 - 68.
Vancouver KESKİN H,KALAYCIOĞLU O,Ince H İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. . 2017; 51 - 68.
IEEE KESKİN H,KALAYCIOĞLU O,Ince H "İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma." , ss.51 - 68, 2017.
ISNAD KESKİN, Halit vd. "İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma". (2017), 51-68.
APA KESKİN H, KALAYCIOĞLU O, Ince H (2017). İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 18(2), 51 - 68.
Chicago KESKİN Halit,KALAYCIOĞLU Ozan,Ince Huseyin İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi 18, no.2 (2017): 51 - 68.
MLA KESKİN Halit,KALAYCIOĞLU Ozan,Ince Huseyin İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, vol.18, no.2, 2017, ss.51 - 68.
AMA KESKİN H,KALAYCIOĞLU O,Ince H İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi. 2017; 18(2): 51 - 68.
Vancouver KESKİN H,KALAYCIOĞLU O,Ince H İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi. 2017; 18(2): 51 - 68.
IEEE KESKİN H,KALAYCIOĞLU O,Ince H "İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma." Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 18, ss.51 - 68, 2017.
ISNAD KESKİN, Halit vd. "İhracat Yetenekleri ve Rekabet Avantajı İlişkisi: Türk İhracatçı Firmaları Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Araştırma". Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi 18/2 (2017), 51-68.