Yıl: 2017 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 101 - 114 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427 İndeks Tarihi: 11-09-2018

Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi

Öz:
İnsan denekler üzerinde yapılan klinik ve sosyolojik araştırmaların artması ve çeşitlenmesi araştırma etiğinin gelişmesine katkıda bulunmuştur. Tıp ve teknolojideki ilerlemeler klinik araştırmaların ilk gündeme geldiği zamanlarda bulunmayan imkânları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Çoğu zaman bilimsel merak ile girişilen araştırmalar, başlangıçta öngörülemeyen etik tartışmalara yol açmıştır. Tartışmalar sonucunda yeni etik kavramlar ortaya atılmış ve çoğu zaman yeni yasal düzenlemeler geliştirilmiş ya da var olanlar güncellenmek durumunda kalınmıştır. Bu makalede yirminci ve yirmi birinci yüzyılda geldiğimiz güne kadar öne çıkan ve araştırma etiğinde dönüm noktası olarak değerlendirilebilecek seçili bazı vakalar ele alınmış ve bu vakaların etik açıdan yarattığı tartışmalar ve bu tartışmaların sonuçlarına değinilmiştir. Bu amaçla on dokuzuncu yüzyılın son yıllarında Walter Reed tarafından hazırlanan ilk aydınlatılmış onam metninden başlanarak kronolojik olarak ilerlenmiştir. İnsan denekler üzerinde yapılan klinik araştırmalar yanı sıra, Tearoom Trade Study gibi klinik dışı sosyolojik araştırmalara ve Kennedy Kreiger Kurşun Zehirlenmesi Araştırmaları gibi klinik dışında gerçekleşen halk sağlığı araştırmalarına da yer verilerek araştırma etiğine daha geniş bir perspektiften yaklaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Son olarak yeni doğan kan testlerinde ortaya çıkan etik tartışmalara yer verilerek genetik, biyobankalar gibi araştırma etiğinin sorunlarına dikkat çekilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Short History of Research Ethics with Selected Cases

Öz:
Research ethics improved by the increase in number and variety of clinical and sociological research on human subjects. The developments in medicine and technology produced possibilities which were not present in the years when research ethics concept first came up. The researches which started with pure scientific curiosity led to unforeseen ethical discussions. At the end of these ethical discussions new concepts are developed, legislations are passed or updated. This manuscript addresses the cases which are considered as corner stones of research ethics in twentieth and twenty first century up to date and defines the ethical discussions and their results, starting from the first informed consent by Walter Reed and proceed in chronological order. Apart from clinic research on human subjects, sociologic research such as Tearoom Trade Study and public health research such as Kennedy Kruiger Lead Study are addressed to provide a wider perspective. Finally ethical discussions arising from newborn blood tests are referred, to remark ethical implications of genetics and biobanks.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA ekmekci p (2017). Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. , 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
Chicago ekmekci perihan elif Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. (2017): 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
MLA ekmekci perihan elif Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. , 2017, ss.101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
AMA ekmekci p Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. . 2017; 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
Vancouver ekmekci p Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. . 2017; 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
IEEE ekmekci p "Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi." , ss.101 - 114, 2017. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
ISNAD ekmekci, perihan elif. "Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi". (2017), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
APA ekmekci p (2017). Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi, 10(1), 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
Chicago ekmekci perihan elif Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi 10, no.1 (2017): 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
MLA ekmekci perihan elif Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi, vol.10, no.1, 2017, ss.101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
AMA ekmekci p Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi. 2017; 10(1): 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
Vancouver ekmekci p Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi. 2017; 10(1): 101 - 114. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
IEEE ekmekci p "Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi." Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi, 10, ss.101 - 114, 2017. 10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427
ISNAD ekmekci, perihan elif. "Seçilmiş vakalarla araştırma etiğinin kısa tarihçesi". Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi 10/1 (2017), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.5505/ptd.2017. 80427