Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region
Yıl: 2002 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 5 Sayfa Aralığı: 295 - 302 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022
Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region
Öz: The seasonal changes in total carbohydrate, fructose, glucose and sucrose levels of bark tissues of the Tombul, Palaz, Kalınkara, Çakıldak and Sivri cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea regions were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As with other fruit species, carbohydrate levels decreased from the end of spring to summer, showed steady changes with low values in summer and increased starting in the middle of fall until winter. Despite a general tendency of decline during spring, the carbohydrate and soluble sugar contents of Sivri increased in the Düzce region in April. Annual changes in carbohydrates from different regions and cultivars did not show significant differences. The differences between regions and cultivars were prominent in fall and winter. Sucrose levels were higher in December and January in Düzce, which has lower winter temperatures than Giresun. The opposite results were obtained for other sugar content levels except for the total carbohydrate and glucose content of Kalınkara in December and the total carbohydrate content of Palaz in January. Differences between regions during winter mostly occurred in the Palaz, Çakıldak and Sivri cultivars. Sucrose levels were also higher in those cultivars in January. The Çakıldak cultivar had more total carbohydrates in December and January than other cultivars in both regions.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Doğu ve Batı Karadeniz Bölgelerinde yetiştirilen bazı fındık çeşitlerinin kabuk dokularındaki karbonhidratların yıllık değişimleri
Öz: The seasonal changes in total carbohydrate, fructose, glucose and sucrose levels of bark tissues of the Tombul, Palaz, Kalınkara, Çakıldak and Sivri cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea regions were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As with other fruit species, carbohydrate levels decreased from the end of spring to summer, showed steady changes with low values in summer and increased starting in the middle of fall until winter. Despite a general tendency of decline during spring, the carbohydrate and soluble sugar contents of Sivri increased in the Düzce region in April. Annual changes in carbohydrates from different regions and cultivars did not show significant differences. The differences between regions and cultivars were prominent in fall and winter. Sucrose levels were higher in December and January in Düzce, which has lower winter temperatures than Giresun. The opposite results were obtained for other sugar content levels except for the total carbohydrate and glucose content of Kalınkara in December and the total carbohydrate content of Palaz in January. Differences between regions during winter mostly occurred in the Palaz, Çakıldak and Sivri cultivars. Sucrose levels were also higher in those cultivars in January. The Çakıldak cultivar had more total carbohydrates in December and January than other cultivars in both regions.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Ayfer, M., A. Uzun ve F. Bafl, 1986. Türk F›nd›k Çeflitleri. KaradenizBölgesi F›nd›k ‹hracatç›lar› Birli¤i, Ankara.
- Bianco, R.L., M. Rieger and S.S. She-Jean, 1999. Activities of sucroseand sorbitol metabolizing enzymes in vegetative sinks of peachand correlation with sink growth rate. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.124 (4): 381-388.
- Bonhevi, J.S. and F.V. Coll, 1993. Study of the carbohydrate fraction ofthe principal varieties of Tarragona hazelnuts (Corylus avellanaL.).Food Chemistry. 46: 3, 285-288.
- Caruso, T., P. Inglese, F. Sottile and F.P. Marra, 1999. Effects ofplanting system on productivity, dry-matter partitioning andcarbohydrate content in above-ground components of‘Flordaprince’ peach trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 124 (1): 39-45.
- Davies, F.T. Jr. 1988. Influence of nutrient and carbohydrates onrooting of cuttings. Combined Proceedings. International PlantPropagation Society. 38, 432-437.
- Drossopoulos, J.B. and C.A. Niavis, 1988. Seasonal changes of themetabolites in the leaves, bark and xylem tissues of olive tree(Olea europeaL.) II. Carbohydrates. Annals of Botany. 62: 321-327.
- Goldschmidt, E.E. and A. Golomb, 1982. The carbohydrate balance ofalternate-bearing citrus trees and the significance of reserves forflowering and fruiting. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 107 (2): 206-208.
