Yıl: 2015 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 8 Sayfa Aralığı: 795 - 817 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ

Öz:
13. yüzyıl sonu ile 14. yüzyıl başlarında yaşadığı bilinen ve Türk kültür tarihinin en önemli şahsiyetlerinden biri olan Yunus Emre'nin hayatı hakkındaki bilgiler menkıbevi olup kesin değildir. Tasavvufun Anadolu'daki en güçlü temsilcisi, en etkin öncüsü olan Yunus Emre aynı zamanda Türk dilinin gelişmesi, varlığını koruması, bir kültür ve edebiyat dili olmasına da katkıda bulunan büyük bir şairdir. Anadolu Türkçesi, halkın dilini kullanmayı bilhassa tercih eden Yunus'un şiirlerinde güçlü bir ruh kazanmış ve edebî bir dil olma yoluna girmiştir. Yunus Emre tasavvufun Anadolu topraklarında asırlar boyu varlığını koruyacak kalıcı izler bırakarak yayılmasına, Anadolu Türkçesinin de bağımsız bir yazı dili olarak oluşumuna Dîvân ve Risâletü'n-Nushiyye adlı iki büyük eseriyle yön vermiştir. Yunus Emre'nin bu iki eseri, edebî birer başyapıt olmakla birlikte, döneminin söz varlığını ve Türk dilinin o devredeki yapısını ortaya koyması yönüyle dil tarihi bakımından da büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada mesnevi nazım biçimi ve aruz ölçüsüyle yazılmış yaklaşık 600 beyitten oluşan didaktik bir nasihatname olan Risâletü'nNushiyye'deki birleşik fiiller tespit edilip sınıflandırılarak hem Yunus Emre'nin Türk diline katkısını bu yolla ortaya koymak hem de Türk gramerinde birleşik fiil konusunun tasnifi hususundaki metodoloji karmaşasına dikkat çekmek amaçlanmaktadır
Anahtar Kelime:

COMPOUND VERB PATTERNS IN RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE

