This study aims to underline the use of theatricality in Neoclassical painting and to draw attention to the art’s perpetual structure with the help of universal ancient ideas and myths. It also aims to explain how the theatrical manner in paintings affected the history of art as an approach through Jacques Louis-David’s, a pioneering artist, paintings. With this purpose in mind, 18th century French art and the revolutionary times taking place in France paved the way to Neoclassism as a new sense of aesthetic in the art environment of that period. This situation gave Jacques Louis-David, one of the most preeminent figures of Western art history, the idea of painting ancient sense of form, subjects and myths. Considering that the artist made use of theatrical fiction in many of his paintings, his paintings were analyzed in terms of sense and form relation and his predecessor and successor context in art history was examined and, finally, some conclusions were reached.