- İdem, G. and Ö. Gezerel, 1995. The effect of sampling time, type ofseedling and organs on the content of mineral elements andreducing sugar form in pistacia seedling. Acta Horticulturae. 419:323-327.
- Maust, B.E., J.G. Williamson and R.L. Darnell, 2000. Carbohydratereserve concentrations and flower bud density effects onvegetative and reproductive development in southern highbushblueberry. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 125 (4): 413-419.
- McBee, G.G. and N.O. Maness, 1983. Determination of sucrose,glucose and fructose in plant tissue by high performance liquidchromatography. Journal of Chromatography. 264: 474-478.
- Niinemets, U. 1999. Energy requirements for foliage formation is notconstant along canopy light gradients in temperate deciduoustrees. New-Phytologist. 141: 3, 459-470.
- Nzima, M.D.S., G.C. Martin and C. Nishijima, 1999. Effect of falldefoliation and spring shading on shoot carbohydrate and growthparameters among individual branches of alternate bearing‘Kerman’ pistachio trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 124 (1): 52-60.
- Palonen, P. 1999. Relationship of seasonal changes in carbohydratesand cold hardiness in canes and buds of three red raspberrycultivars. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 124 (5): 507-513.
- Sakai, A. 1966. Seasonal variations in the amounts of polyhydric alcoholand sugar in fruit trees. Journal Hort. Sci. 41: 207-213.
- Salisbury, F.B. and C.W. Ross, 1991. Plant Physiology, WadsworthPublishing Company Belmont, California U.S.A., 682 pp.
- Savage, G.P. and D.L. McNeill, 1998. Chemical composition ofhazelnuts (Corylus avellanaL.) grown in New Zealand. Int.Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 49: 3, 199-203
- Wang, S.Y. and M.J. Camp, 2000. Temperatures after bloom affectplant growth and fruit quality of strawberry. ScientiaHorticulturae. 85 (3): 183-199.
- Winer, B.J. 1971. Statistical Principles in Experimental Design.McGraw-Hill, Inc. U.S.A.
- Yastioka, H., K. Nagai, K. Aota and M. Fukumoto, 1988. Seasonalchanges of carbohydrates metabolism in apple trees. ScientiaHorticulturae. (36): 219-227
APA | Okay Y, KÖKSAL A, ARTIK N (2002). Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. , 295 - 302. |
Chicago | Okay Yeşim,KÖKSAL A. İlhami,ARTIK Nevzat Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. (2002): 295 - 302. |
MLA | Okay Yeşim,KÖKSAL A. İlhami,ARTIK Nevzat Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. , 2002, ss.295 - 302. |
AMA | Okay Y,KÖKSAL A,ARTIK N Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. . 2002; 295 - 302. |
Vancouver | Okay Y,KÖKSAL A,ARTIK N Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. . 2002; 295 - 302. |
IEEE | Okay Y,KÖKSAL A,ARTIK N "Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region." , ss.295 - 302, 2002. |
ISNAD | Okay, Yeşim vd. "Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region". (2002), 295-302. |
APA | Okay Y, KÖKSAL A, ARTIK N (2002). Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 26(5), 295 - 302. |
Chicago | Okay Yeşim,KÖKSAL A. İlhami,ARTIK Nevzat Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 26, no.5 (2002): 295 - 302. |
MLA | Okay Yeşim,KÖKSAL A. İlhami,ARTIK Nevzat Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, vol.26, no.5, 2002, ss.295 - 302. |
AMA | Okay Y,KÖKSAL A,ARTIK N Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2002; 26(5): 295 - 302. |
Vancouver | Okay Y,KÖKSAL A,ARTIK N Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2002; 26(5): 295 - 302. |
IEEE | Okay Y,KÖKSAL A,ARTIK N "Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region." Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 26, ss.295 - 302, 2002. |
ISNAD | Okay, Yeşim vd. "Seasonal carbohydrate changes of the bark tissues of hazelnut cultivars grown in the East and West Black Sea Region". Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 26/5 (2002), 295-302. |