Öz:
Yunus Emre who had lived between at the end of 13th centuryand at the beginning of the 14th century, is one of the most significantperson of Turkish culture and history, and the information about hislife is legendary not certain. Yunus Emre, who was the most powerful representative of mysticism in Anatolia and efficient Pioneer, also, was agreat poet who had contributed to Turkish language to improve itsexistence, become a culture and literature language. Anatolian Turkishgained a powerful soul and became literary language in Yunus Emre’spoems in which he, especially, prefered public language.There is no doubt that Yunus Emre was one of who made a greatcontribution to Western Turkish, which is a section of Oghuz language,to improve as a written language, protect its existence, become aculture and a literary language. With his great works which directAnatolian Turkish to become as an independent written language,Yunus’ aforementioned works not only enlighten the language of the erawhen they were written, but also are resources to Turkish history withtheir phonetic, morphological, syntactic and semactic features. YunusEmre’s work which has named Risaletu’n-Nushiyye is subject to ourresearch. When it is seen that its syntactic pattern was made withcompound verbs, movements in the sentences were expressed withcompound verbs and, mostly, they were chosen as verbs.Compound verbs take an important place in Turkish’s prosperousvocabulary. Passing the historical stages, spreading differentgeographies, growing with the people whom spoke, became theconsequences of in need of new words because of the fact that theavaiable ones have not been enough. Languages have lots of differentmethods to recompense the need of new words. Turkish which has beenspoken in a wide geography and has a lot of people to speak with it, itsvocabulary has different resources. The major ways of making newwords in Turkish language are to make new words with the presentbase, reviving archaic words, taking words from foreign languages andmaking compound word. When we consider Turkish’s general process,it is seen that the method of making compound words is the mostfrequent way to refer. In language, while making compound words tofulfil objects and concepts, however, making compound verbs arechosen to describe the movements. Compound verbs, which becomewith uniting two or more words, take place of one movement and takepart as an item in syntax. In Turkish, besides the methods likederivation, revival and quotation, making a verb with compounding issignificant with regard to diversity and enrich vocabulary. When themain resources of grammar were studied in the field of Turkishlanguage, it was seen that there is a complexity of classificationexisting. There has not been any agreement about the classification ofcompound verbs and a common terminology yet. This situation bringswith an inevitable methodology complexity in researches which areabout compound verbs.The elements which are formed and accepted only as grammaticalstructures in most of the classifications, ignoring their situations aboutsemantical context cause missing dissections. In lots of the studies,with the union of a noun element and an auxiliary verb. Compoundverbs which were made and contraction compond verbs were given inone title. They were not utilized as a different group. As grammatically,even both of the groups are the same, in semantic context, they aresupposed to utilize as two different groups. Compound verbs whichwere made by auxiliary verbs, protected their real meaning back a newconception. However, in contraction compound verbs, at least one of the words which makes the compound verbs to lose their real meaning. Inaddition to this, in compound verbs which were made by auxiliaryverbs, the element of noun is the matter of uniting with the mainauxiliary verbs like be, do, make, in contraction compound verbs, withthe reason of all verbs can be auxiliary verb which unites with a nounelement, both of the structures are evaluated as different groups.Therefore, in this research which analyzes the compound verb patternof Risaletu’n-Nushiyye approaches three titles; compound verbs whichwere made by auxiliary verbs, grammatical compound verbs andcontraction compound verbs.It is seen that when compound verb structures are analyzed inRisaletu’n-Nushiyye, compound verbs with auxiliaries are used mostly.In total, there are 84 compound verbs in which auxiliaries like be, do,make correspond movement statements both Turkish words andquotation words. This 83 words, 11 of them were by Turkish words, 73of them were made by quotation words. It is inferred from this thatYunus Emre prefered compound verbs as the way of foreign words tolanguage.In the study, it is seen that in Yunus Emre’s Risaletu’n-Nushiyye,he did not prefer much using grammatical compound verbs againstmovement statements. From description verbs such as efficiency,quickness, approach, continuity and half description verbs, onlyefficiency and continuity were used in the work and the number of themdid not go beyond ten.In Risaletu’n-Nushiyye, the main point which makes the work toattract attention is, contraction comprising compound verbs. The factorof noun or verb which is in their structures, from place to place itenlightens the language of that era and consist of archoic words whichare resources to Turkish language history. Thus, in total, 51 of thatkind of compound verbs are in the work and they are significant.In a literary sense, Risaletu’n-Nushiyye has a great value for beingthe first example of Turkish copyright of Turkish mesnevi literature ofadvicing kind. It is one of Turkish language’s main historical resourcesfor being Yunus Emre’s conscious Turkish language coming intoexistence. In this research which is made in grammatical s
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA DATLI D (2015). RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. , 795 - 817.
Chicago DATLI Derya RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. (2015): 795 - 817.
MLA DATLI Derya RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. , 2015, ss.795 - 817.
AMA DATLI D RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. . 2015; 795 - 817.
Vancouver DATLI D RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. . 2015; 795 - 817.
IEEE DATLI D "RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ." , ss.795 - 817, 2015.
ISNAD DATLI, Derya. "RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ". (2015), 795-817.
APA DATLI D (2015). RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. Turkish Studies (Elektronik), 10(8), 795 - 817.
Chicago DATLI Derya RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. Turkish Studies (Elektronik) 10, no.8 (2015): 795 - 817.
MLA DATLI Derya RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. Turkish Studies (Elektronik), vol.10, no.8, 2015, ss.795 - 817.
AMA DATLI D RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. Turkish Studies (Elektronik). 2015; 10(8): 795 - 817.
Vancouver DATLI D RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ. Turkish Studies (Elektronik). 2015; 10(8): 795 - 817.
IEEE DATLI D "RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ." Turkish Studies (Elektronik), 10, ss.795 - 817, 2015.
ISNAD DATLI, Derya. "RİSÂLETÜ’N-NUSHİYYE’NİN BİRLEŞİK FİİL ÖRGÜSÜ". Turkish Studies (Elektronik) 10/8 (2015), 795-817.